Question 1

One major danger of barbiturates is ________________.&#10;A)overstimulation&#10;B)hyperactivity&#10;C)drug interaction&#10;D)sleepwalking

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates can have dangerous interactions with other drugs, such as opioids and alcohol, leading to respiratory depression and even death. Therefore, it is important to be cautious when using barbiturates and to avoid combining them with other substances without medical supervision.

Question 2

Interpretation of the ________ content of a dream is expected to reveal the ________ content.&#10;A)latent;manifest&#10;B)manifest;latent&#10;C)manifest;sublimated&#10;D)metaphorical;denotative

Accepted Answer

The interpretation of the manifest content of a dream (what is actually remembered and reported) is expected to reveal the latent content (the hidden psychological meaning).

Question 3

Mental activities that differ noticeably from normal waking consciousness are known as ______.&#10;A)hyperconsciousness&#10;B)unconscious states&#10;C)relaxed wakefulness&#10;D)altered states of consciousness

Accepted Answer

Altered states of consciousness refer to mental activities that deviate from the norm of normal waking consciousness, such as sleep, dreams, hypnosis, meditation, and drug-induced states. These states typically involve changes in perception, thinking, emotion, and/or behavior. Hyperconsciousness and relaxed wakefulness are not common terms used to describe altered states of consciousness, and unconscious states typically refer to complete lack of awareness, rather than altered forms of awareness.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true concerning cocaine use in the United States?&#10;A)During the Civil War,many Confederate soldiers bought cocaine from Union soldiers.&#10;B)At one time,cocaine was an ingredient in Coca-Cola.&#10;C)Cocaine was used by early Greek philosophers.&#10;D)One of the powerful addictive ingredients in cocaine is heroin.

Accepted Answer

At one time, cocaine was an ingredient in Coca-Cola. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Coca-Cola contained trace amounts of cocaine. However, it was removed from the recipe in the early 1900s.

Question 5

Heroin addiction has been treated with _____________.&#10;A)morphine&#10;B)LSD&#10;C)methadone&#10;D)amphetamines

Accepted Answer

Methadone is a drug commonly used to treat heroin addiction. It helps to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms, allowing individuals to slowly taper off of heroin. Morphine and amphetamines are not typically used for heroin addiction treatment, and LSD is not an effective treatment for any type of addiction.

Question 6

This early researcher did a study that seemed to suggest that people deprived of REM sleep would become paranoid,seemingly mentally ill,from lack of this one stage of sleep.&#10;A)Freud&#10;B)Dement&#10;C)Jung&#10;D)James

Accepted Answer

The early researcher mentioned in the question is likely referring to Dr. William Dement, who conducted a series of experiments on REM sleep deprivation in the 1960s. One of these studies involved keeping participants awake for several nights in a row and observing their behavior. Dement found that participants who were deprived of REM sleep eventually became irritable, anxious, and even paranoid, suggesting that this stage of sleep is essential for regulating mood and mental health.

Question 7

Upon just waking up,you report a vivid visual event.What term do psychologists use for such phenomena?&#10;A)hypnotic illusion&#10;B)positive hallucination&#10;C)hypnagogic hallucination&#10;D)hypnopompic image

Accepted Answer

Hypnopompic images are vivid visual events that occur upon waking up, distinguishing them from hypnagogic hallucinations, which occur while falling asleep.

Question 8

Which of the following neurotransmitters are associated with alcohol?&#10;A)GABA&#10;B)acetylcholine&#10;C)endorphins&#10;D)adrenalin

Accepted Answer

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and is closely associated with the effects of alcohol. Alcohol enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA, which can lead to relaxation and sedation. No research has found direct evidence linking acetylcholine, endorphins, or adrenaline to alcohol.

Question 9

Melatonin is a _______________.&#10;A)hormone&#10;B)sleeping pill&#10;C)depressant&#10;D)stimulant

Accepted Answer

Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced in the pineal gland of the brain that regulates sleep and wake cycles.

Question 10

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness.He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground.Your friend is probably suffering from ____________.&#10;A)narcolepsy&#10;B)parasomnia&#10;C)REM rebound&#10;D)sleep apnea

Accepted Answer

The sudden and uncontrollable falling to the ground (cataplexy) is a classic symptom of narcolepsy, which is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and can also involve episodes of sudden muscle weakness or loss of muscle control (cataplexy), as well as vivid hallucinations and sleep paralysis. Parasomnia refers to abnormal behaviors during sleep, such as sleepwalking or night terrors. REM rebound is an increase in REM sleep after a period of sleep deprivation. Sleep apnea involves interrupted breathing during sleep and can cause daytime sleepiness, but does not typically involve sudden loss of muscle control.

Deck 5: B: Consciousness