Deck 31: Infection, Inflammation, and Cirrhosis of the Liver

Question 1

Which condition is commonly seen in the case of protein loss in clients with liver cirrhosis?
1) Pruritus
2) Muscle wasting
3) Hypersplenism
4) Skin telangiectasias

Answer 1

3

Question 2

What reason does the nurse suspect for the change of urine color in a client with liver disease?
1) Failure of bilirubin to reach intestine
2) Accumulation of bilirubin in the bloodstream
3) Accumulation of bile salts in the bloodstream
4) Infiltration of liver with fat

Answer 2

2

Question 3

While assessing a client who has liver dysfunction, the nurse finds that the client has shifting abdominal dullness. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client?
1) Ascites
2) Splenomegaly
3) Spider angiomata
4) Esophageal varices

Answer 3

1

Question 4

After assessing a client with biliary cirrhosis, the nurse suspects xanthelasmas. Which laboratory test will support the nurse's conclusion?
1) Endoscopy
2) Lipid levels
3) Bilirubin levels
4) Prothrombin time

Question 5

The registered nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about the functions of the liver. Which response of the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching?
1) "The liver synthesizes glucagon."
2) "The liver synthesizes thrombopoietin."
3) "The liver synthesizes angiotensinogen."
4) "The liver synthesizes insulin-like growth factor 1."

Question 6

While reviewing the medical file of a client with cirrhosis, the nurse finds that the client has steatorrhea. What reason might the nurse suspect for this condition in the client?
1) Hyperbilirubinemia
2) Activation of stellate cells
3) Diminished synthesis of bile
4) Nitrogenous waste accumulation in the blood

Question 7

What is the mode of transmission for the hepatitis D virus?
1) Blood transfusion
2) Oral-fecal route
3) Sexual contact
4) Both A and C

Question 8

The client with alcoholic liver disease is experiencing bruising, nosebleed, and hematemesis. Which treatment option does the nurse suspect to be effective in this client?
1) Diuretics
2) Vitamin K
3) Band ligation
4) Phototherapy

Question 9

What is the risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)?
1) Hepatitis B
2) Exposure to isoniazid
3) Protein malnutrition
4) Cell mediated immunity

Question 10

Which stage in the viral life cycle of hepatitis involves the production of antibodies?
1) Stage 1
2) Stage 2
3) Stage 3
4) Stage 4

Question 11

Which virus helper function is needed for the replication of hepatitis D virus?
1) Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
2) Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
3) Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
4) Hepatitis E virus (HEV)

Question 12

The primary health-care provider suggests the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping test to a client with liver disease. What is the rationale for this?
1) To predict prognosis
2) To determine the severity of the disease
3) To predict the likelihood of response and the duration of treatment
4) To detect the presence of antibodies against two or more antigens

Question 13

The nurse suspects hepatic encephalopathy in a client with severe liver dysfunction. Which symptom may support the nurse's conclusion?
1) Stupor
2) Ascites
3) Hematemesis
4) Spider angiomata

Question 14

The laboratory report of a client is as given below. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client?
1) Coagulopathy
2) Biliary cirrhosis
3) Hypoalbuminemia
4) Gilbert's Disease

Question 15

Which type of hepatitis is caused by a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus?
1) Hepatitis A (HAV)
2) Hepatitis B (HBV)
3) Hepatitis C (HCV)
4) Hepatitis D (HDV)

Question 16

The registered nurse is teaching about the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to student nurses. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?
1) "NAFLD is linked to metabolic syndrome."
2) "Exposure to vinyl chloride can cause NAFLD."
3) "Increased level of adiponectin is associated with NAFLD."
4) "NAFLD is caused by accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue."

Question 17

While assessing a client with liver cirrhosis, the nurse observes that the client has asterixis. What is the reason for this condition of the client?
1) Osteoporosis
2) Iron overload
3) Coagulopathy
4) Encephalopathy

Question 18

A client complains of fatigue and arthralgia to the nurse. On physical assessment, the nurse finds that the client has hyperpigmentation of the skin. Which lab test should the nurse suggest for safe and effective care of the client?
1) Bilirubin levels
2) Serum ferritin levels
3) Ceruloplasmin levels
4) Immunoglobulins level

Question 19

The registered nurse is teaching about portal hypertension to a group of student nurses. Which statement by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching?
1) "Caput medusa is a sign of portal hypertension."
2) "Portal hypertension can cause hematemesis."
3) "Ascites is associated with portal hypertension."
4) "Portal hypertension causes coagulation abnormalities."

Question 20

The nurse finds ursodiol in a client's prescription. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client?
1) Gilbert's syndrome
2) Alcoholic liver disease
3) Crigler-Najjar syndrome
4) Primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 21

The laboratory reports of a client with alcoholic liver disease reveal low hemoglobin levels. What reasons might the nurse suspect for this condition?
1) Hypersplenism
2) Hemochromatosis
3) Hypoalbuminemia
4) Folic acid deficiency
5) Decreased levels of thrombopoietin

Question 22

Arrange the processes occurring in four developmental stages of primary biliary cirrhosis in their correct order (1-4).(Enter the number of each step in the proper sequence; do not use commas or spaces.)
A. Destruction of the liver cells, fibrotic tissue taking over hepatic cells, and loss of intralobular bile ducts
B. Progression of inflammation
C. Development of micronodular or macronodular cirrhosis
D. Inflammation of the portal triads and destruction of small and medium bile ducts

Question 23

The laboratory reports of an alcoholic client show hepatic encephalopathy and portal hypertension. Which nursing interventions will be beneficial for the client?
1) Provide a low-sodium diet.
2) Provide a low-calorie diet.
3) Provide a high-protein diet.
4) Administer calcium compounds.
5) Encourage the use of thiamine supplements.

Question 24

Which findings can the nurse observe in the laboratory reports of a client after 4 weeks of hepatitis A infection?
1) A rise in liver enzymes
2) Appearance of IgM antibodies
3) Appearance of IgG antibodies
4) Appearance of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the stool
5) Presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)
Other

Question 25

The nurse is caring for a client with glucuronyl transferase enzyme deficiency. The laboratory reports show elevated serum bilirubin levels. Which treatment does the nurse suspect to be effective in the client?
1) Phenobarbital
2) Phototherapy
3) Paracentesis
4) Desferoxamine
5) Penicillamine