Deck 19: Politics and Social Movements

Question 1

According to pluralists,democracy is guaranteed because no single group in Canada is always able to control the political agenda.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

According to pluralists,what type of society do we inhabit?

A) a society where no single interest dominates
B) a tolerant and peaceful multi-ethnic society
C) a society where labour interests set the political agenda
D) a society where business interests set the political agenda

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Normal politics is politics as it is practised when the legitimacy of authority grows weak.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

ISIL (the Islamic State in the Levant)is a less radical and less violent offshoot of al Qaeda.

Question 5

The level of unionization increases working-class power and is reflected in the political behaviour of citizens.

Question 6

According to the text,to what stage have newer social movements been able to carry the struggle for citizenship rights in Canada?

A) universal citizenship
B) global citizenship
C) civil citizenship
D) political citizenship

Question 7

Citizens of both Canada and Sweden are legally free to vote and influence their governments,but because the working class is more powerful in Sweden,the legal right of Swedes to vote and influence governments has been turned into real political influence on a wider scale.

Question 8

The "coercive apparatus of the state" refers to the police and court system.

Question 9

What is the new,or fourth,stage of social movements working toward?

A) more political participation
B) increased social consciousness
C) promoting universal citizenship
D) effective civil society

Question 10

The globalization of social movements is facilitated by travel and communication with like-minded activists from other countries.

Question 11

The high rate of nonvoting in the United States is a result of the current distribution of power.

Question 12

Canada's socialist party (the NDP)has never formed the federal government or even had a representative in the federal cabinet.

Question 13

Which of the following is part of civil society?

A) judiciary
B) police
C) legislature
D) mass media

Question 14

Elite theorists devote particular attention to how variations in the distribution of power influence political behaviour and public policy.

Question 15

Which group benefits when the working class is more powerful?

A) visible minorities
B) men
C) women
D) Aboriginal people

Question 16

Frame alignment in social movements has become less important now that technology has connected social networks around the world.

Question 17

As a result of the Occupy Movement,the issue of class conflict has been dismissed in the political realms.

Question 18

The main focus of the study of social movements and politics is to find out why people vote the way they do.

Question 19

The 2011 Occupy Movement began as a result of a Twitter hashtag created by the editor of an anti-consumerist magazine.

Question 20

Postmodernist feminists have criticized liberal,social,and radical feminists for their tendency to generalize from the experience of white women.

Question 21

Apathy Is Boring is a nonprofit organization that promotes civic responsibility,including exercising the right to vote.According to Apathy Is Boring,democracy can't work for people unless the people understand it and get out and vote.Who would endorse this organization?

A) power-balance theorists
B) state-centred theorists
C) resource mobilization theorists
D) elite theorists

Question 22

What is political citizenship?

A) It is the right to freedom of speech.
B) It is a new form of universal citizenship.
C) It is the right to peaceful demonstration.
D) It is the right to run for office and to vote.

Question 23

Thomas was pulled over by a police officer and,after a breathalyzer,was charged with impaired driving.Thomas appeared in court two weeks later.He was fined $600 and his license was suspended for a year.Which state institutions did Thomas personally encounter as a result of this incident?

A) media and judiciary
B) judiciary and executive
C) coercive apparatus and judiciary
D) media and the bureaucracy

Question 24

In the class discussion about the relationship between state and civil society,Simone asserted that Canada was being run and controlled by big business with no regard for the needs of the average citizen.What theoretical perspective has Simone adopted?

A) pluralist
B) elite
C) Marxist
D) power-balance

Question 25

Sergei and his friends wanted to create a recycling program in a small rural community.They convinced many people of the potential benefits that could result from their ideas and gained their support for moving forward.If Sergei and his friends use this support to obtain the authority to complete the task,what will Sergei and his friends have created?

A) anarchy
B) political party
C) social movement
D) popular protest

Question 26

According to the frame alignment typology,what happens to individual interests,beliefs,and values in social movements?

A) They either complement the movement or they fail to do so.
B) They correspond to the interests of the movement leaders.
C) They contribute to increased membership in social movements.
D) They do not correspond to the interests of the movement leaders.

Question 27

What is civil society?

A) It is the structure of the government in society.
B) It is the maintenance of social order by threat.
C) It is the manners and civility of citizens.
D) It is the private,nonstate sphere of social life.

Question 28

According to the text,what happens in a society where power is widely distributed?

