Deck 22: World War I: the End of Enlightenment

Question 1

Who developed Germany's war plan?

A)Count Alfred von Schlieffen
B)Kaiser William II
C)Sir Edward Grey
D)Erich Ludendorff
E)Emperor George V

Answer 1

Count Alfred von Schlieffen

Question 2

The Spartacist League led an unsuccessful pro-Bolshevik movement after the war in

A)Germany.
B)France.
C)Ireland.
D)England
E)the United States.

Answer 2

Germany.

Question 3

What three nations made up the Central Powers?

A)Turkey,Austria,Germany
B)Poland,Finland,Switzerland
C)Spain,France,Serbia
D)Britain,Italy,France
E)Russia,Germany,Italy

Answer 3

Turkey,Austria,Germany

Question 4

The Big Four at the Versailles Conference were France,Britain,United States and

A)Italy.
B)Poland.
C)Spain.
D)Switzerland.
E)Russia.

Question 5

The first two years of combat did not prove to be successful for the Germans so they decided to break France's will to fight by destroying

A)Verdun.
B)Paris.
C)Amiens.
D)Lyon.
E)Brussels.

Question 6

The Bolshevik Revolution led to a "Red Scare" in 1919 as government agencies trampled civil liberties in search of radicals in

A)the United States.
B)France.
C)Germany.
D)Russia.
E)Italy.

Question 7

Once Serbia became independent of the Ottoman Empire,they turned their nationalist energies against

A)Austria.
B)Poland.
C)Russia.
D)Finland.
E)Italy.

Question 8

Who was the leader of Arab troops when they combined with British forces to push back the Turks?

A)T)E.Lawrence
B)Winston Churchill
C)Lord Hardinge
D)Tsar Nicholas II
E)Kaiser William II

Question 9

World War I started when

A)the Habsburg Empire declared war on Serbia.
B)the Ottoman Empire declared war on Serbia.
C)the Russian Empire declared war on Serbia.
D)Germany declared war on the Russian Empire
E)Serbia declared war on Germany

Question 10

Lenin believed that a true Marxist revolution could take place in Russia even though the country lacked a/n

A)industrial working class.
B)peasant population.
C)dedicated socialist vanguard.
D)education system.
E)military elite.

Question 11

What was Russia not prepared for as they entered the conflict in the Balkans?

A)modern mechanized warfare
B)fighting in mountainous terrain
C)American intervention in the war
D)the war ending before they could take an active role
E)outbreaks of diseases among the troops

Question 12

Who assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife?

A)Gavrilo Princip
B)Guiseppe Mazzini
C)Bertrand Russell
D)George Shaw
E)T)E.Lawrence

Question 13

By 1918,in most countries,what percentage of the workforce was female?

A)one-third
B)one-quarter
C)one-half
D)two-thirds
E)three-quarters

Question 14

The Treaty of Versailles assigned responsibility for the war to

A)Germany and her allies.
B)England and her allies.
C)the United States.
D)all fighting nations equally.
E)Serbia.

Question 15

In 1917,the Balfour Declaration supported the creation of a Jewish homeland in

A)Palestine.
B)Arabia.
C)North Africa.
D)the Balkans.
E)southern Germany.

Question 16

In early 1917,Germany risked bringing the United States into the war by

A)resuming unrestricted submarine warfare.
B)sinking the Lusitania.
C)invading Mexico.
D)cutting off all trade with the United States.
E)murdering civilians in Amritsar,India.

Question 17

The area of trenches that was surrounded by barbed wire,heavy artillery,and poisonous gas was commonly termed

A)no man's land.
B)the war wastelands.
C)deadlock alley.
D)destruction point.
E)the disaster plan.

Question 18

Which of the following did U.S.citizens of English descent tend to support in the war?

A)Britain and its allies
B)the Central Powers
C)neutrality in any conflict
D)any movement to stop the conflict
E)an armed truce to stay out of war

Question 19

After World War I,millions of people were killed worldwide by an epidemic of

A)influenza.
B)smallpox.
C)polio.
D)diphtheria.
E)cholera.

Question 20

John Reed was an American writer who published an eyewitness account of the

A)November Revolution.
B)Battle of Verdun.
C)assassination of Franz Ferdinand.
D)sinking of the Lusitania.
E)negotiations at Versailles.

Question 21

The bloody trench warfare of World War I was a result of

A)unimaginative military leaders who disregarded heavy casualties.
B)the lack of effective weapons on either side.
C)both sides' refusal to come out into the open and fight.
D)soldiers' thirst for heroic glory for their nation.
E)the superiority of offensive over defensive tactics.

Question 22

What did the Arabs expect in return if they turned against the Ottoman sultan?

A)assistance in creating an Arab state
B)excess food and water for Arab citizens
C)heavy war artillery for Arab protection
D)military training for all Arab forces
E)inclusion in fighting in World War I

Question 23

In 1917,which of these actions did German strategists determine must occur if they wanted to win the war?

