Question 1

Hormones are___________.&#10;A)the female gonads&#10;B)chemicals released into the bloodstream by the endocrine glands&#10;C)chemicals found in the synaptic vesicles,which when released have an effect on the next cell&#10;D)the male gonads

Accepted Answer

Hormones are chemicals released into the bloodstream by the endocrine glands. They help regulate various physiological processes in the body, such as growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.

Question 2

Which part of the nervous system takes the information received from the senses,makes sense out of it,makes decisions,and sends commands out to the muscles and the rest of the body?&#10;A)spinal cord&#10;B)brain&#10;C)reflexes&#10;D)interneurons

Accepted Answer

The brain is responsible for taking in sensory information, processing it, making decisions based on that information, and sending commands to the muscles and the rest of the body. While the spinal cord may play a role in some of these processes, the brain is the main control center of the nervous system. Reflexes and interneurons are important components of the overall nervous system, but they do not exclusively handle all of the tasks described in the question.

Question 3

Which of the following regions contains the primary visual cortex?&#10;A)frontal lobe&#10;B)parietal lobe&#10;C)temporal lobe&#10;D)occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

The primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe, which is responsible for processing visual information. The frontal lobe is responsible for decision making and problem-solving, the parietal lobe processes sensory information from the body, and the temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing and memory.

Question 4

The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.&#10;A)brain;spinal cord&#10;B)autonomic;somatic nervous systems&#10;C)peripheral nervous system;central nervous system&#10;D)glands;muscles

Accepted Answer

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) are the two main divisions of the nervous system. The PNS consists of all nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord, while the CNS includes the brain and spinal cord. Choice A is incorrect because the brain and spinal cord are both part of the CNS. Choice B is incorrect because the autonomic and somatic nervous systems are two subdivisions of the PNS, not the main divisions of the entire nervous system. Choice D is incorrect because while glands and muscles are both involved in the nervous system, they do not represent the two main divisions of the nervous system.

Question 5

What part of the brain acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information?&#10;A)hypothalamus&#10;B)thalamus&#10;C)cerebellum&#10;D)pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

The thalamus acts as a relay station for incoming sensory information, processing and directing it to the appropriate areas of the brain for further interpretation and response.

Question 6

Which of the following neurotransmitters functions as a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?&#10;A)serotonin&#10;B)norepinephrine&#10;C)acetylcholine&#10;D)GABA

Accepted Answer

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) functions as a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. It helps to reduce neuronal activity and is involved in regulating anxiety, sleep, and muscle tone. Serotonin, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are mainly excitatory neurotransmitters.

Question 7

A brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain is called ______________.&#10;A)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)&#10;B)electroencephalography (EEG)&#10;C)positron-emission tomography (PET)&#10;D)computerized axial tomography (CT)

Accepted Answer

The brain-imaging method described in the question, which uses radio waves and magnetic fields to produce detailed images of the brain, is called magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). EEG (B) measures electrical activity in the brain, PET (C) involves injecting a radioactive tracer into the body to measure brain activity, and CT (D) uses X-rays to produce images of the brain.

Question 8

The part of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily arousal is called the ______________ nervous system.&#10;A)central&#10;B)somatic&#10;C)sympathetic&#10;D)parasympathetic

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes bodily arousal and reaction to stress. The central nervous system refers to the brain and spinal cord, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's rest and digest functions.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the right hemisphere?&#10;A)perception,expression of emotion,and recognition of patterns&#10;B)sense of time and rhythm&#10;C)speech,handwriting,and calculation&#10;D)language processing in most individuals

Accepted Answer

Perception, expression of emotion, and recognition of patterns are all functions primarily associated with the right hemisphere of the brain.

Question 10

Which part of the neuron is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell?&#10;A)axon&#10;B)soma&#10;C)dendrite&#10;D)cell membrane

Accepted Answer

The soma, or cell body, is responsible for maintaining the life of the cell by carrying out vital metabolic functions. It contains the nucleus and other organelles necessary for cellular processes. The axon is responsible for transmitting signals to other neurons or muscles, the dendrites receive signals from other neurons, and the cell membrane encloses and protects the cell. However, none of these are specifically responsible for maintaining the life of the cell like the soma.

Deck 3: A: The Biological Perspective