Deck 23: High Renaissance and Mannerism in Northern Europe and Spain

Question 1

Albrecht Altdorfer derived his landscape depiction in the Battle of Issus from ____.

A) Lucas Cranach
B) Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Allegory of Good Government
C) a map in the Nuremberg Chronicle
D) a Roman wall painting

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Bruegel's Netherlandish Proverbs is reminiscent of the topsy-turvy scenes by ____.

A) Bosch
B) Mantegna
C) Giovanni Bellini
D) Jan van Eyck

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Who created Knight, Death, and the Devil?

A) Albrecht Dürer
B) Cranach the Elder
C) Jean Goujon
D) Jan Gossaert

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The monumental composition and sculpturesque form in Hans Holbein's The French Ambassadors reflects the influence of ____.

A) Italian art
B) French art
C) Medieval art
D) Gothic art

Question 5

Which of the following made up the territory known as the Netherlands in the 16th century?

A) Switzerland, Holland, and Belgium
B) Bavaria, Holland, and Belgium
C) Northern Italy, Holland, and Belgium
D) Luxembourg, Holland, and Belgium

Question 6

In the ____, a band of Calvinists destroyed art works in Catholic churches in the Netherlands.

A) Thirty Years' War
B) Great Iconoclasm
C) Saint Anthony's Fire
D) Counter-Reformation

Question 7

Saints Anthony and Sebastian appear in Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece because of their association with ____.

A) Virgin Mary
B) disease and miraculous cures
C) craft guilds
D) Protestant Reformation

Question 8

In Pieter Aertsen's Butcher's Stall, the ____ is associated with a degenerate life.

A) the cow's head
B) figures going to church
C) people eating and carousing
D) pretzel

Question 9

Attributes of El Greco's style, such as elongated figures in an undefined space, are often characterized as ____.

A) medieval
B) Venetian
C) Mannerist
D) Spanish

Question 10

The Battle of Issus may be a reference to the contemporary ____.

A) dynastic struggles
B) attempt Catholic Netherlands
C) struggle against the Turks
D) campaign against Martin Luther

Question 11

El Escorial is in which country?

A) Germany
B) France
C) England
D) Spain

Question 12

In Dürer's Melencolia I, the ____ is an optimistic note suggesting that the artist can overcome depression.

A) burst of light on the horizon
B) bat holding a banner
C) hourglass
D) tools of the artist and builder

Question 13

The first known northern European self-portrait by a woman is purportedly by which of the following?

A) Levina Teerlinc
B) Judith Leyster
C) Caterina van Hemessen
D) Lavinia Fontana

Question 14

The German artist who was dubbed with the title "painter of the Reformation" is ____.

A) Lucas Cranach the Elder
B) Albrecht Dürer
C) Matthias Grünewald
D) Hans Holbein

Question 15

Jean Clouet presented Francis I as a ____.

A) revolutionary
B) deeply pious figure
C) worldly leader
D) humble man

Question 16

The personal tastes of the court of Francis I ran to the elegant, erotic, and unorthodox. Which of the following styles would most appeal to this king and his court?

A) Classicism of 16th-century Italy
B) Mannerism
C) Expressiveness of Grünewald
D) Intellectualism of Leonardo

Question 17

The miniature portrait of Elizabeth I shows an elegant, formally attired young Elizabeth presented as a princess. Who is the artist who created this memorable portrait?

A) Hans Holbein
B) Caterina van Hemessen
C) Levina Teerlinc
D) Albrecht Dürer

Question 18

In Money-Changer and His Wife by Quentin Massys, the artist warns that ____ are a distraction from religious life.

A) financial transactions
B) beauty and physical health
C) fine garments
D) scientific experiments

Question 19

The depiction of different months from ____ influenced Bruegel's Hunters in the Snow.

A) Italian palazzos
B) ancient fresco paintings
C) murals in town halls
D) Books of Hours

Question 20

The Protestant concern about the role of religious imagery was in many cases outright hostile. Martin Luther spoke about destroying images. This destruction of religious imagery also occurred during the Byzantine period. Which of the following defines this act?

A) Idolatry
B) Iconography
C) Iconoclasm
D) Iconology

Question 21

Who was Desiderius Erasmus?

Question 22

Which of the following artists traveled to Italy yet chose not to incorporate classical elements into his work?

A) Pieter Bruegel
B) Hans Holbein
C) Albrecht Dürer
D) Jan Gossaert

Question 23

In El Greco's View of Toledo, the artist departed from Renaissance painters by not painting ____.

A) a specific location
B) Roman monuments
C) religious figures
D) buildings in detail

Question 24

How did the Reformation change the map of Europe?

