Question 1

A psychological test that measures what we intend it to measure is said to be ______________.&#10;A)valid&#10;B)normed&#10;C)reliable&#10;D)standardized

Accepted Answer

A psychological test that measures what we intend it to measure is called valid. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of a measurement over time or across different test items, whereas norming and standardization refer to the process of establishing the performance standards or norms for a test.

Question 2

____________ intelligence has been suggested by Goleman to be a more powerful influence on life than more traditional views.&#10;A)Analytical intelligence&#10;B)Creative intelligence&#10;C)Emotional intelligence&#10;D)none of these

Accepted Answer

In his book "Emotional Intelligence," Goleman argues that emotional intelligence, or the ability to perceive, understand, and regulate one's own emotions and the emotions of others, is a more powerful influence on life than traditional views of intelligence, such as analytical or creative intelligence. Therefore, the correct choice is C) Emotional intelligence.

Question 3

What problem-solving strategies don't guarantee solutions but make efficient use of time?&#10;A)heuristics&#10;B)algorithms&#10;C)mnemonic devices&#10;D)cognitive shortcuts

Accepted Answer

Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that don't guarantee a solution but make efficient use of time by using educated guesses or rules of thumb. Algorithms, on the other hand, are step-by-step procedures that are guaranteed to produce a solution if followed correctly. Mnemonic devices are memory aids that help people remember information, and cognitive shortcuts are mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that help people make quick decisions but may not always lead to the best solution.

Question 4

At the current time,which statement is true about our knowledge of whether animals can use humanlike language?&#10;A)It has been clearly shown that animals cannot use humanlike language.&#10;B)All animal communication is instinctual and,thus,is not language.&#10;C)Only primates,like monkey and chimps,show any sign of language-like behavior.&#10;D)It is still unclear if animals can show humanlike language at any level of development.

Accepted Answer

Although some animals, particularly primates, have shown signs of language-like behavior, it is still unclear if they are capable of using humanlike language at any level of development. The research in this area is ongoing and inconclusive. Therefore, option D is the most accurate statement about our current knowledge of animal language abilities.

Question 5

All parents think their little kids are geniuses.However,to be classified as a genius,the IQ score must be above __________.&#10;A)120&#10;B)130&#10;C)140&#10;D)150

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 140 or above is generally considered to be in the genius range.

Question 6

If intelligence is determined primarily by heredity,which pair should show the highest correlation between IQ scores?&#10;A)fraternal twins&#10;B)identical twins&#10;C)brothers and sisters&#10;D)parents and children

Accepted Answer

Identical twins have the highest genetic similarity, so if intelligence is primarily determined by heredity, they should show the highest correlation in IQ scores. Studies have found that identical twins raised apart still show a significant correlation in their IQ scores, supporting the idea that genetics play a major role in determining intelligence.

Question 7

A seemingly arbitrary flash &#34;out of the blue,&#34; through which the solution to a problem suddenly becomes apparent to you,but you do not consciously know how you &#34;figured it out,&#34; is called ______.&#10;A)brainstorming&#10;B)priming&#10;C)insight&#10;D)a mental set

Accepted Answer

This describes the phenomenon of "insight," which is characterized by a sudden understanding or solution to a problem without conscious awareness of the mental processes that led to that understanding. Brainstorming and priming are more deliberate and conscious problem-solving techniques, while a mental set refers to a tendency to approach problems in a particular way based on past experience or preconception.

Question 8

A person starts from one point and comes up with many different ideas or possibilities based on that point.The person is engaging in ______.&#10;A)functional thinking&#10;B)circular thinking&#10;C)convergent thinking&#10;D)divergent thinking

Accepted Answer

The person is coming up with multiple ideas or possibilities based on one point, which is characteristic of divergent thinking. Functional thinking focuses on practical solutions to a problem, circular thinking goes in circles without progress, and convergent thinking narrows down to a single solution.

Question 9

In Kosslyn's &#34;imaginary island&#34; study,researchers found that it does take longer to view a mental image that _____________.&#10;A)is larger or covers more distance than one that is smaller and more compact&#10;B)has more items in it&#10;C)has more colors in it&#10;D)contains living things as compared to nonliving items

Accepted Answer

The study found that it takes longer to view a mental image that is larger or covers more distance than one that is smaller and more compact, as this requires more mental scanning.

Question 10

What are the smallest units of meaning in a language?&#10;A)words&#10;B)syntax&#10;C)phonemes&#10;D)morphemes

Accepted Answer

Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning in a language. They are the building blocks of words and can be combined to create new words or change the meaning of existing words. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language and are important for pronunciation, while words and syntax are larger units of language that convey meaning and sentence structure.

Deck 8: B: Cognition