A) There is more conflict in society.
B) The lower classes are better off.
C) There is more democracy.
D) Lobbyists are more powerful.

Question 29

What is the collective term for the set of institutions that formulate and carry out a country's laws,policies,and binding regulations?

A) state
B) political process
C) government
D) civil society

Question 30

A young Canadian activist attends a summit meeting of the world's top economic powers in Quebec City.He is protesting peacefully when the police pepper spray the crowd and arrest him;he then complains that his rights are being violated.What rights is he invoking in his complaint?

A) his rights afforded in civil citizenship
B) his rights to self-determination
C) his rights to be informed of his crime
D) his rights to call on legal representation

Question 31

Social movements often used their power to expand the rights of citizens and this expansion of rights has occurred in stages.What was the first stage of this process?

A) The movement focused on social citizenship.
B) The movement to acquire political citizenship rights.
C) The movement promoting universal citizenship.
D) The movement aimed at civil citizenship rights.

Question 32

Bonito was furious because he could not get a job after immigrating to Canada despite the education and experience obtained in his country of origin.He launched a group protest by new immigrants who were having similar problems finding good jobs that they felt they deserved.It was not hard to find others to join his cause because they all were experiencing the same phenomenon.What is this phenomenon called?

A) relative deprivation
B) mobilization challenges
C) elite control
D) labour inequality

Question 33

Petar was discussing the American "Declare Yourself" television commercials and campaign with a few of his friends.He explained that the goal was to encourage the participation of people in the electoral process.When asked why this was necessary,what would he respond?

A) The United States requires that you declare who you will be voting for prior to the election so that predictions can be made regarding election outcomes.
B) The United States has a compulsory voting system.
C) The United States has a smaller pool of eligible voters than other democracies due to its law that requires citizens to register themselves before an election.
D) The United States wants to maintain its distinction of having the highest voter turnout in Western countries.

Question 34

George and several of his close friends work for Environment Canada as biologists,or teach environmental technology courses at universities and colleges.They have formed an action committee with the purpose of saving the northern tundra from diamond mining companies.What kind of social activists are they?

A) social citizenship activists
B) power balance theorists
C) revolutionary environmentalists
D) new social movement activists

Question 35

A commentator on the war in Iraq maintains that the elites of the United States in government,industry,and the military have acted in their own interests to wage a war that has made them rich.Whose interests was the commentator referring to?

A) union leaders
B) working class
C) freedom lovers
D) ruling class

Question 36

What is the ultimate seat of power in Canadian society?

A) the state
B) the Prime Minister's office
C) the Supreme Court of Canada
D) public opinion

Question 37

A critic of Western culture says U.S.involvement in Iraq is nothing but a thinly disguised sham for American imperialism led by senior government officials,corporate contractors,and military leaders.Which theoretical perspective would endorse this analysis?

A) state-centred theory
B) power-balance theory
C) pluralist theory
D) elite theory

Question 38

What is the term for collective attempts to change all or part of the social order?

A) social movements
B) social revolutions
C) civil disobedience
D) civil rights

Question 39

How can the current rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Muslim countries be explained?

A) by sociobiological theories
B) by the rise of anti-imperialist sentiments
C) by the inequitable distribution of the world's wealth
D) by the increasing intellectual influence of the ideas of European enlightenment

Question 40

Which group of individuals would be least likely to participate in a new social movement?

A) educators from secondary and postsecondary institutions
B) the CEOs of major corporations
C) members of the actors and writers guild
D) executive directors of the Children's Aid Society

Question 41

What have studies by Clement,Olsen,and Brym shown about Canada's elites?

A) The military is controlled by the economic elite.
B) Most of the political elite are from upper- and upper-middle-class families.
C) The judiciary comes almost exclusively from the upper class.
D) The economic elite is in charge of the judiciary.

Question 42

How does the text define authority?

A) as coercive power
B) as tacit power
C) as legitimate power
D) as cooperative power

Question 43

Anneliese worked hard to protest the plans for a new shopping mall about to be built on parkland.She convinced 1,000 people to demonstrate against the proposal and ultimately the mall was built in another location,not on parkland.What had Anneliese successfully created?

A) anarchy
B) authority
C) a social movement
D) a popular protest

Question 44

After the flood,300 people who had been displaced from their homes realized that only poor neighbourhoods had been flooded,and that the rich neighbourhoods had been protected from the water.The next day,the 300 displaced people marched on government offices,demanding an explanation.Which theory is supported by this event?

