Deck 12: Performance Enhancing Drugs and Drug Testing in Sports

Question 1

The effect that promotes the development of protein and increases muscle tissue is known as androgenic.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

One of the beneficial applications of steroids is to help reduce the severity of symptoms resulting from liver cancer.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Anabolic steroids tend to stimulate growth hormone,producing great height when taken during adolescence.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Severe acne,especially on the shoulders and back,is one of the side effects of steroid abuse.

Question 5

Steroid use was completely out in the open during the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City.

Question 6

In 2004,the World Anti-Doping Code was created as an agreed-upon list of prohibited performance-enhancing drugs and performance-enhancing methods in international sports competitions,testing procedures for their use,and specific penalties for violations.

Question 7

A lower voice is one of the reversible side effects of steroid abuse among female athletes.

Question 8

Anabolic steroid drugs alter both the behavior and physical body of the user.

Question 9

Adrenocortical steroids are ergogenic in the same sense as anabolic steroids.

Question 10

1Greek athletes took LSD to help them in the earliest Olympic Games (around 300B.C. ).

Question 11

Steroid use was largely limited to athletes in strength events until the mid-1990s.

Question 12

Athletes competing in the Olympic Games in 2000 recited an oath not to use drugs in the competition.

Question 13

By the 1970s and 1980s,virtually all the NFL teams were familiar with steroids.

Question 14

Priapism is a form of drug-related impotence.

Question 15

Some athletes use HCG to counter the undesirable effects of anabolic steroids.

Question 16

Anabolic steroids do not cause androgenic effects.

Question 17

Anabolic steroids are actually anabolic-androgenic steroids.

Question 18

In the condition called gynecomastia,male breasts enlarge.

Question 19

All anabolic steroids are based upon alterations of the testosterone molecule.

Question 20

"Roid rage" refers to the aggressiveness and mood swings among steroid users.

Question 21

Muscle dysmorphia is a kind of reverse anorexia,where the sufferer thinks that his or her musculature is less developed than it really is.

Question 22

Possession of small quantities of steroids is a misdemeanor offence in all of the United States.

Question 23

False positives occur with the EIA test but not with the GC/MS test.

Question 24

Anabolic steroids are now classified as controlled substances under Schedule III.

Question 25

When abusers abstain from anabolic steroid use,signs of depression are likely to develop.

Question 26

Anabolic steroids increase strength in adolescents,but stunt overall body growth.

Question 27

An increased risk of acromegaly is an unfortunate side effect of hGH.

Question 28

The practice of taking any steroid that is available is known as stacking.

Question 29

Androstenedione and creatine are examples of dietary supplements rather than anabolic steroids.

Question 30

EIA is the only testing procedure which can screen for anabolic steroids.

Question 31

GC/MS is simpler and less expensive than EIA as a drug test.

Question 32

Passive inhalation of marijuana smoke can result in a false-positive indication of marijuana use on a drug screening test.

Question 33

Although the FDA classifies dietary supplements as drugs,they may be marketed and sold without a prescription.

Question 34

Athletes are more resistant to placebo effects than non-athletes because they are more attuned to their bodies.

Question 35

States have their own laws concerning anabolic steroids.In fact,while steroids are classified as a Schedule II drug in some states,other states classify it as a Schedule III drug.

Question 36

Short-term use of creatine has been found to produce muscle cramping.

Question 37

There is currently no regulatory authority over the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements.

Question 38

The practice of taking steroids for periods lasting four to eighteen weeks is known as stacking.

Question 39

Human growth hormone (hGH)acts as an antagonist to more anabolic steroids.

Question 40

Research has shown that prevention programs such as ATLAS are not effective among adolescents under the age of seventeen.

Question 41

By 1900,athletes had experimented with the effects of __________.

A)cocaine
B)barbiturates
C)caffeine
D)all of the above

Question 42

The substantial likelihood of yielding a false-positive result is an indication that test specificity is low.

Question 43

Adrenocortical steroids __________.

A)can have catabolic effects
B)reduce inflammation
C)can lead to muscle atrophy over long-term use
D)all of the above

Question 44

In 1886,a Welsh cyclist died while competing in a cross-country race due to ingestion of a combination of heroin and cocaine called a __________.

A)"hardball"
B)"speedball"
C)"curveball"
D)"golfball"

Question 45

Analogy: _______ is to increase in body hair as ______ is to increase in muscle tissue.

A)ergogenic;anabolic
B)anabolic;ergogenic
C)androgenic;anabolic
D)anabolic;androgenic

Question 46

The first use of anabolic steroids was in the treatment of __________.

A)anemia
B)insomnia and agitation
C)schizophrenic symptoms
D)hypertension

Question 47

Available anabolic steroids are administered __________.

A)orally
B)through intramuscular injection
C)both A and B
D)neither A nor B

Question 48

Analogy: Upward-changing is to anabolic as downward-changing is to__________.

A)androgenic
B)super-anabolic
C)depressant
D)catabolic

Question 49

The two primary effects testosterone has on the human body are _______and ________.

A)androgenic;anabolic
B)androgenic;adrenocortical
C)adrenocortical;anabolic
D)anabolic;stanzodol

Question 50

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are all patterned after the molecule of __________.

A)estrogen
B)amphetamine
C)testosterone
D)glucocorticoid

Question 51

Recent surveys indicate a decreasing concern among male adolescents about the appearance of their bodies.

Question 52

Androgenic literally means __________.