A)Allied supply lines from America must be cut.
B)Germany had to recruit more soldiers.
C)The German fleet of ships must take reign over the sea.
D)The Central Powers must capture the capital city of France.
E)The Allied forces must turn against each other.

Question 24

Why did the Austrian annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina cause consternation in Belgrade?

A)The population in this area was ethnically related to the Serbs.
B)Serbia had now lost the majority of its soldiers.
C)The people of these areas were expected to plan a revolt against the Serbs.
D)Serbs began to think a different religion would be forced into the area.
E)The Serbs feared these areas would side with the opponent during conflict.

Question 25

At Versailles,Woodrow Wilson and Georges Clemenceau

A)had irreconcilable agendas.
B)teamed up to outvote the other Allies.
C)agreed that Germany should not be punished.
D)saw Britain as the greatest long-term threat to peace.
E)shared an idealistic view of the world.

Question 26

The formation of the Triple Alliance

A)frightened Russia,France and Britain into resolving their differences.
B)ensured that Germany's eastern frontier would be secure.
C)led immediately to the outbreak of World War I.
D)signaled that Germany and England had resolved their differences.
E)played no role in the events leading up to World War I.

Question 27

The murder of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife caused

A)Vienna to crush the separatist movement in Bosnia.
B)the Schlieffen Plan to be executed.
C)Germany to attack France from the rear.
D)Russia to take on a nationalist movement.
E)the United States to enter World War I.

Question 28

What economist argued that the new German government was incapable of meeting the reparations demands of Britain and France?

A)John Maynard Keynes
B)Barbara Tuchman
C)Woodrow Wilson
D)Winston Churchill
E)T)E.Lawrence

Question 29

What catch phrase did Woodrow Wilson use to describe World War I?

A)"the war to make the world safe for democracy"
B)"the war to end all wars"
C)"the sword is drawn and together we will win"
D)"the war that should never have been"
E)"a just war settled by a just peace"

Question 30

In 1914,the German Schlieffen Plan

A)appeared successful at first but failed after the Battle of the Marne.
B)would have succeeded without American intervention in the war.
C)showed that the war would be over by Christmas.
D)showed that modern war could be fought with few casualties.
E)was never executed out of fear of provoking Britain to declare war.

Question 31

What did Allied democratic politicians promise voters as more and more casualties occurred?

A)punishment of the enemy after victory was achieved
B)an increase in home-front security measures
C)more food supplies
D)cheaper taxes after the war ended
E)withdrawal of most troops from the combat front

Question 32

What was Germany's purpose of using U-boats?

A)to prevent food and supplies from reaching Britain
B)to secretly gain entrance to Great Britain
C)to spy on opposing nations' naval fleets
D)to hide from opposing nations' aircraft
E)to store heavy artillery supplies

Question 33

After the sinking of the Lusitania,how did Britain and France have a temporary advantage?

A)The German surface fleet was confined to port.
B)Allied sonar was developed for detecting U-boats.
C)Wilson declared that no American ships would cross the Atlantic.
D)Germany lost its ability to move troops by sea.
E)the United States immediately entered the war.

Question 34

How did liberal members of the Duma respond to demands that Russia withdraw from the war?

A)They believed they were still obligated to France and Britain.
B)They thought getting out of the war was necessary.
C)They wanted to fight until the Central Powers were eliminated.
D)They urged the government only to send in a reserve amount of troops.
E)They fought for the right for women to also be allowed to join the war effort.

Question 35

What was the main purpose of wartime governments intervening in the private sector?

A)to ensure everything was focused on the war effort
B)to ensure they were getting their proper cut of taxes
C)to prevent espionage in the workplace
D)to censure business publications
E)to hold down prices for consumer goods

Question 36

For what reason did the German High Command redeploy 100,000 troops,undermining the success of the Schlieffen Plan?

A)to respond to Russia's invasion of East Prussia
B)to deflect the United States' entry into the war
C)to prevent French troops from advancing into Italy
D)to calm the growing concerns of citizens in Austria
E)to receive training in modern mechanized warfare

Question 37

What was the campaign at Gallipoli designed to accomplish?

A)to eliminate the Turks from the war
B)to close Russian supply lines
C)to create a massive air strike against France
D)to damage French supply reserves
E)to assassinate the leader of the Allies

Question 38

What two territories that had been lost to Germany were restored to France by the Treaty of Versailles?

A)Alsace and Lorraine
B)Lille and Toulan
C)Rennes and Brest
D)Dijon and LeMans
E)Grenoble and Nice

Question 39

It took less than how many years before the Treaty of Versailles led to future conflict?

A)20 years
B)5 years
C)1 year
D)30 years
E)15 years

Question 40

Britain entered the war against Germany

A)after Germany invaded France through neutral Belgium.
B)as soon as Germany declared war on France.
C)after Germany invaded Russia.
D)to protect the Serbs from Austrian-German aggression.
E)after the sinking of the Lusitania.

