Deck 13: The Endocrine System

Question 1

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
thyr/o, thyroid/o

A)​body
B)​many
C)pituitary gland​
D)thymus gland​
E)thyroid gland​

Answer 1

thyroid gland​

Question 2

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
pituitar/o

A)​body
B)​many
C)pituitary gland​
D)thymus gland​
E)thyroid gland​

Answer 2

pituitary gland​

Question 3

Match each definition with the correct term.​
polyuria

A)​also known as blood sugar
B)excessive hunger​
C)excessive thirst​
D)excessive urination​
E)hormone secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the blood​

Answer 3

excessive urination​

Question 4

Match each definition with the correct term.​
glucose

A)​also known as blood sugar
B)excessive hunger​
C)excessive thirst​
D)excessive urination​
E)hormone secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the blood​

Question 5

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
poly-

A)​body
B)​many
C)pituitary gland​
D)thymus gland​
E)thyroid gland​

Question 6

Match each definition with the correct term.​
polydipsia

A)​also known as blood sugar
B)excessive hunger​
C)excessive thirst​
D)excessive urination​
E)hormone secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the blood​

Question 7

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
-dipsia

A)​adrenal glands
B)extremities​
C)sugar​
D)thirst​
E)secrete​

Question 8

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
acr/o

A)​adrenal glands
B)extremities​
C)sugar​
D)thirst​
E)secrete​

Question 9

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
gonad/o

A)​condition
B)gonad​
C)pancreas​
D)parathyroid glands​
E)pineal gland​

Question 10

Match each definition with the correct term.​
insulin

A)​also known as blood sugar
B)excessive hunger​
C)excessive thirst​
D)excessive urination​
E)hormone secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the blood​

Question 11

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
somat/o

A)​body
B)​many
C)pituitary gland​
D)thymus gland​
E)thyroid gland​

Question 12

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
adren/o

A)​adrenal glands
B)extremities​
C)sugar​
D)thirst​
E)secrete​

Question 13

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
crin/o

A)​adrenal glands
B)extremities​
C)sugar​
D)thirst​
E)secrete​

Question 14

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
pancreat/o

A)​condition
B)gonad​
C)pancreas​
D)parathyroid glands​
E)pineal gland​

Question 15

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
pineal/o

A)​condition
B)gonad​
C)pancreas​
D)parathyroid glands​
E)pineal gland​

Question 16

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
thym/o

A)​body
B)​many
C)pituitary gland​
D)thymus gland​
E)thyroid gland​

Question 17

Match each definition with the correct term.​
polyphagia

A)​also known as blood sugar
B)excessive hunger​
C)excessive thirst​
D)excessive urination​
E)hormone secreted in response to high levels of glucose in the blood​

Question 18

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
glyc/o

A)​adrenal glands
B)extremities​
C)sugar​
D)thirst​
E)secrete​

Question 19

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
parathyroid/o

A)​condition
B)gonad​
C)pancreas​
D)parathyroid glands​
E)pineal gland​

Question 20

Match each definition with the correct word part.​
-ism

A)​condition
B)gonad​
C)pancreas​
D)parathyroid glands​
E)pineal gland​

Question 21

____________________ disease is a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone.​

Question 22

Match each definition with the correct term.​
puberty

A)​hormone-like substances
B)​condition of higher glucose levels than normal
C)inflammation of the pancreas​
D)surgical removal of the parathyroid glands​
E)physical changes from child to adult​

Question 23

Match each definition with the correct term.​
prolactinoma

A)​abnormal enlargement of the extremities
B)​abnormal overgrowth of the body
C)​congenital form of hypothyroidism; can cause arrested physical and mental development
D)benign tumor of the pituitary gland​
E)female hormone released during the menstrual cycle​

Question 24

Match each definition with the correct term.​
steroids

A)​hormone-like substances
B)​condition of higher glucose levels than normal
C)inflammation of the pancreas​
D)surgical removal of the parathyroid glands​
E)physical changes from child to adult​

Question 25

Match each definition with the correct term.​
hypothyroidism

A)​abnormally high blood glucose
B)​abnormally low blood glucose
C)deficiency of thyroid secretion​
D)regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues​
E)excessive thyroid hormones in the bloodstream​

Question 26

Match each definition with the correct term.​
hypoglycemia

A)​abnormally high blood glucose
B)​abnormally low blood glucose
C)deficiency of thyroid secretion​
D)regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues​
E)excessive thyroid hormones in the bloodstream​

Question 27

Match each definition with the correct term.​
acromegaly

A)​abnormal enlargement of the extremities
B)​abnormal overgrowth of the body
C)​congenital form of hypothyroidism; can cause arrested physical and mental development
D)benign tumor of the pituitary gland​
E)female hormone released during the menstrual cycle​

Question 28

A/An ____________________ is a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that can cause excess hormone secretion.​

Question 29

Match each definition with the correct term.​
progesterone

A)​abnormal enlargement of the extremities
B)​abnormal overgrowth of the body
C)​congenital form of hypothyroidism; can cause arrested physical and mental development
D)benign tumor of the pituitary gland​
E)female hormone released during the menstrual cycle​

Question 30

Match each definition with the correct term.​
hyperglycemia

A)​abnormally high blood glucose
B)​abnormally low blood glucose
C)deficiency of thyroid secretion​
D)regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues​
E)excessive thyroid hormones in the bloodstream​

Question 31

____________________ treatment is the oral administration of radioactive iodine to destroy thyroid cells.​

Question 32

Match each definition with the correct term.​
hyperthyroidism

A)​abnormally high blood glucose
B)​abnormally low blood glucose
C)deficiency of thyroid secretion​
D)regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues​
E)excessive thyroid hormones in the bloodstream​

