Deck 6: Lsd and Other Hallucinogens

Question 1

It is virtually impossible to "come down" from LSD at will.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

LSD was made illegal in Canada in 1966.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A hallucination is the distorted perception of something that really exists.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The most widely known hallucinogen, LSD, does not exist in nature.

Question 5

Millions of deaths in Canada have been attributed solely to LSD overdose.

Question 6

Psychedelic means "mind-reducing."

Question 7

The peak effects of LSD occur about 30 to 60 minutes after oral consumption.

Question 8

Approximately 6000 plant species have psychoactive properties.

Question 9

MDMA (Ecstasy) is a hallucinogen chemically related to norepinephrine.

Question 10

LSD use is highly likely to result in drug dependence.

Question 11

Drugs chemically related to dopamine make up one of the three principal categories of hallucinogens.

Question 12

PCP and ketamine are chemically related to the neurotransmitter serotonin.

Question 13

Outbreaks of ergotism have been recorded from the Middle Ages to recent times.

Question 14

The toxicity of LSD is low.

Question 15

Albert Hofmann worked for Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert at Harvard University.

Question 16

Synesthesia refers to an intermingling of visual and auditory sensations.

Question 17

LSD dosage levels are approximately the same as those experienced in the 1960s and the 1970s.

Question 18

LSD is one of the most powerful psychoactive drugs known.

Question 19

Research has shown that LSD panic leads to a more permanent psychiatric breakdown.

Question 20

Timothy Leary's work with hallucinogens at Harvard University was conducted with the strictest scientific rigour.

Question 21

The ayahuasca drink, employed by many South American shamans, contains harmine.

Question 22

LSD mimics the experience of schizophrenic psychosis.

Question 23

Data indicates that LSD is beneficial for treating alcoholism.

Question 24

LSD and mescaline share a common brain mechanism.

Question 25

Street Ecstasy is much more dangerous than pure MDMA.

Question 26

The principal acute toxic effect of MDMA is severe hyperthermia.

Question 27

Since the early 1990s, MDMA has become prominent among the new club drugs.

Question 28

Flashbacks never occur with someone who has used LSD one time only.

Question 29

"Ecstasy" is now a street drug, but it has been formerly used in psychiatry, under the name of DOM.

Question 30

There is a strong relationship between LSD and violent behaviour.

Question 31

LSD produces more strongly visual hallucinations than psilocybin.

Question 32

LSD has been documented to increase artistic creativity but not musical creativity.

Question 33

Though there is no scientific evidence to prove it, much of society believes LSD causes genetic damage.

Question 34

Mandrake contains a combination of atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine.

Question 35

The hallucinogen mescaline is derived from a spineless cactus called peyote.

Question 36

Harmine has been referred to as "the businessman's LSD."

Question 37

Research has shown a link between LSD use and high rates of birth defects.

Question 38

Psilocin is an inactive form of psilocybin.

Question 39

Psilocybin comes from plants native to mountainous regions of northern Asia.

Question 40

MDMA is also known as Herbal Ecstasy.

Question 41

Previously ingested as a pill, PCP is typically smoked in more recent instances of abuse.

Question 42

Phencyclidine (PCP) was once used medically as a surgical anaesthetic.

Question 43

Which of the following terms has NOT been used to define LSD?

A) psychomimetic
B) psychodysleptic
C) psychodiuretic
D) psycholytic

Question 44

Amanita muscaria drugs block the effects of serotonin.

Question 45

Datura plants yield hallucinogens chemically related to serotonin.

Question 46

Amanita mushrooms produce heightened aggressive behaviour.

Question 47

The active ingredient in Amanita muscaria is muscarine.

Question 48

One element of early experiences with LSD was __________.

A) the intermingling of visual and auditory sensations
B) the extreme paranoia that resulted
C) the sense of extreme tranquility and peace
D) the mild convulsive seizures

Question 49

Which of the following terms is associated with spiritual hallucinations and means "generating the divine within"?

A) psychedelic
B) psychogenic
C) entheogenic
D) celestiogenic

Question 50

Salvia is classified as an illicit drug in Canada.

Question 51

Angel dust is another name for LSD.

Question 52

The hallucinogen most closely associated with date rape is ketamine.

Question 53

When first testing LSD, Hofmann __________.

A) did not react in any way
B) felt the sensation of bugs on his skin
C) experienced hallucinations
D) fell into a deep sleep for several hours

Question 54

Hofmann's first "acid trip" occurred when LSD accidentally __________.

A) made contact with his fingertips
B) was breathed in as a vapour
C) spilled onto Hofmann's lap
D) attached itself to Hofmann's briefcase

Question 55

The term "psychedelic" literally means __________.

