Deck 13: International Development

Question 1

Examples of small countries with large oil exports in the Middle East that have done well economically,but whose experience is not one that states in the global South without oil can follow,are __________.

A)Turkey,Iran,and Kuwait
B)Iraq,Egypt,and Saudi Arabia
C)Bahrain,Kuwait,and the United Arab Emirates
D)Jordan,Bahrain,and Syria

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In China,Mao Zedong implemented an economic policy in which the state controlled all economic activity.This type of economic policy is an example of __________.

A)laissez faire
B)capitalism
C)central planning
D)mercantilism

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Newly industrializing countries __________.

A)are periphery states that became core states
B)export heavy manufactured goods
C)have achieved self-sustaining capital accumulation
D)have raised income levels among a small elite

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The newly industrializing country that has developed competitive steel and automobile industries is __________.

A)Taiwan
B)Malaysia
C)Singapore
D)South Korea

Question 5

The central aspect of economic development is __________.

A)rising per capita income
B)capital accumulation
C)increasing skills of the population
D)the adoption of new technological styles

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of economic development?

A)technological accumulation
B)falling per capita incomes
C)increasing skills in the population
D)switching from manufacturing to service industries

Question 7

Antigovernment protests in China by students,workers,and some government officials took place in __________.

A)Tiananmen Square in 1989
B)Tiananmen Square in 1992
C)Shenzhen in 1989
D)Shenzhen in 1992

Question 8

According to world-system theory,the newly industrializing countries are categorized as __________.

A)core
B)periphery
C)semiperiphery
D)dependent states

Question 9

How is South Korea an example of the "four tigers"?

A)It creates enough capital accumulation to raise income levels across the population broadly.
B)It has a fairly stable state industrial policy,specializing in timber and mining.
C)It creates enough capital accumulation to raise the income levels of the nation's elite.
D)It creates enough industry to raise the expectations of the population broadly.

Question 10

__________ is a newly industrialized country that has focus primarily on trade.

A)Singapore
B)South Korea
C)Malaysia
D)Taiwan

Question 11

What impact has China's economic success had on its perspective on international relations?

A)boosted China's foreign aid to Russia
B)opened it to accepting preferential loans
C)gave it a more regional perspective
D)gave it a more global perspective

Question 12

Brazil is an example of a development model worthy of emulation because it has __________.

A)reined in spending,restricted inflation,and cut inequality
B)been selected to host the 2018 soccer World Cup
C)underspent on social programs to the detriment of its financial position
D)expanded its entertainment industry,invested in fisheries,and kept inflation stable

Question 13

Who was the Chinese leader responsible for instituting the economic reforms that have taken place there since the mid-1970s?

A)Mao Zedong
B)Jiang Zemin
C)Kim Il-Sung
D)Deng Xiaoping

Question 14

As part of its IMF conditionality agreement,India was required to __________.

A)subsidize its export sector
B)increase the amount of foreign currency reserves held in its central bank
C)reorient its economy to increase domestic consumption
D)sell off inefficient state-owned enterprises and reduce bureaucracy

Question 15

China's southern coastal provinces,under Deng Xiaoping,transformed into free economic zones,meaning the areas __________.

A)became open to foreign investment and were run on capitalist principles
B)played host to peasants who worked collective farms
C)became more dependent on local investment
D)became open to foreign investment,but were still run on closed-market principles

Question 16

Which Asian country has committed itself to economic reforms such as selling state-owned industries but was thrown into a severe economic crisis by the collapse of the Soviet Union?

A)Indonesia
B)Thailand
C)India
D)Bangladesh

Question 17

How did South Korea's prosperous economy compare with that of Taiwan?

A)South Korea focused on electronics and computer industries,while Taiwan focused on iron,coal,steel,and automobile industries.
B)South Korea focused on iron,coal,steel,and automobile industries,while Taiwan focused on electronics and computer industries.
C)South Korea focused on copper,diamonds,and timber,while Taiwan focused on defense and entertainment industries.
D)South Korea focused on electronics and other light industries,while Taiwan focused on banking and trade.

Question 18

In the 1970s,most of the global South prospered in regard to economic development,but in the 1980s,most of that region suffered a decrease in per capita __________.

A)distribution
B)education
C)GDP
D)natural resources

Question 19

Which of the following newly industrialized countries are more city-states than nation-states?

A)Taiwan and Hong Kong
B)Hong Kong and Singapore
C)Singapore and Malaysia
D)Malaysia and Taiwan

Question 20

The newly industrializing country that has competitive electronics and other light industries but specializes in banking and trade is __________.

A)Singapore
B)Thailand
C)Hong Kong
D)the Philippines

Question 21

Why does corruption have more of an effect on countries in the global South than on industrialized countries?

A)There is more surplus to keep economic growth going.
B)Multinational corporations invest more money in the global South than in industrialized countries.
C)Dependence on exporting a few products presents a greater opportunity for corruption than in a more diversified economy.
D)Too much money is needed to fund military action against rebel groups.

Question 22

What is a favorite starter industry for developing economies?

A)electronics
B)textiles
C)telecommunications
D)agriculture

Question 23

What is the main idea behind a joint venture?

A)co-ownership of a company by two local entities
B)ownership of a company by both a foreign entity and a local entity
C)joint ownership of a company by two foreign entities
D)ownership of a land property by two local entities

Question 24

How does import substitution compare with export-led growth?

