Deck 29: Disorders of the Esophagus, Stomach, and Small Intestine

Question 1

Which gastrointestinal disorder occurs due to removal of part of the stomach?
1) Dumping syndrome
2) Mallory-Weiss syndrome
3) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
4) Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Answer 1

1

Question 2

The nurse is assessing a client with complaints of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and discomfort. The nurse finds that the abdomen is firm and peristalsis is visible. The laboratory reports show electrolyte imbalances. Which condition does the nurse anticipate in the client?
1) Hiatal hernia
2) Acute gastritis
3) Pyloric stenosis
4) Peptic ulcer disease

Answer 2

3

Question 3

The primary health-care provider instructs the client with symptoms of peptic ulcer to take a fasting serum gastrin level test and have an MRI scan done. On reviewing the laboratory reports, the nurse finds hypergastrinemia and a tumor. The PHP instructs the nurse to administer proton pump inhibitors. Which condition can the nurse expect?
1) Dumping syndrome
2) Mallory-Weiss syndrome
3) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
4) Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Answer 3

3

Question 4

The nurse concludes that an obese client is suffering from a rare type of hernia. Which finding confirmed the condition?
1) Belching
2) Acute chest pain
3) Substernal burning
4) Epigastric discomfort

Question 5

The nurse finds a note stating "Reduction in 15% to 20% from the original stomach size" while reviewing the medical record of an obese client. Which surgical procedure can the nurse expect for this client?
1) Gastric bypass
2) Gastric banding
3) Sleeve gastrectomy
4) Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch

Question 6

A client tells the nurse, "I have had abdominal pain, bloating, visual disturbances, and bone pain for the last 3 to 6 months." On assessment, the nurse finds excessive weight loss and suspects an autoimmune hypersensitivity disorder. Which diagnostic test does the primary health-care provider recommend for further confirmation?
1) Abdominal CT scan
2) Ultrasound abdomen
3) Serology celiac panel
4) Barium contrast x-ray series

Question 7

On assessing a client with a gastrointestinal disorder, the nurse finds steatorrhea, abdominal distension, and muscle wasting. The primary health-care provider prescribes corticosteroid therapy for the client. Which instructions does the nurse provide to effectively manage the condition?
1) Reduce alcohol ingestion
2) Reduce coffee consumption
3) Avoid fiber-containing foods
4) Avoid gluten-containing foods
Exhibit

Question 8

The nurse is caring for four clients in the health-care setting suspected with different gastrointestinal disorders. Which client should be ordered a tissue biopsy test for further confirmation of the disease?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 9

Which diagnostic test screens H. pylori in a client with peptic ulcer disease?
1) Urea breath test
2) Stool antigen test
3) Blood test for antibodies
4) All of the above

Question 10

A client tells the nurse, "I have intense stomach pain for 3 hours after eating." On assessment the nurse finds abdominal pain and tenderness of the abdomen. The nurse suspects duodenal ulcers in the client. Which diagnostic procedure does the primary health-care provider recommend?
1) Ultrasound
2) Urea breath test
3) Fecal occult blood test
4) Computed tomography (CT) scan

Question 11

Which statement correctly describes the mechanism of inflammatory diarrhea?
1) It occurs as a result of intestinal neuromuscular disorders.
2) It occurs if the pathogen stimulates the intestine to secrete fluid and mucus.
3) It occurs if the mucosal lining of the intestine is injured.
4) It occurs because of an increase in the osmotic load.

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a client who is due for a laparoscopic fundoplication. On reviewing the medical history, the nurse notes the client complains of dysphagia, substernal burning, and belching. The endoscopy and barium test reports are yet to be received. Which condition can the nurse expect in the client?
1) Hiatal hernia
2) Gastritis
3) Stomach cancer
4) Schatzki ring

Question 13

Which pathophysiological changes are responsible for pain in a client with acute gastritis?
1) Atrophy of the gastric wall
2) Eradication of prostaglandins by medications
3) Increased blood supply at the inflammatory area
4) Increased pressure within the layers of the stomach
5) Accumulation of white blood cells at the inflammatory area

Question 14

A client is admitted into the emergency room with vomiting blood, dark urine, and black, tarry feces. On examination, the nurse finds that the client has weight loss and a distended abdomen. Which condition does the nurse expect in the client?
1) Hiatal hernia
2) Acute gastritis
3) Pyloric stenosis
4) Esophageal varices

Question 15

Which therapeutic procedure treats peritonitis?
1) Upper endoscopy
2) Laparotomy
3) Paracentesis
4) Peritoneal lavage

Question 16

The nurse is providing care for four clients diagnosed with different gastrointestinal disorders. Which client does the nurse instruct to avoid eating or drinking food items that are hot or spicy?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 17

A client with sudden, excruciating abdominal pain, pale skin, and hematemesis is admitted to the emergency room. On assessment, the client states that he had an overdose of NSAIDs and has a history of substance abuse. The primary health-care provider instructs the nurse to prepare the client for a gastrojejunostomy procedure. Which condition can the nurse expect in the client?
1) Hiatal hernia
2) Acute gastritis
3) Pyloric stenosis
4) Peptic ulcer disease

Question 18

Which part of the stomach most commonly harbors Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)?
1) Body
2) Fundus
3) Pylorus
4) Duodenum

Question 19

Which is the most common etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in adults?
1) Norovirus
2) Escherichia coli (E.coli)
3) Candida albicans
4) Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)

Question 20

Which is the characteristic feature of dumping syndrome?
1) Steatorrhea
2) Diaphoresis
3) Colicky cramping
4) Hematemesis

Question 21

The nurse finds that a client coughs frequently while eating and makes repeated attempts to swallow. Based on these findings, the health care team suspects dysphagia in the client. Which other findings indicate that the client is also at risk for aspiration pneumonia?
1) Elevated temperature
2) Hyperactive bowel sounds
3) Deviated tongue and uvula
4) Drooling of food or liquids
5) Auscultation of crackles in the lungs

Question 22

The laboratory reports of a client with gastritis reveal H. pylori is the causative organism. Which pathophysiological changes can result from this infection?
1) Decreased production of pepsin
2) Increased production of gastrin
3) Increased production of intrinsic factor
4) Increased production of prostaglandins
5) Decreased production of HCl acid

Question 23

The primary health-care provider suspects esophageal variceal bleeding in a client and orders an ultrasound test. The client's condition is further confirmed by endoscopy and via insertion of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. Which medications would benefit the client to control bleeding?
1) Octreotide
2) Propranolol
3) Vasopressin
4) Somatostatin
5) Isosorbide mononitrate

Question 24

The caregiver of a client tells the nurse, "My child complains of a burning sensation in the throat and refuses to eat foods." On assessment, the nurse finds that the client also has a dry cough. Which interventions does the nurse implement while caring for the client?
1) Elevates the client's head at an angle of 70°
2) Provides small, frequent meals to the client
3) Administers proton pump inhibitors to the client
4) Prepares the client for fluid electrolyte replacement
5) Provides fluids to the client after adding thickening powder

Question 25

The client complains of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. On assessment, the nurse finds high-pitched bowel sounds. Which nursing interventions will help the client improve her condition?
1) Administer antibiotics
2) Administer intravenous fluids
3) Administer frequent, small tube feedings
4) Administer antiemetic medications
5) Administer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs