Deck 11: Nicotine and Tobacco Use

Question 1

1 Distinguish the natural sources of the major xanthines: caffeine,theobromine,and theophylline.

Answer 1

no answer

Question 2

2 Contrast Coffea arabica with Coffea robusta.Why are robusta beans more commonly found in commercial coffees?

Answer 2

no answer

Question 3

10 Robusta coffee beans are generally more expensive than arabica coffee beans.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

8 Coffea robusta beans represent the majority of the world's coffee production.

Question 5

6 Cola drinks are presently the primary source of caffeine within the United States.

Question 6

5 In 1860,Americans consumed three-fourths of the world's entire production of coffee.

Question 7

4 Discuss the chemical content in tea.

Question 8

6 To what extent does chronic caffeine consumption produce physical dependence?

Question 9

11 The caffeine content in a "standard" 5-ounce cup of coffee is estimated to be about 100 mg.

Question 10

9 Coffea robusta beans have twice the amount of caffeine as coffea arabica beans.

Question 11

1 Caffeine can be a dependence-producing drug.

Question 12

7 What are some of the major concerns with the consumption of caffeine by young people?

Question 13

13 The preferred amount of coffee is often a twelve- to twenty-four-ounce cup,while the standard cup is only about five ounces.

Question 14

7 The United States is the nation with the highest per capita consumption of coffee in the world.

Question 15

4 The expression "penny universities" refers to English coffee houses in the 1700s.

Question 16

12 Roughly speaking,there are about 200 mg of caffeine in a 5-ounce cup of coffee.

Question 17

3 Tea is known as "the wine of Islam."

Question 18

3 Describe the major steps that are taken to produce modern-day chocolate from raw cocoa beans.

Question 19

2 Theobromine and theophylline are two examples of xanthine drugs.

Question 20

5 Discuss our present understanding regarding the health risks associated with caffeine consumption.

Question 21

31 Smokers,on average,experience the effects of caffeine for a longer period of time than do nonsmokers.

Question 22

27 Caffeinated medications frequently have caffeine levels equivalent to four or five cups of coffee.

Question 23

19 Polyphenols in tea are used to treat asthma and other respiratory problems.

Question 24

21 The first European to have tasted chocolate in any form was Hernando Cortés during his conquest of Mexico.

Question 25

17 On average,a five-ounce cup of tea contains about sixty mg of caffeine.

Question 26

23 Baking chocolate is the hardened form of cocoa butter.

Question 27

16 Chinese tea played a major role in the Opium War that began in 1842.

Question 28

26 The per capita consumption of soft-drink products in the United States is equivalent to between two and three eight-ounce servings per day.

Question 29

25 Caffeinated cola drinks have their caffeine added to them during the manufacturing of the product.

Question 30

20 Cocoa bean pods are botanically and pharmacologically related to coca leaves.

Question 31

24 Chocolate has a smaller amount of caffeine in it than coffee but a larger amount than tea.

Question 32

29 The immediate "buzz" one gets after drinking coffee is due to the caffeine content.

Question 33

33 Xanthines inhibit the neurotransmitter adenosine.

Question 34

28 When ingested orally,caffeine is absorbed within five minutes.

Question 35

22 According to the text,recent evidence shows that chocolate may protect arteries from disease.

Question 36

18 There is more caffeine in a five-ounce cup of tea then there is in a five-ounce cup of coffee.

Question 37

30 Nonsmokers eliminate caffeine faster than smokers.

Question 38

32 Caffeine has a bronchodilating effect on air passages.

Question 39

14 Contact with xanthine-containing plants causes insects to become over-stimulated and die.

Question 40

15 On the basis of historical records,coffee is the world's oldest caffeine-containing beverage.

Question 41

52 The physiological and behavior effects of caffeine are greater in children than in adults.

Question 42

47 There is an increase in heart rate and blood pressure well after seventy-two hours following an administration of caffeine..

Question 43

50 Caffeinism is officially recognized as a psychological disorder by the American Psychiatric
Association.

Question 44

46 About 50 percent of the U.S.population consumes caffeine in one form or another each day.

Question 45

43 Recent studies show a link between caffeine and fibrocystic lesions in breasts.

Question 46

44 Individuals with a slower version of a DNA sequence that breaks down caffeine show a decreased risk of heart attacks as compared to those with a faster version of that sequence.

Question 47

42 The risk of osteoporosis has not been found to be linked to caffeine consumption.

Question 48

45 Low birth weight in the newborn has been associated with caffeine consumption of the mother during the first three months of pregnancy.