A) resource mobilization
B) relative deprivation
C) power-balance
D) Marxist

Question 45

Which statement would power-balance theorists support?

A) There is a balance of power between workers and capitalists in Western societies.
B) The distribution of power in society is natural and balanced.
C) The distribution of power in society does change,sometimes massively.
D) Power is likely to be greatly concentrated in the hands of the judiciary.

Question 46

At a rally in his small African village,Arapmoi passionately argues that all villagers should have the right to freely express themselves,the right to choose what religion they would like to practise,and justice before the law.What is Arapmoi promoting?

A) cultural engagement
B) political participation
C) social citizenship
D) civil citizenship

Question 47

Dariya was arrested when she was found spray-painting protest messages on the walls of a new factory that was approved by the local government.Which branch of government will decide how to deal with Dariya's actions?

A) legislative
B) executive
C) judiciary
D) administrative

Question 48

In Canada,approximately what percentage of nonagricultural workers is unionized?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Question 49

The federal election was fast approaching and Jeremy made a significant monetary contribution to a political party's campaign.When his wife Leesa found out,she angrily stated,"They don't need our money! They have received more than enough from everyone else!" To which Canadian party did Jeremy contribute?

A) Liberal party
B) Conservative party
C) NDP
D) Green party

Question 50

In a class presentation on "Violence against Women," Geena argued that intimate partner violence is the result of a societal patriarchal ideology and the accompanying male domination within a family.Which feminist stance provides the basis for Geena's position?

A) radical feminism
B) liberal feminism
C) socialist feminism
D) postmodern feminism

Question 51

Which group of people is least likely to be attracted to the new social movements?

A) business people
B) journalists
C) students
D) teachers

Question 52

What is the term for power that has been legitimized?

A) authority
B) oppression
C) politics
D) superordination

Question 53

What is a social movement?

A) a pattern of immigration and emigration
B) a secret society promoting the interests of members
C) an ongoing attempt to engage citizens in the use of social media
D) an attempt to change part of or all of the social order

Question 54

Which type of theorist would contend that democracy is guaranteed when no sole/single group of people is able to control politics?

A) nihilist
B) elitist
C) anarchist
D) pluralist

Question 55

For her term paper,Dominique is required to adopt a structuralist Marxist perspective and discuss the interplay between society and capitalism.Which of the following would be her key premise?

A) The state is independent of all class rule and acts in its own interests.
B) The nature of capitalism itself causes the state to act in the interests of capitalists.
C) The state is an instrument in the hands of big business.
D) The state is structured in a way that promotes the interests of the working class.

Question 56

On any given day,the media is filled with stories about multiple competing interests;for example: gay rights activists versus dominant heterosexual views,pro-choice versus anti-abortion advocates,and feminists against male chauvinists.Which perspective supports this view of power in society?

A) elitist theory
B) pluralist theory
C) power-balance theory
D) state-centred theory

Question 57

Homeless people are a constituency largely without a voice.However,until an organization such as Canada Without Poverty can coherently organize this constituency to become an effective source for change,the poor will remain poor.Which theoretical perspective would endorse this statement?

A) resource-mobilization theory
B) power-balance theory
C) relative-deprivation theory
D) state-centred theory

Question 58

In 2015,the New Democratic Party was elected to a majority government in Alberta,ousting the Progressive Conservatives who had won every provincial election since 1971.Which theory can does this event provide supporting evidence for?

A) elitist
B) state-centred
C) Marxist
D) power-balance

Question 59

The local Member of Parliament voted against a proposed new tax on corporations because she believed that such a tax might cause some companies to move their operations out of the country,and the government could be held responsible for lost jobs.Which analysis of the situation would the MP's reasoning represent?

A) instrumentalist
B) structuralist
C) pluralist
D) elitist

Question 60

Sasha had never thought of herself as an activist until she had a tour of the public school located in an upscale neighbourhood of her city.After seeing the state-of-the-art computer lab,she became outraged that the school her daughter attended did not even have a computer in the classrooms.Consequently,she organized a parents' group to petition the school board for funding in order to construct a computer lab in their neighbourhood public school.Which concept could be used in order to understand Sasha's actions?

A) resource mobilization
B) political citizenship
C) civil citizenship
D) relative deprivation

Question 61

Salim has a television show on local cable that tells people about injustices in their neighbourhoods.What aspect of society would this media outlet for injustice be part of?

