Question 1

Joanna is experiencing severe anxiety.Her psychiatrist attributes her disorder to a chemical imbalance.Her psychiatrist is using the ___________ of abnormality.&#10;A)psychoanalytic model&#10;B)intrapersonal model&#10;C)biological model&#10;D)behavioral model

Accepted Answer

The biological model attributes mental disorders to physical causes such as genetics, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities. In this case, Joanna's psychiatrist is using the biological model by focusing on the chemical imbalance as the cause of her severe anxiety.

Question 2

Sal has decreased levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in his frontal lobe areas.Which disorder might he be at risk of experiencing?&#10;A)antisocial personality disorder&#10;B)agoraphobia&#10;C)schizophrenia&#10;D)dissociative fugue

Accepted Answer

Low levels of dopamine in the frontal lobe areas have been linked to schizophrenia.

Question 3

Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear,and he sees demons attacking him,though no one else can see anything near him.Nick's symptoms are known as ______.

A)delusions
B)hallucinations
C)obsessions
D)compulsions

hallucinations

Accepted Answer

Nick's symptoms of hearing voices and seeing things that aren't there are characteristic of hallucinations, which are perceptions that occur without corresponding external stimuli.

Question 4

According to the biological perspective,generalized anxiety disorder is_________.&#10;A)a danger signal that repressed conflicts are threatening to surface&#10;B)a learned reaction&#10;C)the result of illogical,irrational thought processes&#10;D)linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system

Accepted Answer

The biological perspective suggests that generalized anxiety disorder is linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system.

Question 5

Which of the following culture-bound disorders is most commonly seen in Latin America?&#10;A)ataque de nervios&#10;B)koro&#10;C)anorexia nervosa&#10;D)amok

Accepted Answer

Ataque de nervios is a culture-bound syndrome that is most commonly observed in Latin America. It is characterized by sudden outbursts of emotions, including crying, trembling, and uncontrollable shouting.

Question 6

People with ______ disorders have an excessively rigid,maladaptive pattern of behavior and ways of relating to others.&#10;A)personality&#10;B)somatoform&#10;C)affective&#10;D)schizophrenic

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders involve persistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are inflexible and deviate from cultural expectations, leading to distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Question 7

Which of the following perspectives claims that shaping may play a big role in the development of some cases of dissociative identity disorder?&#10;A)behavioral&#10;B)humanistic&#10;C)biological&#10;D)psychoanalytic

Accepted Answer

The behavioral perspective emphasizes the role of reinforcement and shaping in the development of psychopathology. Dissociative identity disorder involves the development of distinct, fragmented identities in response to traumatic experiences. Behavioral shaping may play a role in reinforcing the creation and maintenance of these identities as a coping mechanism.

Question 8

As a serious dancer,Justine watches what she eats.She knows that she is underweight,but fears that if she starts eating more that she will get fat.In addition to a preoccupation with food she has also stopped menstruating.Her behaviors suggest that she might be suffering from ________.

A)anorexia nervosa
B)bulimia nervosa
C)compulsive exercise
D)phobic disorder

Accepted Answer

Justine's preoccupation with food and fear of gaining weight, combined with her underweight status and cessation of menstruation, are all common symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Bulimia nervosa involves episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors, while compulsive exercise is not a recognized eating disorder but a behavior that may be associated with anorexia nervosa or other eating disorders. A phobic disorder involves an intense, irrational fear of a particular object or situation.

Question 9

Dr.Nwoambi is a psychologist who is currently evaluating a new client.Dr.Nwoambi would most likely refer to the _________ to assist her in diagnosing her client's psychological disorder.&#10;A)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders&#10;B)Physician's Desk Reference&#10;C)Textbook of Psychological Disorders&#10;D)Textbook of Physiological Disorders

Accepted Answer

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the standard reference used by mental health professionals in the United States to diagnose and classify mental disorders. It provides criteria for specific diagnoses and is regularly updated to reflect the most current research and knowledge in the field. The Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) is a reference book that provides information on prescription drugs, not psychological disorders. Textbooks may contain information on psychological disorders, but the DSM is the primary reference used by clinicians for diagnosis. The Textbook of Physiological Disorders is not relevant to the diagnosis of psychological disorders.

Question 10

Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little sleep.In addition,she reports that her thoughts seem to be going fast-similar to watching three television shows at once.Padma most likely is experiencing ________.

A)a manic episode
B)a dysthymic episode
C)a loss of mental control
D)a psychotic break

Accepted Answer

Padma is exhibiting symptoms of a manic episode, which is a period of abnormally elevated or irritable mood, as well as increased energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, and an inability to concentrate on one task. This is a characteristic feature of bipolar disorder. None of the other options describe these symptoms accurately.

Deck 15: Appendix A2: Statistics in Psychology