Question 41

Oswald Spengler,writing after World War I,argued that

A)Europe had reached the end of its primacy.
B)Western civilization had proved its strength in the war.
C)Europe would continue to be an inspiration to the world.
D)Bolshevism was the wave of the future.
E)the League of Nations would be a new Roman Empire.

Question 42

What best describes what Woodrow Wilson wanted out of the League of Nations?

A)Future international disputes would be solved without violence.
B)Countries going against their allies would be severely punished.
C)New maps with new boundaries would be developed to assist peace treaties.
D)Money given during the war to countries would not need to be repaid.
E)All nations involved would have access to the most powerful warfare.

Question 43

What caused the resentment the Japanese had after the war had ended?

A)peacemakers' refusal to declare equality for all races
B)being blamed for causing the war
C)American racism toward the Japanese in Hawaii
D)the League of Nations' failure to invite Japan to join
E)being denied reparation payments

Question 44

Germany and her counterparts were forced to accept responsibility of the war according to the

Question 45

John Reed's reporting from Russia convinced many in the West that

A)dedicated communists were working to overthrow Western democracies.
B)they had nothing to fear from Russia.
C)Lenin was more interested in the Far East than Europe.
D)Reed was delusional and shouldn't be taken seriously.
E)Germany was a greater threat to postwar peace than Russia.

Question 46

To ensure that the old regime would not be restored,the Bolsheviks

A)murdered the tsar and his family.
B)made an alliance with the White Army.
C)divided up feudal holdings into private peasant farms.
D)promised to repay all tsarist debts.
E)launched a new military offensive against Germany.

Question 47

The Bolshevik government surrendered claims to Poland in the

Question 48

Why did Lenin organize the Comintern?

A)to provide leadership to various communist parties in Western Europe
B)to promote democratic reform across Europe
C)to reassure European leaders that he had no plans to spread Bolshevism outside Russia
D)to encourage revolutionaries in each country to seek their own solutions to problems
E)to focus his energies inward,on Russia alone

Question 49

Germany's war plan was developed by

Question 50

In addition to war fatalities,another 27 million deaths were attributed to

Question 51

Wilson's Fourteen Points would be best described as

A)idealistic,but ultimately unrealistic.
B)the blueprint followed at the Versailles Conference.
C)unrelated to the problems that had caused the war.
D)a plan for the harsh punishment of Germany.
E)a successful program for ensuring "peace without victors."

Question 52

The Schlieffen Plan and the Ludendorff Offensive

A)both failed to achieve their objectives and led to millions of causalities.
B)were the key Allied plans that led to their victory.
C)were successful Bolshevik plans for spreading the Revolution.
D)showed that Germany's defeat was due to a lack of military planning.
E)were Pershing's blueprints for American entry into the war.

Question 53

Under the postwar mandate system in the Middle East

A)the British and French treated lands slated for independence as colonies.
B)Arab nationalists were given the recognition they had demanded.
C)Ottoman control of the Middle East was restored.
D)the former Ottoman territories were disarmed.
E)the United States took over Germany's colonies.

Question 54

What did John Maynard Keynes correctly predict in his book The Economic Consequences of the Peace?

A)The Treaty of Versailles would lead to a new war in less than 20 years.
B)Germany would be unable to rebuild after the war.
C)Bolshevism would sweep across Europe.
D)Democracy in Europe was doomed.
E)Europe would enjoy generations of peace after the war.

Question 55

India's experience in World War I

A)fueled a postwar Indian independence movement.
B)showed Britain's concern for the welfare of her colonies.
C)left the country bankrupt from holding worthless Germany war bonds.
D)showed that colonies were of no use in supporting Britain's war effort.
E)showed the bankruptcy of Wilsonian principles.

Question 56

The Spartacist movement threatened postwar government in

Question 57

Why did the German government drive a hard bargain when negotiating with the Bolsheviks to end the war?

A)Germans sensed the Bolsheviks were weak.
B)Germans needed the Bolsheviks' postwar support.
C)Germans wanted Bolshevik support at Versailles.
D)Germans wanted the Bolsheviks to evacuate lands they had seized from Germany.
E)Germans wanted to restore the tsar.

Question 58

The biggest losers from World War I and its aftermath were

A)the great multinational empires.
B)merchants and bankers.
C)England and her allies.
D)nationalists.
E)people in the smaller European countries.

Question 59

The irony of the League of Nations is that

A)although Wilson proposed it,the United States never joined.
B)once Russia joined,it became a Bolshevik propaganda tool.
C)although formed by Europeans,it had it greatest success in non-European areas.
D)it became a military threat to member states who had supported it to promote peace.
E)none of the Allied victors would join it.

Question 60

Why was drawing a European map along nationalist lines particularly difficult?

A)Europe contained many national groups without geographic borders.
B)Nationalism mattered more to leaders than common people.
C)Too many different languages were spoken in Europe.
D)Countries had overlapping claims to the same territory.
E)New national states threatened to overpower existing states.