Deck 41: Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

A fracture is

A)A broken bone
B)A broken joint
C)A broken hip
D)A cast or traction

Answer 1

A broken bone

Question 2

Warning signs of stroke include the following except

A)Sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes
B)Sudden trouble walking
C)Sudden dizziness or loss of balance or coordination
D)Agitation and joint pain

Answer 2

Agitation and joint pain

Question 3

Functions lost as a result of stroke depend on

A)The cause of the stroke
B)The person's age
C)The area of brain damage
D)The person's attitude

Answer 3

The area of brain damage

Question 4

A resident had a stroke.The person's left side is affected.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Encourage deep breathing and coughing.
B)Turn and re-position every 2 hours.
C)Assist with range-of-motion exercises.
D)Perform all ADL for the person.

Question 5

A compound fracture is also called

A)A closed fracture
B)A simple fracture
C)An open fracture
D)A hip fracture

Question 6

Warning signs of stroke last a few minutes.This is called

A)An early warning
B)A transient ischemic attack
C)A cerebrovascular accident
D)A brain attack

Question 7

A person has a fracture.The bone is broken but the skin is intact.The person has

A)A closed fracture
B)A compound fracture
C)An open fracture
D)A spiral fracture

Question 8

Paraplegia is paralysis and loss of sensory function

A)In the arms
B)In the legs
C)From the chest up
D)From the neck down

Question 9

Quadriplegia is paralysis

A)In the arms
B)In the legs
C)From the waist down
D)In the arms,legs,and trunk

Question 10

Paralysis on one side of the body is

A)Uniplegia
B)Biplegia
C)Paraplegia
D)Hemiplegia

Question 11

A person has a fracture.The bone has come through the skin.The person has

A)A closed fracture
B)A simple fracture
C)A compound fracture
D)A hip fracture

Question 12

Warning signs of stroke include the following except

A)Sudden,severe chest pain and shortness of breath
B)Sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body
C)Sudden confusion,trouble speaking,or understanding
D)Sudden,severe headache

Question 13

Effects from stroke often include the following except

A)Loss of face,hand,arm,leg,or body control
B)Dysphagia and aphasia
C)Urinary incontinence and impaired memory
D)Tremors and stiff muscles

Question 14

The removal of all or part of an extremity is

A)Excision
B)Incision
C)Ectomy
D)Amputation

Question 15

Stroke occurs when one of the following happens

A)Bleeding in the brain or a blood clot
B)Hypertension or diabetes
C)Infection or accidental injury
D)Aging or poor nutrition

Question 16

Arthritis is

A)The surgical replacement of a joint
B)Joint inflammation
C)A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D)The repair of a fracture

Question 17

Stroke is

A)A disease that affects the arteries that supply blood to the brain
B)A slow,progressive disorder in which there is degeneration of part of the brain
C)A disease in which the myelin covering the brain and spinal cord is destroyed
D)An injury to the scalp,skull,and brain tissue

Question 18

Risk factors for stroke include the following except

A)High blood pressure
B)Arthritis and osteoporosis
C)Heart disease and diabetes
D)Smoking

Question 19

Another term for quadriplegia is

A)Paraplegia
B)Tetraplegia
C)Biplegia
D)Uniplegia

Question 20

Arthroplasty is

A)The surgical replacement of a joint
B)Joint inflammation
C)A disease in which bones become porous and brittle
D)The repair of a fracture

Question 21

A patient is paralyzed from the waist down.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Safety measures to prevent falls
B)Bath water,heat applications,and food at the correct temperatures
C)Active range-of-motion exercises to all joints except the neck
D)Supportive devices as directed to maintain alignment

Question 22

Care of a person after a stroke often includes the following except

A)Catheter care
B)A bowel or bladder training program
C)ROM to prevent contractures
D)Placing objects on the affected side

Question 23

Which statement about head injuries is incorrect?

A)Permanent damage is unlikely.
B)There may be other injuries,especially to the spinal cord.
C)Sensory problems may result.
D)Bowel and bladder problems,personality changes,and speech problems may result.

Question 24

A common cause of autonomic dysreflexia is

A)Being cold
B)Nasal congestion
C)Anxiety
D)Fecal impaction

Question 25

Which statement about multiple sclerosis MS)is incorrect?

A)The person may have remissions.
B)Symptoms may last for a few weeks or a few months.
C)Blurred or double vision often occurs.
D)Severe disability or death is common early after onset.

Question 26

A resident has ALS.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Range-of-motion exercises
B)Bedrest with commode privileges
C)Measures to relieve pain
D)Dysphagia diet

Question 27

A resident had a stroke.The person cries easily,sometimes for no reason.Which is correct?

A)The person suffers from depression.
B)Changing emotions are common effects of stroke.
C)The person is anxious.
D)The person might benefit from a hospice program.