Question 33

Match each definition with the correct term.​
growth hormone

A)​abnormally high blood glucose
B)​abnormally low blood glucose
C)deficiency of thyroid secretion​
D)regulates the growth of bone, muscle, and other body tissues​
E)excessive thyroid hormones in the bloodstream​

Question 34

The hormone ____________________ (T₄), which is secreted by the thyroid, influences the rate of metabolism.​

Question 35

Match each definition with the correct term.​
gigantism

A)​abnormal enlargement of the extremities
B)​abnormal overgrowth of the body
C)​congenital form of hypothyroidism; can cause arrested physical and mental development
D)benign tumor of the pituitary gland​
E)female hormone released during the menstrual cycle​

Question 36

Match each definition with the correct term.​
prediabetes

A)​hormone-like substances
B)​condition of higher glucose levels than normal
C)inflammation of the pancreas​
D)surgical removal of the parathyroid glands​
E)physical changes from child to adult​

Question 37

Match each definition with the correct term.​
cretinism

A)​abnormal enlargement of the extremities
B)​abnormal overgrowth of the body
C)​congenital form of hypothyroidism; can cause arrested physical and mental development
D)benign tumor of the pituitary gland​
E)female hormone released during the menstrual cycle​

Question 38

Match each definition with the correct term.​
pancreatitis

A)​hormone-like substances
B)​condition of higher glucose levels than normal
C)inflammation of the pancreas​
D)surgical removal of the parathyroid glands​
E)physical changes from child to adult​

Question 39

Match each definition with the correct term.​
parathyroidectomy

A)​hormone-like substances
B)​condition of higher glucose levels than normal
C)inflammation of the pancreas​
D)surgical removal of the parathyroid glands​
E)physical changes from child to adult​

Question 40

The hormone ____________________ is secreted by fat cells and helps regulate appetite.​

Question 41

____________________, an adult form of hypothyroidism, has symptoms that include puffiness of the hands and face and subnormal temperature.​

Question 42

____________________ syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol.​

Question 43

The hormone ____________________ has an anti-inflammatory action and regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body.​

Question 44

____________________ is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.​

Question 45

A/An ____________________ is a minimally invasive procedure to surgically remove one or both adrenal glands.​

Question 46

____________________ syndrome is a disorder of the adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone.​

Question 47

A/An ____________________ is a benign tumor of the pancreas that causes hypoglycemia.​

Question 48

The ____________________ hormone stimulates ovulation in the female. In the male, it stimulates the secretion of testosterone.​

Question 49

The hormone ____________________ is secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth.​

Question 50

____________________ is a condition caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the antidiuretic hormone.​

Question 51

The term ____________________ describes an abnormal protrusion of the eyes.​

Question 52

The ____________________ hormone maintains the water balance within the body by promoting the reabsorption of water through the kidneys.​

Question 53

A condition marked by the excessive secretion of insulin is known as _________________________.​

Question 54

Inflammation of the adrenal glands is known as ____________________.​

Question 55

The mineral substances that are normally found in the blood, such as sodium and potassium, are known as ____________________.​

Question 56

____________________ disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue which can lead to hypothyroidism.​

Question 57

The condition of excessive mammary development in the male is known as ____________________.​

Question 58

The ____________________ test is administered to patients with diabetes to measure average glucose levels over the past 3 weeks.​

Question 59

The hormone ____________________ works with the parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels in the blood and tissues.​

Question 60

An abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone is known as ____________________.​

Question 61

____________________ is both a hormone and a neurohormone that plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response.​

Question 62

____________________ is the excess secretion of growth hormone that causes acromegaly and gigantism.​

Question 63

The condition characterized by abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood instead of being stored in the bones and teeth is known as ____________________.​

Question 64

The _____ hormone increases pigmentation of the skin.​

A) ​lactogenic
B) ​melanocyte-stimulating
C) ​thyroid-stimulating
D) ​melatonin

Question 65

____________________ disease is an autoimmune disorder that is a form of hyperthyroidism characterized by goiter, exophthalmos, or both.​

Question 66

A/An ____________________ is the surgical removal of the thymus gland.​

Question 67

An inflammation of the thymus gland is known as ____________________.​

Question 68

Which hormone is produced by the pituitary gland?​

A) ​melatonin
B) ​triiodothyronine
C) ​adrenocorticotropic hormone
D) ​epinephrine

Question 69

The hormone secreted by the testicles that stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics is known as ____________________.​

Question 70

____________________, which is also known as adrenaline, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system.​

Question 71

Which gland secretes the hormone melatonin?​

A) ​thymus
B) ​pineal
C) ​pituitary
D) ​adrenal

Question 72

The ____________________ hormone stimulates the secretion of estrogen and the growth of eggs in the ovaries of the female. In the male, it stimulates the production of sperm in the testicles.​

Question 73

The hormone ____________________ is secreted by the thymus that stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells of the immune system.​

Question 74

____________________ occurs when diabetes damages the tiny blood vessels in the retina of the eye.​

Question 75

A normal metabolic process, ____________________ helps the body utilize stored fat when other sources of energy are lacking.​

Question 76

The female hormone ____________________ is important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and in the regulation of the menstrual cycle.​

Question 77

A pheochromocytoma is a rare, benign tumor of the _____ gland.​

A) ​parathyroid
B) ​adrenal
C) ​pituitary
D) ​thyroid

Question 78

The hormone ____________________ increases the amount of glucose by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose for release into the bloodstream.​

Question 79

____________________ is the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies.​

Question 80

Which substance is administered to suppress inflammation and as an immunosuppressant?​

A) ​cortisone
B) ​aldosterone
C) ​insulin
D) ​anabolic steroids