Deck 15: Politics

Question 1

The _____ is a political entity that claims a monopoly on the use of violence in a country.

A) charismatic authority
B) state
C) army
D) court

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Representative democracy uses _____ of the voters to discuss the issues and make decisions.

A) the rulers
B) representatives
C) children
D) friends

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_____ is the exercise of power and attempts to maintain or change power relations.

A) Micropolitics
B) Macropolitics
C) Power
D) Politics

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In a(n) _____, an individual has seized power.

A) direct democracy
B) dictatorship
C) oligarchy
D) representative democracy

Question 5

Joan of Arc is an example of a leader who had_____ authority.

A) charismatic
B) rational-legal
C) traditional
D) no

Question 6

_____, something new with the United States, is the concept that birth (and residence or naturalization) in a country imparts basic rights.

A) Revolution
B) Citizenship
C) Dictatorship
D) Totalitarianism

Question 7

In the early United States, _____ voted.

A) everyone
B) all men
C) all white men
D) all white men who owned property

Question 8

In a(n) _____ democracy, the eligible voters meet together to discuss issues and make their decisions.

A) indirect
B) representative
C) direct
D) totalitarian

Question 9

In a monarchy, the power to rule is passed on to the

A) ruler's friends.
B) ruler's children.
C) people.
D) charismatic leader.

Question 10

People reject the government's monopoly on violence, and claim the right for themselves, in a(n)

A) state.
B) exercise of traditional authority.
C) election.
D) revolution.

Question 11

_____ is a form of power that people do not accept as rightly exercised over them.

A) Legitimate power
B) Large-scale power
C) Authority
D) Coercion

Question 12

Because there is no rule for succession when a charismatic authority figure dies, the leader will sometimes name a successor or build an organization that can govern after the charismatic figure is gone. Weber called this transition of authority the

A) traditional authority.
B) routinization of charisma.
C) revolution.
D) best of all possible worlds.

Question 13

A feature of early societies was _____, the power of which radiated outward to adjacent areas that came under its rule.

A) representative democracy
B) revolutionary authority
C) universal citizenship
D) the city-state

Question 14

The exercise of large-scale power, as by the government, is

A) superpower.
B) macropower.
C) politics.
D) micropower.

Question 15

The ability to carry out one's will, even over the resistance of others, is called

A) power.
B) politics.
C) micropolitics.
D) macropolitics.

Question 16

Rational-legal authority is based upon

A) oral tradition.
B) coercion.
C) written rules.
D) custom.

Question 17

The term democracy literally means

A) all hail the king.
B) may the best man win.
C) common denominator.
D) power to the people.

Question 18

_____ refers to the exercise of power in everyday life, such as deciding who is going to do the housework or use the remote control.

A) Micropower
B) Power
C) Macropower
D) Politics

Question 19

Power that people consider rightly exercised over them is known as

A) coercion.
B) authority.
C) imposed control.
D) illegitimate power.

Question 20

Traditional authority-which is authority based on custom-is the hallmark of

A) preindustrial societies.
B) industrialized societies.
C) all states.
D) postindustrial societies.

Question 21

In its 2010 ruling on Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, the U.S. Supreme Court

A) opened the floodgate to corporate contributions of money to political candidates.
B) outlawed political contributions.
C) recognized that corporations are not people.
D) ruled that the First Amendment limits the amount of money that corporations can contribute to politicians.

Question 22

Complete this well-known quotation from Carl von Clausewitz (1918): "War is

A) hell."
B) a thing abhorred since the beginning of time."
C) merely a continuation of politics by other means."
D) what happens when all religious approaches have failed."

Question 23

Wright Mills used the term _____ to refer to the top people in U.S. corporations, the military, and politics who make the country's main decisions.

A) pluralism
B) power elite
C) autocracy
D) masses

Question 24

In _____, the diffusion of power among many different interest groups prevents any one group from gaining control of the government.

A) the conflict perspective
B) the power pyramid of C. Wright Mills
C) pluralism
D) anarchy

Question 25

In the last seven presidential elections in the United States, which age group voted the most, six out of the seven times?

A) 18-20
B) 25-34
C) 35-44
D) 65 and older

Question 26

Proportional representation

A) is a feature of preindustrial societies.
B) places lobbyists in the legislature.
C) gives 100% of the seats in a legislature to the party winning a majority of the popular vote.
D) divides seats in a legislature according to the proportion of votes received by each political party.

Question 27

In the last seven U.S. presidential elections, a majority of _____ have consistently voted for the Democratic candidate.