Question 49

36 People who are engaged in boring,repetitive tasks find that caffeine improves their performance.

Question 50

51 The lethal dose of caffeine is roughly equivalent to between 50 and 100 cups of coffee.

Question 51

39 The combination of alcohol and highly caffeinated energy drinks reduces a person's perception of intoxication,leading them to believe that they are more in control than they really are,making it more likely that greater amounts of alcohol will be consumed.

Question 52

41 In most recent studies,caffeine has been found to significantly increase one's risk of a heart attack.

Question 53

38 The ingestion of highly caffeinated energy drinks as mixers with alcohol will reduce alcohol intoxication.

Question 54

35 In a recent study of possible performance-enhancing effects among competitive cyclists,it was found that caffeine administration increased their performance during timed trials overall,but the effect was greater when the cyclists were (falsely)informed that they had not ingested it.

Question 55

53 Soft-drink consumption and the substantial calorie intake associated with it have no significant adverse metabolic effects,and have not been found to result in obesity.

Question 56

48 Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal include headache,irritability,and drowsiness.

Question 57

34 The major effect of caffeine is to excite neuronal activity in the brain.

Question 58

40 Recent studies indicate that caffeine reduces the risk of Parkinson's disease in men.

Question 59

37 Caffeine can sober up a person who is drunk.

Question 60

49 There is substantial evidence that physical dependence develops from chronic caffeine consumption.

Question 61

16 Which of the following nations is a major importer of coffee?

A)Brazil
B)Western Europe
C)China
D)United States

Question 62

6 The stimulating effect is approximately the same with equal amounts of __________.

A)caffeine and theobromine
B)caffeine and theophylline
C)theobromine and theophylline
D)caffeine,theobromine,and theophylline

Question 63

13 Coffee became the American national drink in the nineteenth century,especially after 1830,because __________.

A)alcohol consumption was on the decline
B)Presidents Jackson and Van Buren favored coffee over any other beverage
C)the development of the American West encouraged sobriety among pioneers heading west
D)the growing friction between North and South made coffee drinking necessary

Question 64

8 The first recorded use of coffee beans came from __________.

A)South Africa
B)Indonesia
C)Ceylon
D)the Arab world

Question 65

7 Analogy: Tea is to China as coffee is to __________.

A)Indonesia
B)the United States
C)England
D)Arabia

Question 66

54 Moderate amounts of caffeine can act in a similar way to Ritalin in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Question 67

9 The first application of coffee beans was as __________.

A)the basis for a good-tasting drink
B)the basis for a good-tasting,paste-like dessert
C)a stimulant
D)a cosmetic to soften the skin

Question 68

4 The best way of describing caffeine,theobromine,and theophylline is to call them __________.

A)CNS depressants
B)trichloroethylenes
C)xanthines
D)theothixines

Question 69

15 After 1830,as alcohol consumption _______,coffee consumption _______.

A)increased;increased
B)increased;decreased
C)decreased;increased
D)decreased;remained the same

Question 70

11 Coffee houses in eighteenth-century England were popular with __________.

A)drunkards and prostitutes
B)intellectuals
C)women looking for an alternative to gin and other alcoholic beverages
D)college students seeking a good time

Question 71

1 _______ constitute the family of stimulant compounds in which caffeine belongs.

A)Xanthines
B)Theobromines
C)Theophyllines
D)Cocaine and amphetamine

Question 72

3 Which of the following is NOT a natural source of caffeine?

A)tea
B)coffee
C)chocolate
D)sugar

Question 73

14 The current per capita consumption of coffee in the United States __________.

A)is the highest in the world
B)is the second highest in the world
C)ranks below most European countries
D)ranks only in the top fifty among countries in the world

Question 74

19 Brazil is a source of __________.

A)Coffea arabica only
B)Coffea robusta only
C)Coffea arabica and coffea robusta
D)a unique species called coffea brazilia

Question 75

10 The "gin epidemic" in England is considered to have been moderated by the popularity of __________.

A)coffee houses
B)opium
C)chocolate
D)pharmacies that marketed xanthenes

Question 76

2 Which of the following has the weakest stimulatory effect?

A)caffeine
B)theobromine
C)theophylline
D)xanthenes

Question 77

18 Approximately 80 percent of the world's coffee comes from __________.

A)coffea arabica
B)coffea americana
C)coffea robusta
D)camellia sinensis

Question 78

12 During the 1700s,____ helped moderate the widespread drunkenness in England.

A)tea production
B)coffee houses
C)taverns
D)none of the above

Question 79

5 Analogy: Coffee is to caffeine as __________.

A)tea is to theophylline and caffeine
B)chocolate is to coffee
C)tea is to theobromine
D)chocolate is to theophylline

Question 80

17 The original coffee bean plant,as far as Westerners are concerned,is called __________.

A)Coffea arabica
B)Coffea americana
C)Coffea robusta
D)Camellia sinensis