Deck 5: Narcotics: Opium, Heroin, and Synthetic Opiates

Question 1

By the 1940s,heroin abuse was widespread in practically every level of society.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Codeine is ten times stronger than morphine.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Laudanum originated in Cyprus during the Late Bronze Age, about 1200 B. C.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Smuggling of raw opium increased as a result of the Harrison Act of 1914.

Question 5

The Sears Company advertised and sold products containing opium in the late 1800s.

Question 6

In 1942,growing opium poppies became illegal in the United States.

Question 7

The original provision of the Harrison Act of was to require the registration of prescribed opiates,not to ban them.

Question 8

Morphine is approximately ten times stronger than raw opium.

Question 9

Sydenham's Laudanum contained opium.

Question 10

Men outnumbered women in opium use in the nineteenth century by a ratio of three to one.

Question 11

Laudanum is a form of opium that was typically smoked.

Question 12

The term "narcotic" refers to any illicit psychoactive drug.

Question 13

The acceptable form of taking Sydenham's Laudanum in America and Europe was by smoking the opium.

Question 14

China invented a novel form of opium use: opium smoking.

Question 15

After the Civil War,opiate dependence in general was so widespread among returning veterans that the condition was often called the "soldier's disease."

Question 16

The yellow California poppy does not have any psychoactive ingredients.

Question 17

Laudanum was very popular in Britain but largely unknown in the United States until about 1945.

Question 18

The Opium War (1842-1860)resulted from China's insistence in exporting opium to other countries of the world

Question 19

Heroin is about three times stronger than morphine.

Question 20

Morphine is an example of a natural component of opium.

Question 21

Naloxone is a pure antagonist to morphine in the brain.

Question 22

Endorphins and naloxone share the same effects on morphine-sensitive receptors in the brain.

Question 23

The major source of heroin prior to was from "the Golden Triangle" region of Asia.

Question 24

In the 1960s, heroin sold in the United States was about 90 percent to 98 percent pure.

Question 25

Long-term heroin abuse can result in strong conditioned-learning effects having to do with the social setting where the heroin was used.

Question 26

Naloxone only has an effect when morphine is already in the body.

Question 27

An individual's first experience with heroin is one of extreme euphoria and a physiological state of calm.

Question 28

Heroin withdrawal symptoms are often fatal.

Question 29

During the mid-1980s,synthetic forms of heroin,such as heroin derived from fentanyl,began to appear on the streets,created in illegal drug laboratories.

Question 30

Morphine-sensitive receptors exist in the brain.

Question 31

Mainlining is a term that refers to snorting heroin.

Question 32

The brain produces its own "opiate-like" substances called endorphins.

Question 33

Vietnamese heroin, as consumed by U.S. soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War, was 90 to 98 percent pure.

Question 34

Chemical modifications of fentanyl known as "China White" were approximately from three to five times (never more than ten times)stronger than heroin.

Question 35

Black tar is the name given to a type of Colombian heroin.

Question 36

Diarrhea is one of the symptoms of heroin consumption.

Question 37

Long-term constipation is an effect of heroin use.

Question 38

Physiological changes in the body during heroin use include a release of histamine in the bloodstream,respiratory depression,and increased blood pressure.

Question 39

If the dose level is low,then tolerance effects will be more dramatic than if the dose level is high.

Question 40

Opiate antagonists block the effects of morphine.

Question 41

In the United States,a Schedule I drug such as heroin can be used legally only for medical purposes.

Question 42

LAAM is a synthetic opiate that has a longer duration than methadone.

Question 43

Heroin is a Schedule III drug,along with codeine.

Question 44

Few heroin-related deaths are attributed to the chronic effects of heroin alone.

Question 45

OxyContin taken orally is just as powerful as OxyContin that is crushed into a powder and snorted.

Question 46

"Cold turkey" refers to the onset of chills during heroin withdrawal.

Question 47

If a heroin user takes his regular dose of heroin in an unfamiliar setting,the effect on the user may be different than if he took it in his regular setting.

Question 48

Chipping is a term referring to the practice of controlled or paced heroin intake.

Question 49

The process of controlled,medically supervised heroin withdrawal is called detoxification.

Question 50

Methadone maintenance programs help all heroin abusers.