Question 28

A resident has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS).Which is correct?

A)ALS attacks the nerve cells that control voluntary muscles.
B)ALS affects more women than men.
C)It usually strikes between 60 and 80 years of age.
D)It usually affects the mind,intelligence,and memory.

Question 29

A patient had a stroke.When does rehabilitation begin?

A)When the person leaves the hospital
B)When the person enters a rehabilitation center
C)A few days after the person returns to the nursing center
D)At once

Question 30

The following are common with Parkinson's disease except

A)Hemiplegia or quadriplegia
B)Tremors and stiff muscles
C)Slow movement and mask-like expression
D)Stooped posture and impaired balance

Question 31

Which statement about Parkinson's disease is incorrect?

A)It is progressive with no cure.
B)Persons over the age of 50 are at risk.
C)Signs and symptoms become worse over time.
D)Expressive-receptive aphasia is common.

Question 32

Persons with Parkinson's disease often have speech problems.Which is common?

A)Receptive aphasia
B)Slurred,monotone speech
C)Loud speech
D)Swearing

Question 33

The person with Parkinson's disease needs protection from

A)Falls
B)Burns
C)Poisoning
D)Cold,damp weather

Question 34

Autonomic dysreflexia affects persons

A)In persistent vegetative states
B)With hemiplegia
C)With spinal cord injuries above the mid-thoracic level
D)With ALS

Question 35

A patient is paralyzed from the waist down.The person is at risk for

A)Pressure ulcers and contractures
B)Aphasia and dysphagia
C)Aspiration and pneumonia
D)MS and Parkinson's disease

Question 36

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis MS)usually begin

A)Between the ages of 20 and 40
B)After age 50
C)After age 65
D)Between the ages of 50 and 65

Question 37

Which statement about spinal cord injuries is incorrect?

A)Permanent damage can occur.
B)Paraplegia or quadriplegia can result.
C)Rehabilitation is necessary.
D)Thoracic injuries result in greater loss of function than cervical injuries do.

Question 38

If untreated,autonomic dysreflexia can lead to

A)Spinal cord infection
B)Stroke and heart attack
C)Paraplegia
D)Constipation and fecal impaction

Question 39

A resident has MS.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Perform all ADL for the person
B)Measures to promote bowel and bladder elimination
C)Turning,re-positioning,and deep breathing and coughing
D)Skin care and range-of-motion exercises

Question 40

The following are common with Parkinson's disease except

A)Pill-rolling movements
B)Shuffling gait
C)A fixed stare
D)Flare-ups or relapses

Question 41

Which statement about osteoarthritis is incorrect?

A)It occurs with aging.
B)Pain occurs with weight-bearing and joint motion.
C)Being under-weight is a common cause.
D)Weight-bearing joints are commonly affected.

Question 42

Rheumatoid arthritis occurs in children.Which is incorrect?

A)It is called childhood arthritis.
B)Signs include fever,rash,and swollen lymph nodes.
C)It can affect growth and development.
D)Eye inflammation is a complication.

Question 43

A resident has osteoporosis.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Assist with strength-training exercises as directed by the physical therapist.
B)Encourage good body mechanics.
C)Assist with weight-bearing exercises as directed by the physical therapist.
D)Promote bedrest.Turn and re-position gently.

Question 44

Which is not a sign or symptom of osteoporosis?

A)Joint stiffness
B)Back pain
C)Gradual loss of height
D)Stooped posture

Question 45

A person with a fracture will have the following except

A)Joint pain and stiffness
B)Pain
C)Limited movement and loss of function
D)Deformity of the body part

Question 46

Which statement about osteoarthritis is incorrect?

A)It is the most common type of arthritis.
B)Pain is common.
C)Joint stiffness is common.
D)It is cured with arthroplasty.

Question 47

You should not perform this procedure if the person is at risk for autonomic dysreflexia.

A)A tub bath
B)Foot care
C)An enema
D)A back massage

Question 48

A patient has a fractured wrist.The doctor has scheduled open reduction.This means that

A)Traction is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
B)A cast is used to bring the bone ends into alignment
C)The doctor will move the bone ends back into alignment
D)The doctor will move the bones back into alignment during surgery

Question 49

After reduction,the fractured part is

A)Exercised as directed by the physical therapist
B)Abducted
C)Immobilized with a cast,traction,or other device
D)Externally rotated

Question 50

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint pain

A)With rest and lack of motion
B)With weight-bearing and joint motion
C)Following a heat application
D)Following a cold application

Question 51

Which statement about rheumatoid arthritis is incorrect?

A)It generally develops between the ages of 20 and 50.
B)Joints on both sides of the body are affected.
C)Wrist and finger joints are commonly affected.
D)The disease is active all the time.