A) mind-dissolving
B) mind-disrupting
C) mind- and food-oriented
D) mind-expanding

Question 56

The biggest hazard of ketamine is depression of breathing.

Question 57

The actual discoverer of LSD in 1943 was __________.

A) Adam Sertürner
B) Albert Hofmann
C) a Navajo shaman in Arizona
D) Richard Alpert

Question 58

Which descriptor is the most negative one with regard to hallucinogens?

A) psychedelic
B) psychotomimetic
C) psychodysleptic
D) psycholytic

Question 59

Which of the following is an example of a hallucination?

A) Seeing an image that is not real
B) Hearing a voice that is louder than the voice everyone else hears
C) Being able to sense that something will happen before it actually happens
D) both A and C

Question 60

The first deliberate testing of LSD involved a dosage __________.

A) approximately equivalent to levels ingested during the 1970s
B) 100 times the typical dose for LSD
C) 5 times the typical dose for LSD
D) much smaller than the typical dose for LSD

Question 61

The earliest hallucinogen sessions at Harvard University __________.

A) were not under medical supervision
B) involved Leary taking the hallucinogen along with the experimental participants
C) were totally unstructured
D) had objective observers reporting the responses of the experimental participants

Question 62

The experience of ingesting a hallucinogen might be best described as __________.

A) hallucinogenic rather than illusionogenic
B) illusionogenic rather than hallucinogenic
C) psycholytic rather than psychedelic
D) schizophrenic rather than normal

Question 63

Drugs that closely resemble all of the following neurotransmitters except ______ comprise the three principal categories of hallucinations.

A) serotonin
B) norepinepherine
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine

Question 64

Infected rye grain can result in symptoms of __________.

A) panic attack
B) intoxication
C) ergotism
D) mescalinism

Question 65

Ingestion of ergot can lead to __________.

A) gangrene, burning pain, and loss of limbs
B) euphoria and significantly increased energy
C) irritability and stupor
D) an odd sense of peace and tranquility

Question 66

Research at the University of Saskatchewan in the 1950s showed promising results for LSD as a treatment for __________.

A) Parkinson's disease
B) alcoholism
C) anorexia
D) panic attacks

Question 67

Timothy Leary's first hallucinogenic experience involved the ingestion of __________.

A) psilocybin mushrooms
B) DOM
C) LSD
D) peyote seeds

Question 68

PCP and ketamine are two hallucinogens that are chemically related to __________.

A) serotonin
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) no known neurotransmitters

Question 69

LSD was accidentally discovered in a program of research focusing upon efforts to reduce __________.

A) schizophrenic symptoms
B) the abuse potential of sleeping pills
C) bleeding in uterine muscle
D) symptoms of heroin withdrawal

Question 70

Atropine and scopolamine are two hallucinogens that are chemically related to __________.

A) serotonin
B) norepinephrine
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine

Question 71

A hallucinogen that is chemically similar to norepinephrine is __________.

A) LSD
B) harmine
C) mescaline
D) PCP

Question 72

Psilocybin is found in __________.

A) mouldy rye grain
B) mushrooms
C) tainted water
D) gelatin chips

Question 73

Technically, a drug such as _______ could be classified as a hallucinogen when dose levels are very high.

A) heroin
B) cocaine
C) Valium
D) codeine

Question 74

LSD, psilocybin, and morning glory seeds are hallucinogens chemically similar to __________.

A) serotonin
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) no known neurotransmitters

Question 75

LSD-25 was the official name for LSD because __________.

A) the year of its discovery was the twenty-fifth anniversary of the laboratory in which it was first isolated
B) it was the twenty-fifth variation to be tested
C) it was discovered on July 25, 1943
D) it was approximately 25 times more potent than mescaline

Question 76

In early research on hallucinogens, Leary and Alpert studied __________.

A) first LSD and later psilocybin
B) first psilocybin and later LSD
C) first prescription hallucinogens and later illicit ones
D) first the reactions of other people and later their own

Question 77

LSD was added to the Food and Drug Act in Canada in __________, thus carrying penalties for sale and distribution.

A) 1953
B) 1966
C) 1967
D) 1970

Question 78

Ergot is a fungus __________.

A) found atop desert cactus plants
B) in mouldy rye grain
C) attached to morning glory seeds
D) related to penicillin

Question 79

Timothy Leary originally was a __________.

A) chemist
B) sociologist
C) writer
D) clinical psychologist

Question 80

LSD was originally researched to be a potential treatment for __________.

A) Parkinson's disease
B) schizophrenia
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) panic attacks