Deck 21: Collective Behavior and Social Movements

Question 1

In _____, fear that some evil threatens the well-being of society grips a large number of people. Hostility, and sometimes violence, is then directed toward those thought to be responsible.

A) a fad
B) role extension
C) moral panic
D) an urban legend

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Sociologists look at collective behavior as the actions of _____ people who are responding to _____ situations.

A) extraordinary; ordinary
B) extraordinary; extraordinary
C) ordinary; ordinary
D) ordinary; extraordinary

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The view that sociologists today take of crowd behavior is that it is

A) insane.
B) rational.
C) computer-controlled.
D) essentially a riot waiting to happen.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Turner and Killian (1987) speak of emergent norms as

A) an explanation of crowd behavior.
B) the minimax strategy.
C) an alternative to crowd behavior.
D) the antidote to negative crowd behavior.

Question 5

_____ is a novel form of behavior that briefly catches people's attention.

A) fashon
B) rumor
C) fad
D) urban legend

Question 6

In _____, an imagined threat causes physical symptoms among a large number of people.

A) mass hysteria
B) a riot
C) urban legends
D) role extension

Question 7

_____ refers to actions by a group of people who bypass the usual norms governing their behavior and do something unusual.

A) The individual mind
B) Collective behavior
C) An acting crowd
D) Milling

Question 8

When a role is stretched to include activities that were not originally part of that role, this is called

A) role extension.
B) mass hysteria.
C) a moral panic.
D) a fad.

Question 9

_____ is the condition of being so fearful that one cannot function normally and may even flee.

A) Rumor
B) Fashion
C) A fad
D) Panic

Question 10

In 1938, a radio dramatization of H.G. Wells' The War of the Worlds set off a(n)

A) rumor.
B) panic.
C) urban legend.
D) riot.

Question 11

The efforts people make to minimize their costs and maximize their rewards is referred to as

A) emergent norms.
B) exploiting.
C) the winner-take-all strategy.
D) the minimax strategy.

Question 12

LeBon used the term _____ for the tendency of people in a crowd to feel, think, and act in extraordinary ways.

A) mass hallucination
B) circular reaction
C) milling
D) collective mind

Question 13

Moral panics thrive on

A) certainty, confidence, and calm.
B) certainty, fear, and anxiety.
C) uncertainty, fortitude, and calm.
D) uncertainty, fear, and anxiety.

Question 14

The _____ set a crowd on a course of action.

A) exploiters
B) ego-involved
C) insecure
D) curious spectators

Question 15

_____ refers to a crowd standing or walking around as they talk excitedly about some event.

A) Milling
B) Collective dance
C) Circular reaction
D) An acting crown

Question 16

_____ is violent crowd behavior directed at people and property.

A) riot
B) panic
C) rumor
D) urban legend

Question 17

The distinction between a fad and a fashion is that

A) fashion involves foods whereas fads involve clothes.
B) they are different terms for the same thing.
C) fashions last longer than fads.
D) fads last longer than fashions.

Question 18

_____ is back-and-forth communication among members of a crowd whereby a collective impulse is transmitted.

A) Circular reaction
B) Acting crowd
C) Milling
D) Collective mind

Question 19

The reason that rumors thrive on ambiguity is because

A) they are true.
B) role extension is involved.
C) rumors fill in missing information.
D) the facts demand ambiguity.

Question 20

_____ is an excited group of people who move toward a goal.

A) circular reaction
B) acting crowd
C) passive crowd
D) collective mind

Question 21

Partial, rather than total, change is sought by which social movement?

A) Reformative
B) Redemptive
C) Transformative
D) Metaformative

Question 22

Some social change is promoted by a

A) cargo cult.
B) proactive social movement.
C) social movement of any type.
D) reactive social movement.

Question 23

A social movement that seeks to change people and institutions totally-to redeem them-is the _____ social movement.

A) reformative
B) transnational
C) redemptive
D) alternative

Question 24

_____ consist(s) of large numbers of people who are dissatisfied about things and organize either to promote or to resist social change.

A) Social movements
B) Gatekeepers
C) The public
D) Cargo cults

Question 25

The level of membership of a social movement that is most dedicated to the cause is the

A) less committed.
B) committed.
C) inner core.
D) sympathetic public.

Question 26

Transnational social movements focus on some condition that is

A) local.
B) regional.
C) national.
D) worldwide.

Question 27

A prophecy of impending calamity is involved in a(n)

A) millenarian social movement.
B) alternative social movement.
C) proactive social movement.
D) social movement organization.