A)muscle-increasing
B)man-producing
C)gender-changing
D)sex-enhancing

Question 53

Any substance that enhances the performance of some task is called __________.

A)androgenic
B)anabolic
C)adrenocortical
D)ergogenic

Question 54

If the interval between use and testing is long and the elimination half-life is long,urinanalysis can sometimes produce a positive result where oral fluid testing would not.

Question 55

Anabolic steroid drugs are patterned after __________.

A)estrogen
B)testosterone
C)endorphins
D)amino acids

Question 56

Catabolic steroids tend to __________.

A)strengthen muscles
B)weaken muscles
C)increase muscle tissue
D)promote protein development

Question 57

Eastern European women athletes in the 1960s and 1970s were frequently accused of being __________.

A)men disguised as women
B)results of genetic mutations
C)bred for athletic prowess
D)both A and B

Question 58

Anabolic literally means __________.

A)muscle-increasing
B)strength-inducing
C)upward-changing
D)work-improving

Question 59

The aim of ergogenic steroids is to __________.

A)emphasize anabolic effects and de-emphasize androgenic effects
B)emphasize androgenic effects and de-emphasize anabolic effects
C)emphasize both anabolic and androgenic effects
D)de-emphasize both anabolic and androgenic effects

Question 60

Anabolic-androgenic steroids will have androgenic effects due to __________.

A)the masculinizing effects of testosterone
B)the ergogenic effects of testosterone
C)the reduction in cortical mass
D)both A and B

Question 61

According to the text,a study on anabolic steroid use and psychological problems found that __________.

A)testosterone increased manic behavior and feelings of aggressiveness,but individual reactions varied
B)testosterone decreased manic behavior and increased feelings of aggressiveness
C)anabolic steroid use did not affect testosterone levels
D)whether or not the testosterone produced aggressive behavior depended on the timing of the drug use

Question 62

Gynecomastia refers to __________.

A)the enlargement of breasts
B)the development of female genitalia
C)the loss of facial hair
D)profound sterility

Question 63

HCG is sometimes used in an attempt __________.

A)to increase the potency of anabolic steroids
B)to counter the undesirable effects of anabolic steroids
C)to diagnose the presence of anabolic steroids
D)to increase body strength by reducing the functioning of the testes

Question 64

Overall body growth is stunted in steroid-abusing adolescents __________.

A)because growth hormone is suppressed
B)as is muscular development
C)while the onset of puberty in girls is earlier than usual
D)while the growth in height is frequently accelerated

Question 65

One of the documented health hazards from chronic use of anabolic steroids is the development of __________.

A)cardiovascular difficulties
B)liver tumors
C)heart attacks
D)none of the above

Question 66

As of 1990,Congress classified anabolic steroids as _____ controlled substances.

A)Schedule I
B)Schedule II
C)Schedule III
D)Schedule IV

Question 67

A potentially fatal result of taking anabolic steroids (which is reversible once the anabolic steroids are stopped)is __________.

A)cardiovascular difficulties
B)brain tumors
C)liver abnormalities
D)stopped menstruation

Question 68

As a result of the presence of anabolic steroids in male users,__________.

A)testosterone secretions increase
B)testicles shrink
C)the voice becomes more girl-like
D)acquired sterility is irreversible

Question 69

Anabolic steroids produce all of the following effects except __________.

A)loss of facial hair
B)severe acne
C)baldness
D)increased sebaceous gland activity

Question 70

Analogy: Gynecomastia is to breast as priapism is to __________.

A)men
B)penis
C)prostate gland
D)hair

Question 71

20 From 1975 to 1985,official programs existed for administering anabolic steroids to competitive swimmers in what country?

A)East Germany
B)Japan
C)United States
D)Rumania

Question 72

Ironically,as a result of anabolic steroid use increasing testosterone levels,__________.

A)the testes stop producing testosterone
B)sperm count decreases
C)the testicles shrink
D)all of the above

Question 73

Which of the following athletic organizations does NOT conduct testing for steroids?

A)Major League Baseball
B)National Football League
C)National Hockey League
D)All of the above organizations conduct steroid testing.

Question 74

For most athletes,HCG makes matters worse rather than better because __________.

A)HCG is often mixed with other drugs which dilute the potency of the HCG
B)the dosages must be controlled carefully,and most athletes fail to do that
C)HCG only works for women
D)all of the above

Question 75

One of the adverse effects of anabolic steroids among adolescent males is __________.

A)excessive muscular development
B)a "girl-like" voice
C)a misshapen head
D)a stunting of overall body growth

Question 76

In 2004,the World Anti-Doping Code was created as an agreed upon list that __________.

A)set a standard list of banned drugs
B)established systems to test for specific drug use
C)identifies penalties for drug users
D)all of the above

Question 77

Which of the following effects of anabolic steroids on women is NOT reversible?

A)increased acne
B)increased sexual drive
C)increased facial hair
D)stopped menstruation

Question 78

The most frequently reported side effects of anabolic steroids among women,according to one study,are __________.

A)increased maternal instincts and lactation
B)decreased sexual drive and aggressiveness
C)lower voice and increased facial hair
D)increased appetite and body fat

Question 79

According to the text,which of the following are symptoms of "roid rage"?

A)increased aggressiveness and mood swings
B)high blood pressure
C)uncontrollable desire for another "steroid fix"
D)cardiovascular difficulties

Question 80

Adverse effects of HCG include __________.

A)headaches
B)retention of fluids
C)depression
D)all of the above