A) civil society
B) informative branch
C) anarchy
D) free speech

Question 62

Which term refers to a citizen's right to a certain level of economic security and public participation?

A) civil citizenship
B) economic citizenship
C) political citizenship
D) social citizenship

Question 63

Ming wrote a letter to her Member of Parliament complaining about the lack of services for street youth in the city.What social group does Ming most likely belong to?

A) lower class
B) upper class
C) students
D) not-for-profit professionals

Question 64

Who would say that the distribution of power in society changes significantly and frequently?

A) elite theorists
B) pluralist theorists
C) power-balance theorists
D) state-centred theorists

Question 65

Which theory would support the thesis that people are most likely to rebel when rising expectations are met by an abrupt decline in social rewards?

A) anarchist
B) relative solidarity
C) relative deprivation
D) strain

Question 66

Which group benefits the most when the working class is cohesive?

A) women
B) men
C) businesses
D) politicians

Question 67

In 2008,the Conservative federal government released a "green plan" calling for a 20 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.This was done to stem criticism by the Liberal opposition about government inaction on the environment.Which theoretical perspective has an analysis of governing action that fits this example?

A) state-centred theory
B) resource mobilization theory
C) relative-deprivation theory
D) power-balance theory

Question 68

How have social movements in "the other 85 percent" of the world developed differently from those in industrialized countries?

A) They have accelerated the development of civil society infrastructure.
B) They had established democracies long before Europe and North America.
C) They have been slow to develop social movements because everyone is poor.
D) They focused more on elemental human rights and freedom from colonial rule.

Question 69

Paul and Mary were having a heated political discussion and Paul asserted "Sure,the United States is a democracy-but just remember that democracy means mob rule by the power elites." Who was Paul referring to?

A) bureaucrats,statisticians,and elected officials
B) socialists,pluralists,and democrats
C) CEOs,union leaders,and judges
D) corporate,political,and military leaders

Question 70

At its inception,the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)consisted of an alliance between two groups.What were the two groups?

A) tertiary sector and unionized industrial workers
B) farmers and workers
C) organized farmers and nonunionized workers
D) workers and union leaders

Question 71

David is a staunch believer in the medicinal properties of marijuana and wants to become a licensed producer in order to provide quality marijuana to those with a medical need.He is becoming exceedingly annoyed with the deluge of forms,rules,and never-ending regulations that are in place and is unsure where to direct his frustration.Which of the following has the ultimate authority and responsibility to regulate the process that David is experiencing?

A) Health Canada
B) court system
C) Prime Minister's office
D) state

Question 72

Which theory holds that social movements can emerge only when disadvantaged people can marshal the means necessary to challenge authority?

A) pluralist
B) resource mobilization
C) power balance
D) power elite

Question 73

When did Canadian women win the right to vote in federal elections?

A) 1912
B) 1918
C) 1925
D) 1940

Question 74

What does the Marxist critique of elite theory argue?

A) There are no real elites because of the heterogeneity of political groups.
B) The working classes are the true elites.
C) Voter participation among elites is very low in most democracies.
D) Elites form a ruling class dominated by big business.

Question 75

In 2011,the New Democratic Party formed the official opposition in Parliament for the first time in Canadian history.Which theory can be supported by this evidence?

A) elitist
B) state-centred
C) Marxist
D) power-balance

Question 76

What observation concerning political involvement is supported by numerous surveys?

A) It decreases in the lower social classes.
B) It decreases in the Western provinces.
C) It increases in the lower social classes.
D) It decreases in the Atlantic provinces.

Question 77

Which approach would claim that we live in a heterogeneous society with many competing interests and centres of power?

A) economist
B) liberal
C) elitist
D) pluralist

Question 78

The fact that women,new immigrants,and people from the lower social classes generally are rarely represented politically is the basis for the critique of which theory?

A) state-centred model
B) pluralist model
C) power-resource model
D) elite model

Question 79

Who is credited with initiating the Occupy Wall Street movement?

A) sociologist C.Wright Mills
B) Kalle Lasn,editor of Adbusters
C) feminist Andrea Dworkin
D) Mike Davis,Marxist writer and political activist

Question 80

Which statement summarizes a belief of elite theorists?

A) Small groups occupy the command posts of society.
B) Power is widely distributed among small groups of people.
C) Everyone has a chance to become a member of the ruling class.
D) Only the educated elite should have the right to govern.