Deck 16: Substance Abuse Prevention

Question 1

According to the text, there has been an increase in underage alcohol drinking.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The objective information approach may increase the likelihood of using drugs because it increases curiosity about drugs among high-risk people.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The "reefer madness approach" in drug prevention refers to the use of objective information.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Of all available drugs in Canadian society, alcohol is the leader in number of deaths caused, years of life lost, and hospital visits.

Question 5

As the action of protective factors increases so does one's resilience.

Question 6

The objective information approach works best with high-risk youth.

Question 7

Prevention of a relapse after recovery in a treatment program would be an example of tertiary prevention.

Question 8

The first line of defense against drug-abuse problems in the youth is actually represented by secondary prevention programs.

Question 9

Learning to say "no" to drugs as a young child would most likely be a component of a program of secondary prevention.

Question 10

Strict punitive measures have failed as a means for primary and secondary prevention.

Question 11

Judgments about the effectiveness of prevention programs for decreasing drug use must make use of comparisons against a suitable control group.

Question 12

Resilience is the inclination to resist the effects of protective factors through the action of risk factors.

Question 13

The estimated costs of substance abuse exceed $100 billion per year.

Question 14

The "supply/availability" argument in drug prevention holds that problems of illicit drug abuse will diminish if there is lessened demand for these drugs.

Question 15

Age of onset is a key factor in determining problems with licit drug use later in life.

Question 16

One would expect individuals receiving secondary prevention programs to be older than those receiving primary prevention programs.

Question 17

Secondary prevention efforts typically follow a zero tolerance approach of drug-taking behaviour.

Question 18

Approximately 80% of the illicit drugs smuggled into Canada are interdicted (stopped) at the border.

Question 19

Talking to a child in kindergarten about drugs would be an example of primary prevention.

Question 20

Objective information approaches are considered to be an effective component of drug-abuse prevention programs for low-risk children.

Question 21

The teachers (leaders) in D.A.R.E. programs are uniformed police officers.

Question 22

Drug users appear to have difficulty identifying and expressing emotions such as anger and love.

Question 23

LST program participants have demonstrated an increase in risky driving behaviours.

Question 24

D.A.R.E. programs have made significant inroads in reducing drug-taking behaviour among children exposed to the D.A.R.E. curriculum.

Question 25

Affective education focuses on specific behaviour related to substance abuse.

Question 26

LST programs have demonstrated reductions in violence and delinquency among grade 6 LST participants.

Question 27

Peer-refusal training includes teaching participants how to say "no" to drugs in social settings.

Question 28

Learning assertiveness and ways of resisting peer pressure is part of the decision-making component of the LST program.

Question 29

Identifying a skill or behaviour that students would like to change or improve over an eight-week period is a way of developing social and assertiveness skills within the LST program.

Question 30

The approaches that have the greatest chance of success are those that address a single area of drug-taking behaviour since too much at once is overwhelming.

Question 31

Applying self-relaxation techniques helps decrease substance abuse among teens.

Question 32

Affective education approaches such as values clarification have been highly supported by parents and community leaders.

Question 33

Peer-refusal skills are found to be useful as part of an affective education.

Question 34

In the Life Skills Training Program (LST), a multifaceted approach toward drug-abuse prevention has been adopted.

Question 35

Learning about the short-term consequences of drug use is part of the cognitive component of the LST program.

Question 36

Learning assertiveness skills fosters positive interpersonal relationships throughout life.

Question 37

Values clarification approaches have sought to give youngsters a moral "compass" to guide their behaviour.

Question 38

Primary prevention programs with social skills training components have been shown not to be effective in reducing cigarette smoking.

Question 39

The LST program is more successful for white, middle-class youths than for inner-city minority youths.

Question 40

The D.A.R.E. program has been criticized for advocating that children be questioned about possible drug offenders in their families, and some view the program as a mechanism for turning young children into informants.

Question 41

There has been no definitively established relationship between alcohol abuse and loss of productivity.

Question 42

Almost all drug-abuse prevention programs have an alternative-behaviour programming component in them.

Question 43

One role of a parent in drug-abuse prevention is to be a resource for drug-related information.

Question 44

Teens who get $25 a week or more in spending money are just as likely as teens who get less than $25 a week to participate in smoking, drinking, or illicit drug use.

Question 45

Like the United States, Canadian law requires mandatory drug testing in the workplace.

Question 46

The factors that prevent parents from attending substance-abuse prevention programs are the same factors that increase their children's risk of substance abuse.

Question 47

Most programs on university campuses focus on prevention and control of alcohol only, not other drugs of abuse.

Question 48

The school is a better resource than the community for providing activities such as Midnight Basketball and Boys and Girls Clubs for youths.

