Question 1

Analytic philosophers of education do not attempt to prescribe a particular kind of education as much as they seek to&#10;A)construct a universal language for schools to use.&#10;B)simplify the aims and objectives of education.&#10;C)make the formal study of language a requirement.&#10;D)clarify the conceptual arguments used by educators.

Accepted Answer

Analytic philosophers of education focus on analyzing and clarifying the conceptual arguments used by educators. They do not aim to prescribe a particular kind of education or simplify the aims and objectives of education. They primarily aim to provide conceptual clarity to educational debates and discussions.

Question 2

Bertrand Russell influenced analytic philosophy to avoid a &#34;grand manner&#34; approach in favor of&#10;A)making disparate parts fit into a block universe solution to problems.&#10;B)reducing each problem to its smallest parts for clarity and precision of meaning.&#10;C)taking constituent parts and connecting them to general science.&#10;D)putting the parts back into the whole for better synthesis.

Accepted Answer

Bertrand Russell was a major proponent of analytical philosophy, which emphasizes breaking down complex problems into their smallest components for analysis and clarity of meaning. This approach is in contrast to a more "grand manner" approach, which seeks to solve problems in a more holistic or general way without breaking them down into smaller parts.

Question 3

Ludwig Wittgenstein's revised philosophy embraced the view of language as comprised of&#10;A)objective statements of verification.&#10;B)atomistic statements of fact.&#10;C)indefinite possibilities of usage.&#10;D)universal principles of agreement.

Accepted Answer

Wittgenstein believed that language is not just a set of objective statements of verification or atomistic statements of fact, but rather a tool for communication and understanding within a specific cultural and social context. He argued that the meaning of language is determined by its use in various language games, and there are indefinite possibilities of its usage. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it aligns with Wittgenstein's view of language.

Question 4

The kind of question that motivates analytic philosophers is not &#34;What is real?&#34; but &#34;What is&#10;A)the truth?&#34;&#10;B)the nature of goodness?&#34;&#10;C)an analysis of meaning?&#34;&#10;D)the epistemological assumption?&#34;

Accepted Answer

Analytic philosophy is primarily concerned with the analysis of language, meaning, and logic. Therefore, the question "What is an analysis of meaning?" is most closely related to the interests of analytic philosophers.

Question 5

Many analytic philosophers say that since thinking is so dependent on language,&#10;A)thinking problems are also language problems.&#10;B)philosophy must depend on an international language.&#10;C)new meanings must be gained through new languages.&#10;D)one cannot think without an objective language.

Accepted Answer

Analytic philosophers argue that language plays a crucial role in how we think and reason, and as such, many thinking problems can be reduced to language problems. This is because language provides the means by which we construct, express, and communicate our thoughts, beliefs, and ideas. Therefore, A is the best choice as it reflects this perspective.

Question 6

The use of philosophical analysis in education has often been directed at educational slogans in order to&#10;A)promote democracy by forceful slogans.&#10;B)clarify how meanings are used in slogans.&#10;C)abolish the use of slogans in schools.&#10;D)advocate particular slogans for adoption by schools.

Accepted Answer

Philosophical analysis in education is often used to clarify concepts and meanings that are used in education. With regard to slogans, philosophical analysis can be used to investigate the values and ideas that are communicated through them, and to examine how those messages are being conveyed. Therefore, the use of philosophical analysis in education is primarily directed towards clarifying the meanings of slogans rather than promoting, abolishing or advocating particular slogans.

Question 7

Analytic philosophy has had the most impact on our use of&#10;A)curriculum methods.&#10;B)language.&#10;C)philosophical speculation.&#10;D)scientific method.

Accepted Answer

Analytic philosophy has had a significant impact on our use of language, particularly in the realms of logic and semantics. It emphasizes clarity, precision, and the use of logical analysis to solve problems and answer philosophical questions. This emphasis on language has had an influence on fields beyond philosophy as well, including linguistics and computer science.

Question 8

The underlying assumption of philosophical analysis is that the proper role for philosophy is to provide&#10;A)clarification to linguistic and conceptual confusion.&#10;B)mathematical precision to scientific findings.&#10;C)support for humanistic studies.&#10;D)scientific certainty to observational data.

Accepted Answer

The proper role of philosophical analysis is seen as providing clarification to linguistic and conceptual confusion, often through the use of rigorous analytical methods. This involves examining and breaking down complex concepts to a more understandable level, questioning assumptions that may be implicit, and providing clear definitions. Philosophy is not concerned with providing mathematical precision or scientific certainty, although it may interact with these fields. It is also not primarily concerned with supporting humanistic studies, although it may have relevance for them.

Question 9

For Gilbert Ryle the &#34;ghost in the machine&#34; is really a philosophical confusion over the meaning of the&#10;A)body.&#10;B)soul.&#10;C)emotion.&#10;D)mind.

Accepted Answer

Gilbert Ryle argued that the notion of a "ghost in the machine" arises from a fundamental category mistake: the idea that the mind is a separate entity from the body. He believed that this confusion over the relationship between mind and body resulted in a false duality, where people saw the mind as a non-physical entity controlling the physical body. Ryle thus rejected the traditional mind-body dualism and instead advocated for a non-dualist perspective known as behaviorism. Therefore, for Ryle, the confusion is over the meaning of the mind, not the other options.

Question 10

A distinguishing feature of logical positivism was its insistence on&#10;A)avoiding atomism in favor of synthesis.&#10;B)the principle of verification.&#10;C)the use of logic in philosophical argument.&#10;D)being tentative about philosophical conclusions.

Accepted Answer

The principle of verification was a central tenet of logical positivism, which held that only statements that are empirically verifiable or falsifiable have meaning. This criterion was seen as a way to avoid metaphysical speculation and to ensure that statements could be subjected to scientific inquiry.

Deck 9: Analytic Philosophy and Education