Question 1

A 45-year-old man presents to his dermatologist with a skin condition. The patient was bitten on the leg by a dog and then developed a red, warm, painful, swollen area in the region of the bite. The physician suspects

A) boils
B) impetigo
C) rosacea
D) sebaceous cyst
E) cellulitis

E

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with cellulitis, which is a bacterial skin infection characterized by redness, warmth, swelling, and pain in the affected area. It commonly occurs after a break in the skin, such as from a bite, and can be serious if left untreated. Boils and sebaceous cysts typically present as localized lesions or lumps rather than diffuse swelling, impetigo is a superficial skin infection often seen in children, and rosacea typically presents as redness and flushing of the face.

Question 2

Melanocytes are located in which of the following layers of the epidermis?&#10;A) stratum corneum&#10;B) stratum lucidum&#10;C) stratum granulosum&#10;D) stratum spinosum&#10;E) stratum basale

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes are located in the stratum basale, also known as the basal cell layer. This is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced.

Question 3

Identify the layer at the arrow tip  &#10;A) stratum basale&#10;B) stratum spinosum&#10;C) stratum granulosum&#10;D) stratum lucidum&#10;E) stratum corneum

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

The encircled structure  &#10;A) is a mechanoreceptor&#10;B) manufactures sebum&#10;C) manufactures a mucous secretion&#10;D) manufactures sweat&#10;E) is the duct of a sweat gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of The encircled structure  &#10;A) is a...

Question 5

Sebaceous glands are classified as&#10;A) apocrine glands&#10;B) compound glands&#10;C) holocrine glands&#10;D) simple coiled tubular glands&#10;E) mixed glands

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous glands are classified as holocrine glands because their secretion (sebum) is produced by the disintegration and rupture of entire cells.

Question 6

The structure at the tip of the arrow  &#10;A) is a mechanoreceptor&#10;B) manufactures sebum&#10;C) manufactures a mucous secretion&#10;D) manufactures sweat&#10;E) is the duct of a sweat gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structure at the tip of the...

Question 7

A 24-year-old man with AIDS sees his physician because of brown, oval patches that started on his toes and have spread to his face. The physician should suspect&#10;A) Bowen's disease&#10;B) rosacea&#10;C) melanoma&#10;D) squamous cell carcinoma&#10;E) Kaposi's sarcoma

Accepted Answer

The brown, oval patches that started on the toes and spread to the face in a patient with AIDS are most likely Kaposi's sarcoma. This type of cancer is often seen in AIDS patients and can appear as purplish-brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. Other options, such as Bowen's disease, rosacea, melanoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, would not typically present in this manner or in this patient population.

Question 8

A young African American child is taken to his dermatologist by his parents, who are concerned by a lack of pigmentation in some regions of his body. The dermatologist should suspect&#10;A) albinism&#10;B) tinea versicolor&#10;C) vitiligo&#10;D) squamous cell carcinoma&#10;E) melanoma

Accepted Answer

Vitiligo is a condition where there is a loss of pigmentation in certain regions of the body. It is commonly seen in individuals with darker skin pigmentation, and is believed to be an autoimmune disorder. Albinism is a genetic disorder where there is a lack of melanin production throughout the body, leading to a complete lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes. Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection that leads to hypopigmented, scaly patches on the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are both types of skin cancer and are not likely to present with a lack of pigmentation as the primary symptom.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is not correct concerning skin?&#10;A) melanocytes possess tyrosinase, which is located in the endosomes&#10;B) Merkel cells are mechanoreceptors&#10;C) Langerhans cells are derived from the bone marrow&#10;D) cells of the stratum granulosum possess keratohyaline granules&#10;E) cells of the stratum spinosum possess membrane-coating granules

Accepted Answer

Tyrosinase, an enzyme crucial in the synthesis of melanin, is located in the melanosomes of melanocytes, not in the endosomes.

Question 10

A medical student playing softball chased the ball through a field populated with patches of poison ivy. The student's skin came in contact with the poisonous plant. Which of the following cells processes and presents the plant antigen to initiate the immune response of the skin?

A) T helper cell
B) cytotoxic T lymphocyte
C) plasma cell
D) Langerhans cell
E) T reg cell

Accepted Answer

Langerhans cells are specialized immune cells found in the skin that are responsible for processing and presenting antigens (such as those from the poison ivy plant) to activate an immune response. T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and plasma cells are involved in different aspects of the immune response, but are not directly responsible for antigen presentation in the skin. T reg cells are regulatory T cells that help control the immune response, but are not directly involved in antigen presentation.

Question 11

Which of the following is correct about freckles? They&#10;A) are hyperpigmented spots on the skin&#10;B) are an increased number of melanocytes in the dermis&#10;C) are an increased number of melanocytes in the epidermis&#10;D) fade in the summer&#10;E) darken in the winter

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is correct about...

Question 12

Cells of the stratum spinosum are attached to each other by&#10;A) zonulae adherentes&#10;B) zonulae occludentes&#10;C) desmosomes&#10;D) fasciae adherentes&#10;E) hemidesmosomes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cells of the stratum spinosum are attached...

Question 13

Which of the following infections of the skin is caused by a Corynebacterium?&#10;A) athlete's foot&#10;B) scalp ringworm&#10;C) jock itch&#10;D) erythrasma&#10;E) scabies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following infections of the...

Question 14

A 30-year-old-healthy patient presents to his family physician with a scaly, red, crusty area on his forehead that does not appear to heal. The physician determines that the lesion has increased in size. The physician should suspect

A) sunburn
B) rosacea
C) melanoma
D) squamous cell carcinoma
E) Kaposi's sarcoma

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 30-year-old-healthy patient presents to his family...

Deck 13: Integument