Question 51

Methadone blocks the abusers craving to get high.

Question 52

Many argue that methadone maintenance programs substitute one addiction for another.

Question 53

In recent years,a sustained-release version of buprenorphine administered by injection was developed,and now heroin abusers in treatment need to visit a physician's office only on a monthly basis

Question 54

From a long-term perspective,compared to other drugs,heroin is relatively nontoxic.

Question 55

Methadone treatment must be administered in a drug treatment center.

Question 56

Needle freaks often inject needles into their skin and experience heroin-like effects even if no heroin is present.

Question 57

OxyContin abusers are typically young white males.

Question 58

OxyContin was originally thought to be safe from potential abuse.

Question 59

Dextromethorphan is a narcotic drug used for antitussive purposes.

Question 60

Loperamide (brand name: Imodium)effectively controls diarrhea symptoms but does not produce psychoactive effects because the drug cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.

Question 61

In terms of their psychoactive properties,narcotics include the following drug(s): __________.

A)morphine
B)cocaine
C)opiates in general
D)both morphine and opiates in general

Question 62

Sydenham's Laudanum was a variation of a drink that had been promoted by ________ about a hundred years earlier.

A)Paracelsus
B)Galen
C)Laudanum
D)DeQuincey

Question 63

Which country is not prominent in the world harvesting of opium?

A)Finland
B)Myanmar (formerly Burma)
C)Vietnam
D)Colombia

Question 64

Opium is harvested by __________.

A)tapping into the trunk of the opium poppy tree during the springtime
B)incising the seed capsule of the poppy,allowing a white juice to ooze out
C)grinding up large poppy leaves into a powder
D)pressing opium poppy petals into a thick paste

Question 65

The term "narcotic" comes from the Greek word meaning __________.

A)stupor
B)painlessness
C)illegal
D)governmental

Question 66

According to the University of Michigan survey,nonmedical use of OxyContin has increased in recent years.

Question 67

In 2008,OxyContin was withdrawn from the market due to its high potential for abuse.

Question 68

Natural components of opium are usually categorized as __________.

A)synthetic opiates
B)opiates
C)thebaine derivatives
D)variations of heroin

Question 69

Opium poppies are NOT __________.

A)white
B)pink
C)yellow
D)purple

Question 70

At one time,which one of the following drugs was inappropriately classified as a narcotic?

A)codeine
B)cocaine
C)thebaine
D)synthetic opiates

Question 71

An early Greek physician named Claudius Galen __________.

A)was an outspoken opponent of opium abuse
B)was strangely uninformed with respect to the medical benefits of opium
C)gave only limited approval of opium's benefits
D)prescribed opium for practically everything

Question 72

All three categories of narcotic drugs share the following common feature: __________.

A)an extreme level of dependence
B)a chemical similarity to morphine or its derivatives
C)they each represent an illicit street drug
D)an ability to produce analgesia

Question 73

In the 1500s,a medicinal drink was introduced containing opium,wine,and an assortment of spices.This drink became known as __________.

A)heroin
B)Paracelsus
C)morphade
D)laudanum

Question 74

Synthetic opiates __________.

A)are chemically related to morphine
B)produce behavioral effects that are different from effects produced by opiates
C)are opiate-like in their actions
D)have no potential for abuse

Question 75

Which poppy flower yields opium?

A)opium poppy
B)yellow California poppy
C)red oriental poppy
D)all of the above

Question 76

Opium smoking was invented by __________.

A)Paracelsus
B)Galen
C)the Chinese
D)Greek Cypriots

Question 77

From around 1880,the acceptable form of taking opium among Europeans and Americans was __________.

A)smoking
B)injecting it
C)drinking it
D)smoking it

Question 78

Morphine,codeine,and thebaine are all natural components of __________.

A)heroin
B)CNS depressants
C)opium
D)coca leaves

Question 79

According to the text,what is the most important characteristic of narcotics?

A)They greatly reduce feelings of pain.
B)They are mostly available as over-the-counter drugs.
C)They are very inexpensive.
D)both A and B

Question 80

Narcotics are defined as __________.

A)any illicit psychoactive drug
B)any drug that causes some degree of dependence
C)drugs that produce a dream-like effect
D)both A and B