Deck 5: Body Organization and Homeostasis

Question 1

A group of organs in the body that have a common function make up a(n) ________.

A) organism
B) brain
C) organ system
D) tissue

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The inner layer of skin that contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and hair follicles is called the ________.

A) epidermis
B) hypodermis
C) dermis
D) melanin

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which membranes line the passageways that open to the exterior of the body, including those of the respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems in the body?

A) cutaneous
B) basement
C) mucous
D) serous

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The dark chemical that accumulates in the skin after exposure to the sun is called ________.

A) melanin
B) sebum
C) melanocyte
D) carcinoma

Question 5

Cartilage that forms at the end of long bones and functions to allow bones to slide past each other during movement is called ________.

A) elastic
B) fibrocartilage
C) bone
D) hyaline

Question 6

Specialized cells found at the base of the epidermis that produce pigments that help give skin its color are called ________.

A) melanin
B) melanocytes
C) basal
D) lacunae

Question 7

Which layer lacks blood vessels?

A) hypodermis
B) subcutaneous
C) epidermis
D) dermis

Question 8

These epithelial cells function in secretion or absorption and are found in many glands and in the kidney tubules: ________.

A) squamous
B) cuboidal
C) columnar
D) stratified

Question 9

Which of the following tissues covers the body surfaces, lines the body cavities and organs, and forms glands?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) epithelial
D) connective

Question 10

Glands that lack ducts and secrete hormones are called ________.

A) exocrine
B) endocrine
C) scent
D) mammary

Question 11

These skin cells fight infections: ________.

A) fibroblasts
B) melanocytes
C) macrophages
D) neuroglia

Question 12

Which structure containing dense connective tissue is found in the skin?

A) epidermis
B) hypodermis
C) dermis
D) integument

Question 13

Which of the following membranes covers the outside of the body and has waterproofing properties?

A) synovial
B) serous
C) cutaneous
D) basement

Question 14

Which of the following contains the most cells?

A) an organism
B) an organ system
C) an organ
D) tissue

Question 15

A person using a very effective sunscreen would be less likely to make which vitamin within his or her body?

A) vitamin A
B) vitamin B
C) vitamin C
D) vitamin D

Question 16

Which of the following cavities has the highest density of cardiac muscle tissue?

A) pleural cavity
B) abdominal cavity
C) thoracic cavity
D) cranial cavity

Question 17

Which of the following types of skin damage are the most superficial?

A) first-degree burns
B) second-degree burns
C) third-degree burns
D) All of these have the same level of pain.

Question 18

The sebaceous glands associated with hair follicles produce ________.

A) sweat
B) sebum
C) androgens
D) keratin

Question 19

Charlotte liked to have a suntan all of the time, so she never wore sunscreen at the beach or in the tanning salon. During a visit to her doctor, she was told that she has the most common form of skin cancer. She will be all right, but she should avoid prolonged exposure to UV radiation in the future. Which skin cancer does she have?

A) melanoma
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) sebaceous carcinoma
D) basal cell carcinoma

Question 20

Where would you find smooth muscle tissue in your body?

A) in your heart
B) in the walls of your stomach
C) attached to bones
D) None of the above is correct.

Question 21

Of the two types of glands, the ________ glands secrete their products onto body surfaces or into body cavities or organs via ducts.

Question 22

A tendon or ligament is made up principally of ________ tissue.

Question 23

________ muscle tissue is involuntary and has branching cells with striations.

Question 24

The least common type of skin cancer mentioned in the text, but the one that must be taken most seriously, is ________.

Question 25

The ability of the human body to maintain a relatively constant internal environment is known as ________.

A) homeostasis
B) stabilization
C) positive feedback
D) regulation

Question 26

________ tissue coordinates body activities that result from initiation and transmission of nerve impulses from one part of the body to another.

Question 27

________ is the pigment produced by melanocytes that gives skin its color.

Question 28

A(n) ________ is a group of cells of similar type that work together to serve a common function.

Question 29

If you want to avoid skin cancer, the safest thing to do is ________.

Question 30

Tunde is abnormally slender. Which of the following conditions is she more likely to have compared to an obese person, given the information in this chapter?

A) heart disease and stroke
B) cancers
C) heartburn and indigestion
D) hypothermia and injury due to trauma

Question 31

The ________ function to support, insulate, and protect neurons.

Question 32

Under warm conditions, you will not have goose bumps because the arrector pili muscles ________.

Question 33

Of the four main tissue types, the type known as ________ covers body surfaces and lines body cavities and organs.

Question 34

Nutrients reach cells in the epidermis by ________.

A) moving out of dermal blood vessels and diffusing through tissue fluid to the epidermis
B) moving out of blood vessels in the epidermis
C) moving out of blood vessels that originate in the hypodermis and extend into the epidermis
D) All of the above are true.

Question 35

An easy way to remember the signs of skin cancer is this memory trick suggested by the American Cancer Society: ________.

Question 36

These muscles would contract when a person goes into a walk-in freezer: ________.

Question 37

Sarah loved to run in the dry desert town of Needles, CA. However, when she moved to Mobile, AL, on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, she was surprised that when she went out for a jog at 91°F (33°C), she developed dizziness and confusion sooner than she had in the desert at the same temperature. She is probably suffering from ________.

A) hypothermia
B) hypothalamus
C) homeostasis
D) hyperthermia

Question 38

If Argus fell into the waters around Labrador (temperature 1°C, or 34°F), what reaction is most likely to happen?

A) dilation of the blood vessels of the dermis
B) sweating
C) piloerection
D) increased blood flow to hands

Question 39

________ glands secrete fluids that consist of water, salts, and metabolic wastes, but they mainly function to regulate body temperature.

Question 40

The flattened or scale-like cells that make up certain epithelial tissues are known as ________ cells.

Question 41

Adelle often has goose bumps on her arms. Explain how the goose bumps are formed and why she will never have goose bumps on the palms of her hands or on the soles of her feet.

Question 42

What are the signs of skin cancer that distinguish it from other skin irregularities?

Question 43

Compare and contrast the three types of muscle tissue.

Question 44

Explain how the hypothalamus regulates body temperature when a person is exposed to warm conditions.

Question 45

The three parts of a homeostatic mechanism are ________, ________, and ________.

Question 46

Why are people over age 40 more likely to use Botox treatments? Is one treatment enough for a lifetime? Explain.

Question 47

People who are very underweight often complain of being cold. However, individuals who are overweight are less likely to complain of being cold. Explain why this might be the case.

Question 48

Two roller derby players trip each other and fall. One of them breaks a cartilage in her knee, while the other skater breaks a bone in her foot. Which one of them will take longer to heal? Explain your answer.

Question 49

Carlos visited the desert for the first time and, as he was sweating a lot, bought some distilled water. This seemed to satisfy his thirst very well. Why is the distilled water not the best choice of beverage for Carlos?

Question 50

Carla has acne. What caused it, and what can she do to treat it?