Question 1

Display rules involve universal,biologically based emotional displays evoked by particular emotional situations.

Accepted Answer

Display rules are not universal or biologically based, but rather are learned through cultural and social norms. They dictate when, where, and how it is appropriate to express certain emotions in a given culture.

Question 2

The facial feedback hypothesis and the James-Lange theory are conceptually very similar.

Accepted Answer

Both the facial feedback hypothesis and the James-Lange theory propose that physiological responses in the body, such as changes in facial expressions or bodily sensations, lead to the experience of emotions. The main difference between the two is that the James-Lange theory suggests a one-way relationship, where physiological responses cause emotions, while the facial feedback hypothesis proposes a two-way relationship, where facial expressions both reflect and influence emotional experience.

Question 3

Children who are born both deaf and blind show the same facial expressions and emotions as people who see and hear.

Accepted Answer

Despite their lack of sight and hearing, children who are born deaf and blind still have the ability to express emotions and communicate through facial expressions and body language. Research has shown that they can form strong emotional connections with others, and can even develop their own unique forms of communication such as tactile sign language.

Question 4

Maslow hypothesized movement through a hierarchy of needs,beginning with survival needs for sleep,food,and water and reaching needs for self-actualization.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately reflects Maslow's theory of a hierarchy of needs, in which individuals must first meet their basic physiological needs (e.g. for sleep, food, and water) before progressing towards higher level needs such as self-actualization.

Question 5

Sexual orientation is defined primarily by whether or not an individual engages in same-sex behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Sexual orientation is not solely defined by behaviour, but also includes romantic and emotional attraction towards individuals of the same or different genders. It is a complex and personal aspect of one's identity.

Question 6

Children are most likely to succeed on a test when they have mastery motivation and an approach goal for studying.

Accepted Answer

Mastery motivation means that a child is motivated to learn and improve their skills, rather than just achieving a certain grade or outcome. Having an approach goal means that the child is focused on succeeding and doing well, rather than avoiding failure. These two factors combined can lead to greater success on tests and overall academic achievement.

Question 7

The polygraph detects the physiological patterns of responses that are specific to lying.

Accepted Answer

The polygraph measures physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, and sweating, but these responses are not specific to lying and can be triggered by anxiety, nervousness, or other factors.

Question 8

Loneliness is a risk factor for illnesses such as heart disease and cancer.

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have linked loneliness to various health risks, including a higher risk of developing heart disease and certain types of cancer. This is because loneliness can increase inflammation in the body and cause stress, which can have negative impacts on the immune system and overall health.

Deck 11: A: Motivation and Emotion