A) men
B) women
C) neither men nor women
D) both men and women

Question 28

In the United States, third parties

A) have consistently been successful.
B) must support the same centrist themes as Democrats and Republicans to play a role.
C) are illegal.
D) have to set themselves apart from the two main parties to play a role.

Question 29

The amount of control wielded over a people by totalitarianism is

A) almost total.
B) moderate.
C) very slight.
D) nonexistent.

Question 30

Conflict theorists take the position that _____ dominate(s) the United States.

A) lobbyists
B) functionalists
C) anarchy
D) a ruling class

Question 31

_____ is (are) a condition of lawlessness or political disorder caused by the absence or collapse of governmental authority.

A) Pluralism
B) Anarchy
C) Checks and balances
D) Functionalism

Question 32

Republicans and Democrats represent

A) radically different political parties.
B) the exact same viewpoint.
C) slightly different slices of the center.
D) extreme viewpoints.

Question 33

AARP, the American Cancer Society, and the League of Women Voters are examples of

A) lobbyists.
B) PACs.
C) special-interest groups.
D) third parties.

Question 34

A _____ is a government in which a country's largest party does not have enough votes to rule, and so aligns itself with one or more smaller parties to rule.

A) coalition government
B) third party
C) PAC
D) democracy

Question 35

In the largest wave of immigration to the United States, immigrants accounted for _____ of the population. Today, in the second largest wave, immigrants account for _____ of the population.

A) 1%; 6%
B) 9%; 12%
C) 15%; 12%
D) 31%; 44%

Question 36

The functionalist perspective on who should rule in society favors

A) individualism.
B) anarchy.
C) pluralism.
D) royalty.

Question 37

What is the difference between centrist and noncentrist parties?

A) Centrists are generally Democrats and noncentrists are frequently Republicans.
B) Both represent the same slice of the electorate, so there is really no difference.
C) In terms of political opinion, centrists represent the center and noncentrists represent ideas that are not at the center.
D) Noncentrist parties have a better chance of winning in the United States than centrist parties.

Question 38

The intention of _____ is to prevent any single branch of the U.S. government from dominating the government.

A) the conflict perspective
B) pluralism
C) checks and balances
D) anarchy

Question 39

A _____ is a person who influences legislation on behalf of his or her clients.

A) special-interest group
B) PAC
C) third-party supporter
D) lobbyist

Question 40

A small group of individuals holds power in a(n)

A) oligarchy.
B) representative democracy.
C) dictatorship.
D) direct democracy.

Question 41

In 2014 dollars, which of the following wars cost the most?

A) The American Revolution
B) The Civil War
C) World War II
D) The Iraq War

Question 42

War is _____ among societies.

A) universal
B) a modern invention
C) not universal
D) relatively uncommon

Question 43

A product of war is _____, which leads us to reduce people to objects that do not deserve the treatment accorded to human beings.

A) terrorism
B) drones
C) dehumanization
D) arms sales

Question 44

How can violence possibly be legitimate?

Question 45

Number one among the top 10 world arms sellers is

A) the United States.
B) China.
C) Russia.
D) France.

Question 46

According to Timasheff (1965), one of the three necessary conditions for a war to take place is

A) aggressive impulses.
B) a weaker nation's desire to dominate a stronger one.
C) an antagonistic situation.
D) a slight to the nation's honor.

Question 47

When it comes to deploying drones, the president is

A) uninvolved.
B) following American historical examples.
C) judge, jury, and executioner.
D) against the concept.

Question 48

_____ is armed conflict between nations or politically distinct groups.

A) Terrorism
B) War
C) Unrest
D) Civil disobedience

Question 49

Timasheff (1965) identified seven "fuels" that make war likely, including

A) shared religious beliefs with the enemy.
B) a cultural tradition of war.
C) revenge.
D) an antagonistic situation.

Question 50

Was the United States the first democracy? Or had other countries or peoples taken the same path?

Question 51

What are the two key distinctions between U.S. and European democracies?

Question 52

What are the levels of the power pyramid proposed by C. Wright Mills? Who makes up the different levels?

Question 53

The intent of terrorism is to produce _____ in order to obtain _____.

A) fear; political objectives
B) chaos; order
C) fear; reconciliation
D) alarm; attention

Question 54

Despite disunity and bloodshed, a sign of an effort at unity among nations is the

A) relationship between Russia and Ukraine.
B) United Nations.
C) new Cold War.
D) decline of China.

Question 55

How does social integration relate to the proportion of people likely to vote?