Deck 7: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems

Question 1

A community of practice (COP)is a group of people with common interests who come together to create,store,and share knowledge on a specific topic.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees,hears,and feels objectives.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Voice recognition involves converting sound waves into words.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Although computers excel at numerical calculations,they are not as good at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.

Question 5

The idea behind the brain computer interface is to develop a link between the human brain and the computer and have human thought control computer activities.

Question 6

Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars,make precision welds,and perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for human beings.

Question 7

Many businesses use patents,copyrights,trade secrets,and Internet firewalls to keep prying eyes from seeing important knowledge that is expensive and hard to create.

Question 8

An organization's knowledge repository can be located both inside the organization and outside.

Question 9

Expert systems use heuristics to arrive at conclusions or make recommendations.

Question 10

An office supplies inventory is an example of data.

Question 11

A genetic algorithm is an approach to solving problems based on the theory of evolution that uses the survival of the fittest concept as a problem-solving strategy.

Question 12

Secretaries,administrative assistants,medical assistants,and similar data-entry people are often called knowledge workers.

Question 13

Many organizations actively attempt to convert explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge.

Question 14

Expert systems,robotics,vision systems,natural language processing,learning systems,and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.

Question 15

A new knowledge base must be built for each unique expert system application.

Question 16

Data mining and business intelligence are often used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system.

Question 17

Learning systems allow a computer to change how it reacts to situations based on feedback it receives.

Question 18

In general,as the number of rules that an expert system knows increases,the precision of the expert system also increases.

Question 19

A neural network relies on massively parallel processing to enable a computer to simulate the function of a human brain.

Question 20

Robots can provide doctors with enhanced precision,improved dexterity,and better visualization.

Question 21

_____ can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.

A) Voice recognition systems
B) Natural language processing systems
C) Learning systems
D) Neural networks

Question 22

The knowledge found in databases,memos,and written documents is an example of _____.

A) explicit knowledge
B) implicit knowledge
C) intuitive knowledge
D) tacit knowledge

Question 23

The inference engine is the component of an expert system that delivers the expert advice.

Question 24

Assistive technology systems help overcome disabilities or improve health.

Question 25

Virtual reality simulations require special interface devices that transmit the sights,sounds,and sensations of the simulated world to the user.

Question 26

A difficult task in developing an expert system is the process of creating and updating the knowledge base.

Question 27

ArtPro Inc,an artificial intelligence research lab,has recently developed a robot which counts the number of bacterial cells in a blood sample presented in a video.Therefore,the robot is using _____ to count the cells.

A) a learning system
B) a vision system
C) an intelligent agent
D) an inference engine

Question 28

Having a(n)____ allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees,hears,and feels objects.

A) robotics system
B) perceptive system
C) learning system
D) expert system

Question 29

The purpose of a knowledge acquisition facility is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of a knowledge base.

Question 30

Simple Life Inc.has developed a special helmet.When customers wear this helmet they can control their television sets with their eye movements.The helmet designed by Simple Life Inc.is an example of a(n)_____.

A) ​brain computer interface
B) ​assistive technology system
C) ​neural network
D) ​intelligent agent

Question 31

The main purpose of the user interface is to make an expert system easier for users and decision makers to develop and use.

Question 32

A network of doctors investigating new treatment techniques for cancer is an example of a _____.

A) ​knowledge management system
B) ​learning system
C) ​community of practice
D) ​virtual reality system

Question 33

Expert system shells are available for both personal computers and mainframe systems.

Question 34

A domain expert is a person with the expertise an expert system is trying to capture.

Question 35

_____ is the awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.

A) Cognition
B) Knowledge
C) Intuition
D) Intelligent quotient

Question 36

Health informatics is the science of how to use data,information,and technology to improve human health and the delivery of health care services.

Question 37

When audio files are played while they are being downloaded from the Internet,it is called streaming audio.

Question 38

Knowing the best way to negotiate with a foreign government about a volatile hostage situation is an example of _____ knowledge.

A) embedded
B) tacit
C) explicit
D) codified

Question 39

_____ knowledge is hard to measure and document and is typically not objective or formalized.

A) Tacit
B) Codified
C) Embedded
D) Explicit

Question 40

​_____ include the people,procedures,hardware,software,data,and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that can simulate human intelligence processes,including learning,reasoning,and self-correction.

A) ​Artificial intelligence systems
B) ​Assistive technology systems
C) Intelligence agents
D) ​Inference engines

Question 41

In an expert system,the _____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge acquisition facility
C) user interface
D) explanation facility

Question 42

A _____ is the person or group with the expertise or knowledge an expert system is trying to capture.

