Deck 24: The Baroque in Italy and Spain

Question 1

Founded by several members of the Carracci family, ____ was established on the premise that art can be taught.

A) the Paris academy
B) the Royal academy
C) the Bolognese academy
D) the Danish academy

Answer 1

C

Question 2

How does the Martyrdom of Saint Philip reflect Spanish taste?

Answer 2

It depicts the courageous resistance to pain. This theme was strongly admired by the Spaniard and was also translated into a tangible resistance to the Reformation.

Question 3

Bernini's statue of David differed from his predecessors by showing David ____.

A) in the moment of combat
B) waiting for the enemy
C) after he had slain Goliath
D) as a king

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The ____ of Francesco Borromini's architecture, visible in the facade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, opposed ancient ideas about architecture.

A) balance of vertical and horizontal lines
B) undulating motion and enhanced three-dimensional effect
C) smooth treatment of the wall
D) towers and tracery of Gothic architecture

Question 5

Which of the following represents a symbolic function of Bernini's Baldacchino?

A) The columns invoke the early Christian past.
B) The columns reiterate the promise of salvation.
C) The columns visually state the wealth of the Church.
D) The columns invoke the theme of redemption.

Question 6

Pope Paul V converted Saint Peter's from a central-plan church into a basilican-plan church because ____.

A) the longitudinal plan resembled Byzantine churches
B) Paul V wanted a larger space for symbolic purposes
C) central-plan buildings evoked pagan temples
D) the papacy wanted to outshine Saint Paul's in London

Question 7

The orb and the cross surmounting Bernini's Baldacchino symbolize ____.

A) the Reformation
B) the Church's triumph
C) the ascension
D) Saint Peter

Question 8

The Roman Catholic response to the Reformation was formulated at which of the following?

A) Council of Trent
B) Convocation of Rome
C) Council of Toledo
D) Council of Westphalia

Question 9

José de Ribera influenced the style of ____ to Spain.

A) Annibale Carracci
B) Caravaggio
C) Guido Reni
D) Bernini

Question 10

The simulation of easel painting for ceiling design is termed ____.

A) tenebrism
B) quadro riportato
C) trompe l'oeil
D) allegory

Question 11

How does the Surrender of Breda glorify Spanish military authority?

Question 12

____ was the most renowned female painter of the 17th century.

A) Judith Leyster
B) Saint Teresa
C) Annibale Carracci
D) Artemisia Gentileschi

Question 13

An important early patron of Caravaggio, ____ gave the artist a steady income in exchange for a selection of paintings.

A) Paul V
B) Pope Urban VIII
C) Cardinal Del Monte
D) Odoardo Farnese

Question 14

José de Ribera's brutal themes, such as the Martyrdom of Saint Philip, appealed to the Spanish taste for ____.

A) blind obedience
B) military prowess
C) opulence
D) courage and devotion

Question 15

Which of the following Renaissance churches influenced Maderno's design for Santa Susanna in Rome?

A) San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome
B) Il Gesù, Rome
C) Florence Cathedral
D) Santa Maria Novella, Florence

Question 16

The Spanish painter Velásquez held the titles of first painter to the king and ____.

A) manager of the stables
B) treasurer of El Escorial
C) curator of El Escorial
D) chief steward of the palace

Question 17

To create the illusion of Heaven opening up in the Glorification of Saint Ignatius, Fra Andrea Pozzo ____.

A) painted the church's actual architecture into the vault so the roof seems to be lifting off.
B) narrowed the nave ceiling so it is difficult to see the vault.
C) widened the vault so the perspective is skewed.
D) illusionistically lowered the church's actual architecture so the roof seems to be lifting off.

Question 18

In the Triumph of the Barberini by Pietro da Cortona, the papal tiara and keys announce the accomplishments of ____.

A) Alexander VII
B) Leo III
C) Gregory VII
D) Urban VIII

Question 19

Caravaggio's Calling of Saint Matthew is representative of his mature work in which he injects ____ into the depictions of sacred subjects.

A) naturalism
B) artificial elegance
C) rich coloristic variations
D) geometrically balanced compositions

Question 20

The aim of much Italian Baroque art was to restore the predominance of ____.

A) the Barberini family
B) the Jesuit order
C) Roman Catholicism
D) Calvinists

Question 21

Describe the representation of Bernini's David. How has it evolved from the earlier works of Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo?

Question 22

Which features enhanced the illusionism of this ceiling painting?

Question 23

What role did art play in 17th-century Italy?

Question 24

In designing the piazza of Saint Peter's, which objects was Bernini obligated to incorporate into the design, and how to did he arrive at a solution?

Question 25

How did the worldwide mercantile system change the face of Europe?

Question 26

How is this an attempt on the part of the artist to elevate himself and his profession?

Question 27

Describe how the Cornaro chapel became a theater for the depiction of the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.

Question 28

Briefly describe the function of Gianlorenzo Bernini's Baldacchino?

Question 29

How does this painting evoke the Barberini family for whom it was commissioned?

Question 30

Describe art's role in the promotion of Catholic values or leaders, as well as the use of images in religious worship.

Question 31

Caravaggio's style found many imitators. Identify some of the artists who were influenced by Caravaggio's art. Which elements of Carvaggio's art did they incorporate? What are the unique aspects of each of the imiator's own style?

Question 32

Describe the various illusionistic techniques employed in ceiling paintings during the 17th century.

Question 33

What are some of the dominant characteristics of the unique personal style of Caravaggio?

Question 34

What is the spiritual reference at work in this painting?

Question 35

Explain the break from the traditional approach to painting self-portraits seen here.