Question 49

Young people today live "media-saturated lives," spending an average of nearly 6.5-8.0 hours a day with media.

Question 50

Most adolescents spend a majority of their time outside school.

Question 51

Because of the unprecedented media access available, it is important to evaluate the impact of substance-abuse information on drug-taking behaviour, and the potential for media exposure to promote primary prevention.

Question 52

The incidence of alcohol use by Aboriginal communities is about equal to that of the rest of the Canadian population.

Question 53

A significant individual capable of acting as a positive role model in a community is often referred to as an impactor.

Question 54

Teens who feel bored are more likely than teens who do not feel bored to participate in smoking, drinking, or illicit drug use.

Question 55

Abusers of alcohol and other drugs in the workplace use, on average, several times more sick leave from work than nonabusers.

Question 56

The family is the first line of defence against alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Question 57

Within the area of alternative-behaviour programming, an example of an alternative behaviour (relative to drug use) is belonging to a street gang.

Question 58

An important aspect of approaching the problem of drug abuse in Aboriginal communities is to understand the role of cultural values and traditions.

Question 59

Among high school students, 70% have consumed alcoholic beverages and about 46% have smoked marijuana.

Question 60

Most parents who attend substance-abuse prevention programs are those who do not really need the information.

Question 61

In Canada, ________ is ranked first and ________ is ranked second for number of deaths caused, years of life lost, and hospital visits.

A) alcohol; tobacco
B) tobacco; alcohol
C) tobacco; crack cocaine
D) alcohol; crack cocaine

Question 62

The costs related to illegal drug use in Canada account for ________ of the total estimated social costs of substance abuse in Canada.

A) less than a quarter
B) about half
C) about three quarters
D) virtually all

Question 63

Prevention of relapse is the goal for which category of prevention?

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) intermediate prevention

Question 64

ATOD prevention refers to __________.

A) illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco prevention
B) aspirin and other decongestant prevention
C) amphetamines, tobacco, and other drug prevention
D) anxiolytic and other drug prevention

Question 65

Prevention programs on university campuses should focus only on students.

Question 66

An educational program that included "ways to say no" would fit under the category of __________.

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) intermediate prevention

Question 67

A discussion about alternatives to drinking among high school students already exposed to alcohol in some form would fit under the category of __________.

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) intermediate prevention

Question 68

If efforts are made to prevent drug-taking behaviour from occurring when it has not occurred up to now, then these efforts are referred to as __________.

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) initial prevention

Question 69

The Canadian federal agency charged with prevention programs is known as __________.

A) CCSA
B) CAMH
C) CAS
D) Health Canada

Question 70

Resilience is the inclination to resist the__________ in one's life through the ________.

A) negative impact of risk factors; positive impact of protective factors
B) positive impact of risk factors; negative impact of protective factors
C) positive impact of risk factors; positive impact of protective factors
D) negative impact of risk factors; negative impact of protective factors

Question 71

The principal criterion for a school-based prevention program's success is __________.

A) the support it enjoys from parents and students
B) the support it enjoys from parents and teachers
C) the extent to which drug-taking behaviour shows a decline relative to a suitable control group
D) the extent to which teachers and parents show a change in their pattern of drug-taking behaviour

Question 72

Analogy: Vaccines are to infectious disease as __________ is to drug-taking behaviour.

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) intermediate prevention

Question 73

Primary prevention programs are enhanced when education is combined with__________.

A) 12-step programs
B) community action
C) secondary prevention programs
D) drug-abuse rehabilitation

Question 74

Analogy: A person on methadone maintenance is to a youngster naive to drug-taking behaviour as __________.

A) secondary prevention is to tertiary prevention
B) tertiary prevention is to primary prevention
C) primary prevention is to secondary prevention
D) tertiary prevention is to secondary prevention

Question 75

Generally, as protective factors ________, one's resilience ________.

A) increase; decreases
B) increase; increases
C) decrease; increases
D) decrease; is not affected

Question 76

Among all of the available drugs in Canadian society, ________ causes the largest number of deaths.

A) alcohol
B) tobacco
C) crack cocaine
D) marijuana

Question 77

The average adolescent listens to ____ of popular music per day, and there are approximately ___ explicit references to substance use heard during this time.

A) 2.4 hours; 84
B) 1.2 hours; 22
C) 9.5 hours; 175
D) 14.4 hours; 275

Question 78

A program that reduces the likelihood of relapse among former heroin abusers would fit under the category of __________.

A) primary prevention
B) secondary prevention
C) tertiary prevention
D) intermediate prevention

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT a category associated with the cost of substance abuse in Canada?

A) direct health care costs
B) direct law enforcement costs
C) direct education costs
D) All of the choices are categories associated with the cost of substance abuse.

Question 80

The Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (CCSA) is a useful source for prevention issues and strategies.