Question 52

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is most likely to have joint stiffness

A)With rest and lack of motion
B)With exercise
C)With weight-bearing
D)With joint motion

Question 53

Which is not a sign or symptom of osteoarthritis?

A)Fractures
B)Joint stiffness
C)Joint pain
D)Joint swelling or tenderness

Question 54

A patient has rheumatoid arthritis.The following can relieve pain and inflammation except

A)Drugs
B)Heat or cold applications
C)A cast or traction
D)Rest balanced with exercise

Question 55

Which statement about osteoporosis is incorrect?

A)Bones become porous and brittle.
B)Bones are fragile and fracture easily.
C)It is common in older people.
D)It is caused by high calcium in the diet.

Question 56

A patient has rheumatoid arthritis.The person has consented to joint replacement surgery.The affected joint will be replaced with a

A)Nail or pin
B)Metal plate
C)Screw
D)Prosthesis

Question 57

A patient has rheumatoid arthritis RA.The person's care plan includes the following.Which should you question?

A)Encourage exercise when RA is active.
B)Turn and re-position every 2 hours.
C)Use trochanter rolls for alignment and positioning.
D)Provide self-help devices as directed by the health team.

Question 58

A resident has osteoarthritis.The person is over-weight.Why is weight loss important for the person?

A)It will improve the person's mental well-being.
B)The person is too old to be over-weight.
C)Weight loss reduces stress on weight-bearing joints.
D)It will be easier to lift and move the person.

Question 59

The greatest risk from osteoporosis is

A)Fractures
B)Burns
C)Immobility
D)Pneumonia

Question 60

Which is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?

A)Being thin or having a small frame
B)Family history of the disease
C)Tobacco use and alcoholism
D)Exercise and activity

Question 61

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which is incorrect?

A)Cover the cast for the person's warmth.
B)Use your palms to lift and turn a casted extremity.
C)Turn the person every 2 hours.
D)Elevate the casted part on pillows.

Question 62

A resident has a cast on her right arm.You note that her fingers are pale and that she cannot move them.What should you do?

A)Remove the cast.
B)Tell the nurse at once.
C)Elevate her arm on pillows.
D)Assist with range-of-motion exercises.

Question 63

Fractures in infants may signal child abuse.

Question 64

A resident has a cast.The following signs and symptoms indicate a problem except

A)Pain and numbness in the casted part
B)Swelling and a tight cast
C)Odor and drainage from under the cast
D)Joint pain and stiffness

Question 65

Traction is used to immobilize a fracture.This is done by

A)Applying a steady pull in two directions
B)Inserting wires and pins
C)Inserting a prosthesis
D)Applying a stockinette

Question 66

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.You know that he is at risk for the following post-operative complications:

A)Depression,skin tears,and burns
B)Pressure ulcers,constipation,and confusion
C)Incontinence,hair loss,and stomatitis
D)Diarrhea,bleeding,and infection

Question 67

A patient is in traction.How should you position the person?

A)Prone
B)Semi-Fowler's
C)Orthopneic
D)As directed

Question 68

Tissues die and become black,cold,and shriveled.This is

A)Cancer
B)Gangrene
C)Arthritis
D)Metastasis

Question 69

A resident's left leg was amputated.The person complains of pain in the left leg.This is

A)Chronic pain
B)Radiating pain
C)Sympathy pain
D)Phantom limb pain

Question 70

A patient has a fractured right hip.How is the leg positioned?

A)Abducted at all times
B)Abducted when in bed
C)Adducted at all times
D)Adducted when in bed

Question 71

A patient is in traction.Which is incorrect?

A)Keep the weights off the floor.
B)Remove weights for complaints of pain or numbness.
C)Provide a fracture pan for elimination.
D)Make the bed from the head of the bed to the foot of the bed.

Question 72

A patient has a plaster of paris cast.The cast dries in

A)2 to 3 hours
B)4 to 8 hours
C)12 to 24 hours
D)24 to 48 hours

Question 73

You are assisting the nurse with cast care.Which is incorrect?

A)Support the entire cast with pillows.
B)Wash and dry the cast when soiling occurs.
C)Do not let the person insert things into the cast.
D)Position the person as directed.

Question 74

A hip fracture requires

A)External fixation
B)Internal fixation
C)A cast
D)Traction

Question 75

A resident has a fractured right hip.You must use devices to prevent

A)Abduction
B)External rotation of the hip
C)Pneumonia
D)Aspiration

Question 76

Skeletal traction is applied to the

A)Skin
B)Bone
C)Muscle
D)Joint

Question 77

A resident fell in the shower and fractured his right hip.He is back at the nursing center after surgery to repair the hip.You know that he is at risk for the following post-operative complications:

A)Respiratory complications,UTI,and thrombi in his leg veins
B)MS,CAD,and RA
C)Hemothorax,depression,and schizophrenia
D)Aspiration,paralysis,and metastasis