Question 28

A _____ social movement resists some social change.

A) reactive
B) reformative
C) proactive
D) transformative

Question 29

The term _____ can be taken broadly, to refer to presenting information in an attempt to influence people; or narrowly, to refer to one-sided information used to try to influence people.

A) public opinion
B) gatekeeper
C) propaganda
D) social movement

Question 30

The gatekeepers to social movements are

A) the public.
B) the mass media.
C) government officials.
D) social movement organizations.

Question 31

_____ is a story with an ironic twist that sounds realistic but is false.

A) fad
B) urban legend
C) role extension
D) panic

Question 32

How people think about an issue is called

A) propaganda.
B) irrelevant when it comes to action.
C) public opinion.
D) one-sided.

Question 33

Cheryl strongly believed in animal rights, and joined an organization that wants to reform the ways in which society views and treats animals. The type of social movement Cheryl is part of is a

A) millenarian social movement.
B) cargo cult.
C) reformative social movement.
D) redemptive social movement.

Question 34

Just outside the third circle of members, and blending into it, is the _____ public.

A) hostile
B) sympathetic
C) unaware
D) disinterested

Question 35

The NAACP is an example of a

A) millenarian social movement.
B) social movement organization.
C) reactive social movement.
D) gatekeeper.

Question 36

ISIS is an example of a(n) _____ social movement, which seeks global change.

A) cargo cult
B) metaformative
C) alternative
D) reactive

Question 37

_____ social movement seeks to alter only some specific aspects of people and institutions.

A) redemptive
B) alternative
C) transformative
D) metaformative

Question 38

The _____ is (are) a dispersed group of people outside of a group's membership, who may or may not have an interest in the issue.

A) inner core
B) gatekeepers
C) propagandists
D) public

Question 39

The prophecy of the Melanesian Islanders' _____ was fulfilled.

A) transnational social movement
B) reformative social movement
C) cargo cult
D) metaformative social movement

Question 40

The target of change is _____ for transnational and metaformative social movements.

A) the individual
B) society
C) global
D) unspecified

Question 41

What are some of the tricks of the trade of propaganda-making?

Question 42

An agent provocateur is someone who

A) provides the catalyst for a revolution.
B) spies on a group or tries to sabotage it.
C) persuades a group to be reasonable.
D) helps to keep group members from being arrested.

Question 43

Who participates in riots?

Question 44

The abortion movement does not end because

A) the prochoice side is correct and is being threatened.
B) the prochoice and prolife sides energize each other.
C) no movement ever ends.
D) the prolife side is correct and is being threatened.

Question 45

What kinds of participants in a crowd did Turner and Killian (1987) identify?

Question 46

When people have enjoyed relatively good circumstances in life, and find their status and power declining, they join a social movement to protect their position, according to

A) relative deprivation theory.
B) ideological commitment theory.
C) declining privilege theory.
D) the Tea Party.

Question 47

Project Minerva, which uses university professors, is an example of the

A) agent provocateur concept.
B) addition of a new branch to the military.
C) militarization of social institutions.
D) protection of individual liberties.

Question 48

In what stage of a social movement is a division of labor set up?

A) Institutionalization
B) Initial unrest and agitation
C) Organization
D) Decline and death

Question 49

Most people seem to join social movements

A) because they have friends and acquaintances in the movement.
B) out of love of country.
C) to have fun.
D) to protect their privilege.

Question 50

De Tocqueville noted that both French and German peasants had lived in poverty, but only the French peasants overthrew their king in a revolution. The reason, de Tocqueville said, was that the living conditions of the French had been improving, while those of the Germans had not. Improved circumstances can fuel human desire for even greater advances, according to

A) declining privilege theory.
B) relative deprivation theory.
C) common sense.
D) ideological commitment theory.

Question 51

Sociologists have identified five stages in social movements. What are they?

Question 52

When people think in moral terms, choose sides, and join a social movement to do what they can to help right wrongs, this is because of

A) declining privilege theory.
B) escalating privilege theory.
C) relative deprivation theory.
D) ideological commitment.

Question 53

What are Blumer's five stages of an acting crowd?

Question 54

_____ means organizing and using resources-time, money, information, mailing lists, people's skills, people's emotions, smart phones, blogs, and tweets-to help a social movement succeed.

A) Initial unrest
B) Institutionalization
C) Organization
D) Resource mobilization

Question 55

In the institutionalization stage of social movements,

A) leaders emerge.
B) not much collective excitement remains.
C) resurgence occurs.
D) needed resources are located.