Question 25

Which artist that did a series of six paintings showing seasonal changes?

A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Matthias Grünewald
C) Pieter Bruegel
D) Jan Gossaert

Question 26

In his diary Albrecht Dürer described Joachim Patinir as a good ____.

A) printmaker
B) landscape artist
C) imitator of Michelangelo
D) Mannerist artist

Question 27

____ was the style that appealed to the French king, Francis I, because of its elegant, erotic, and unorthodox features.

A) Mannerism
B) Flemish
C) The Venetian school
D) Medieval

Question 28

In his Self-Portrait, Durer's hand position may be a reference to ____.

A) the artist's hand as a creative instrument
B) the Crucifixion
C) Protestant beliefs
D) his own ego

Question 29

In the 16th century, Spain supported which of the following?

A) The Anabaptists
B) Martin Luther
C) Interests of the Catholic Church
D) John Calvin

Question 30

Which of the following artists excelled in portraiture?

A) Matthias Grünewald
B) Hans Holbein
C) Albrecht Altdorfer
D) Pieter Bruegel

Question 31

Which of the following is one of the most important cities of the 16th-century Netherlands?

A) Paris
B) Munich
C) Antwerp
D) Rotterdam

Question 32

In Dürer's print of the Fall of Man, the idealization of Adam and Eve is tempered by the ____ of the background.

A) naturalism
B) abstraction
C) Roman monuments
D) distant view of a goat teetering on the edge of a cliff

Question 33

According to the Protestants, scripture and scripture alone could gain the Christian entry into Heaven. What was the consequence of this notion?

Question 34

In the 16th-century power was focused on the king. This monarch made a concerted effort to elevate his country's cultural profile by inviting esteemed Italian artists to his court. Who was this monarch?

A) Henry VIII
B) Francis I
C) Charles V
D) Elizabeth I

Question 35

What did the dissolution of the Burgundian Netherlands in 1477 lead to across Europe?

Question 36

Why is Dürer compared to Leonardo? How is he different?

Question 37

How were witches portrayed in the art of Hans Baldung Grien?

Question 38

How does the Isenheim Altarpiece represent suffering and salvation?

Question 39

What anamorphic symbol appears in Holbein's The French Ambassadors?

A) Skeleton
B) Seal of Francis I
C) Skull
D) Seal of Henry VIII

Question 40

During the second half of the 16th century, ____ controlled the Netherlands.

A) Count Orgaz
B) Wilhelm IV
C) Francis I
D) Philip II

Question 41

How does this structure reflect the monarch who commissioned its construction?

Question 42

How did the Reformation affect the artists of 16th-century northern Europe and Spain? How did they respond to the Reformation? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 43

Compare these two works and identify the artists. How do these two works differ?

Question 44

What might Holbein's portrait of The French Ambassadors be an allusion to?

Question 45

How did patronage affect 16th-century French architecture? What were the motivations of the patrons? How did the architecture reflect the court and period? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 46

How does Dürer's Fall of Man (Adam and Eve) represent classical and northern traditions?

Question 47

How did Protestant views of religious art differ from Catholics, and what effect did their views have on the appearance of their churches?

Question 48

How does the subject of this work reflect contemporary historical events?

Question 49

How does this work express the differences between Catholics and Protestants?

Question 50

Describe the significance of Francis I as an art patron.

Question 51

What stylistic influences are apparent in the work of El Greco?

Question 52

How did the implications of Martin Luther affect the work of Matthias Grünewald and Albrecht Dürer? How did the work of each artist differ? How did each artist respond to Martin Luther? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 53

What established this artist's success?

Question 54

What is the Roman source and story that surrounds this painting?

Question 55

How did artists, such as Pieter Aertsen and Pieter Bruegel, reference contemporary concerns in their art?

Question 56

Explain the impact Italy had on the work of Dürer. Include in your essay the assimilations as well as the changes, if any, Dürer made. Use examples to support your essay.

Question 57

How do the secular subjects of Netherlandish art provide a glimpse into the daily life and value of the citizens?

Question 58

Describe the portraiture styles of Hans Holbein and Jean Clouet. How did they differ, if at all? What were the motivations of the patrons? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 59

How does Dürer explore the nature of artistic creativity itself in this work, one of his most famous engravings?

Question 60

How does El Greco's View of Toledo depart from traditional landscape paintings?

Question 61

How does this work reflect the architecture of Bramante?

Question 62

Who painted this, and what is being represented?

Question 63

How does this work reflect the growing popularity of landscape?

Question 64

How did Dürer represent himself in his Self-Portrait, and what does this work say about the artist's craft?

Question 65

How does this work portray the early and late styles of the artist in the same work?