A) domain expert
B) knowledge user
C) knowledge engineer
D) system expert

Question 43

Graphic images can be stored in a variety of formats including _____.

A) JPEG and GIF
B) MP3 and MPEG
C) ISDB and DVB
D) WAV and MIDI

Question 44

_____ is a file conversion program that can be used to compress multimedia files to make them easier to download from the Internet or send them as an e-mail attachment.

A) Apple Quick Time
B) WinZip
C) Grass Valley
D) CorelDraw

Question 45

A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,procedures,software,databases,and devices used to create,store,share,and use an organization's knowledge and experience.

Question 46

_____ is a popular and sophisticated software package that can be used to edit visual images.

A) PowerPoint
B) Microsoft Silverlight
C) Adobe Photoshop
D) Apple Quicktime

Question 47

The _____ is the component of an expert system that allows a user to understand how the system arrived at its results.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge base
C) explanation facility
D) knowledge acquisition facility

Question 48

The _____ stores all relevant information,data,rules,cases,and relationships that an expert system uses.

A) inference engine
B) knowledge base
C) intelligent agent
D) data warehouse

Question 49

_____ is a collection of facts organized so that it has additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.

Question 50

Special purpose systems that help overcome disabilities or improve health are called _____.

A) assistive technology systems
B) neural networks
C) artificial intelligence systems
D) learning systems

Question 51

One special application of computer technology is derived from a mathematical theory called _____ that involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies.

A) coding theory
B) information theory
C) game theory
D) approximation theory

Question 52

A _____ is a person who has training or experience in the design,development,implementation,and maintenance of an expert system.

A) knowledge user
B) knowledge engineer
C) domain expert
D) human expert

Question 53

A ____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.

A) genetic algorithm
B) case
C) rule
D) scenario

Question 54

_____ has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos so that GPS maps can be combined with real pictures of stores and streets to help you locate your position.

A) Immersive virtual reality
B) Telepresence
C) Augmented reality
D) Location reality

Question 55

The expert system knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between _____.

A) end users and inference engines
B) experts and knowledge bases
C) decision makers and the knowledge bases
D) system developers and explanation facilities

Question 56

_____ is the combination of information technology with traditional disciplines such as medicine or science while considering the impact on individuals,organizations,and society.

A) Informatics
B) Heuristics
C) Informetrics
D) Assistive technology

Question 57

After knowledge is created,it is often stored in a(n)_____ that includes documents,reports,files,and databases.

Question 58

_____ consists of raw facts,such as an employee number,number of hours worked in a week,inventory part numbers,or sales orders.

Question 59

The haptic interface relays the sense of _____ in the virtual world.

A) sight
B) sound
C) touch
D) smell

Question 60

A(n)_____ is a directory that points the knowledge worker to the needed knowledge.

Question 61

_____ statements are rules that suggest certain conclusions.

Question 62

A(n)_____ is the person or group who uses and benefits from the expert system.

Question 63

When video files are being played while being downloaded from the Internet,it is called _____.

Question 64

_____,by Microsoft,can be used to develop a presentation that is displayed on a large viewing screen with sound and animation.

Question 65

_____ include hardware and software that permit computers to capture,store,and process visual images.

Question 66

_____ involves the computer understanding,analyzing,manipulating,and/or generating "natural" languages such as English.

Question 67

_____ is text,graphics,video,animation,audio,and other media that can be used to help an organization efficiently and effectively achieve its goals.

Question 68

​The _____ is a test that attempts to determine whether a computer can successfully impersonate a human.

Question 69

A(n)_____ is a computer system that employs massively parallel processors in an architecture that is based on the human brain's meshlike structure.

Question 70

_____ represents the intersection of people,information,and technology.

Question 71

_____ is the science of how to use data,information,and technology to improve human health and the delivery of health care services.

Question 72

A knowledge base is a natural extension of a(n)_____ and an information and decision support system.

Question 73

The main purpose of the _____ is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.

Question 74

A(n)_____ is the part of an expert system that seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base and provides answers,predictions,and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.

Question 75

A(n)_____ is a component of an expert system that stores all relevant information,data,rules,cases,and relationships that the expert system uses.

Question 76

A(n)_____ consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences,enabling a novice to perform at the level of an experienced worker.

Question 77

_____ is a process where the computer makes a decision,analyzes the results,and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.

Question 78

On the Internet,_____ and animated GIF files can be used to animate or create "moving" images.

Question 79

Microsoft's Digital Dashboard integrates information from a variety of sources,including personal,group,enterprise,and external information and documents.It is an example of a(n)_____.

Question 80

_____ is a learning system involving sequential decisions with learning taking place between each decision.