A)Import substitution is effective in later phases of economic development,whereas export-led growth is effective in all phases of economic development.
B)Import substitution works best when the local industry is a service industry,whereas export-led growth works best when the exports are raw materials.
C)Import substitution has proven effective where it has been used,whereas export-led growth has had limited success.
D)Import substitution seeks to develop local industries to produce items that the country had been importing,whereas export-led growth seeks to develop local industries that can compete in specific niches in the world economy.

Question 25

With respect to loans from the IMF,__________.

A)the economic reforms required of countries varies depending on local cultural and economic conditions
B)the agreements are politically popular and widely accepted in countries in the global South
C)they send a signal to private lenders and investors regarding the wisdom of investing in that state
D)the goal is to spend the money on politically popular purposes to gain the citizens' support,regardless of their economic profit

Question 26

What are the features of microcredit?

A)small portions of money;poor people,especially women,as beneficiaries;the support of economic self-sufficiency
B)large portions of money;poor people,especially men,as beneficiaries;the support of economic self-sufficiency
C)small portions of money;wealthy people as beneficiaries;the support of economic self-sufficiency
D)must often be refinanced or restructured

Question 27

Conditionality is the controversial practice of __________ by which domestic economic reforms are required of countries agreeing to new loans.

A)the G8
B)the IMF
C)the World Bank
D)UNICEF

Question 28

Private capital flows to the global South were approximately what amount in 2014?

A)$10 billion
B)$200 billion
C)$700 billion
D)$2 trillion

Question 29

The exodus of medical professionals from Africa to Europe is an example of brain drain as it has the potential to __________.

A)spur economic development in Africa
B)impede economic development in Africa
C)impede economic development in Europe
D)spur economic growth for those medical professionals

Question 30

"Redistribution of income from North to South would create faster,more balanced,and stable global economic growth." This statement would be spoken by a __________.

A)mercantilist
B)socialist
C)capitalist
D)communalist

Question 31

The main forum in which developing countries have pursued concerns about international trade has been the __________.

A)World Trade Organization
B)United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
C)United Nations General Assembly
D)International Monetary Fund

Question 32

How does the income level and growth rate of Ethiopia compare with that of Iran?

A)Both Ethiopia's and Iran's growth rates have declined as their income levels have declined.
B)Ethiopia's growth rate has risen as its income level has declined,while Iran's growth rate has risen as its income level has risen.
C)Both Ethiopia's and Iran's growth rates have declined as their income levels have risen.
D)Ethiopia's growth rate has risen as its income level has declined,while Iran's growth rate has declined as its income level has risen.

Question 33

One of the most important components of stable,long-term economic growth for a developing state is the transfer of __________.

A)technology
B)proficient management
C)capital goods
D)legal ownership of property

Question 34

A default is an example of a drastic action,economically speaking,because it __________.

A)bolsters lenders' confidence,but results in cutoff of future loans
B)obliterates lenders' confidence,but results in future loans
C)obliterates lenders' confidence and results in cutoff of future loans
D)bolsters lenders' confidence and results in future loans

Question 35

"The North-South gap is a stage of world development in which capital accumulation is concentrated in the North.There is no practical way to shift wealth from the North to the South without undermining global economic growth." This statement would be spoken by a __________.

A)mercantilist
B)socialist
C)capitalist
D)reformist

Question 36

Despite the perception that an international debt crisis was "over" in 2001,which country in effect defaulted on its debts?

A)Mexico
B)Brazil
C)Argentina
D)North Korea

Question 37

What is the relationship between the form of a state's government and economic development?

A)Authoritarianism is necessary for economic development to take place.
B)Authoritarianism leads to political stability,which in turn encourages foreign investment.
C)Democracy has not accompanied economic development in a systematic or general way.
D)States that begin industrializing under authoritarianism but shift to democracy suffer economic decline.

Question 38

What country has by far been the most successful in utilizing foreign direct investment?

A)India
B)China
C)South Korea
D)Japan

Question 39

The group of state creditors that meets periodically to discuss the international debt situation and renegotiation is called the __________.

A)London Club
B)New York Club
C)Paris Club
D)Frankfurt Club

Question 40

Among the most corrupt countries in the world in 2014,according to Transparency International,were __________.

A)Nigeria and Indonesia
B)Sudan and Somalia
C)Brazil and Chile
D)Pakistan and India

Question 41

Unlike commercial loans,government-to-government development loans are often made on __________ terms,with long repayment times and low interest rates.

A)inflationary
B)concessionary
C)unfair
D)righteous

Question 42

States from Western Europe,North America,and East Asia have joined together to form the __________,from which more than 90 percent of government assistance flows.

A)UN Development Program
B)Paris Club
C)Peace Corps
D)Development Assistance Committee

Question 43

Attempts to promote South-South trade have been primarily __________.

A)impractical
B)effective
C)conducted among Middle Eastern countries
D)conducted among newly democratized countries

Question 44

The North and South have improved the debt situation in recent years for the global South.

Question 45

An important part in the economic development plans of the more impoverished states of the South is local assistance.

Question 46

The __________ provides U.S.volunteers for technical development assistance in states in the global South.

A)UN Development Program
B)Development Assistance Committee
C)Peace Corps
D)Paris Club

Question 47

Growth in the global South was strong after the 2008-2009 recession but has recently slowed.

Question 48

What are some key purposes of development assistance?

A)capitalist,humanitarian,and egalitarian
B)egalitarian,political,and environmental
C)capitalist,humanitarian,and the creation of future economic advantage for the receiver
D)political,humanitarian,and the creation of future economic advantage for the giver

Question 49

What is the model of development assistance by which short-term relief (food,water,and shelter)is provided to victims of natural disasters or war?

A)Oxfam
B)handout
C)disaster relief
D)private agency

Question 50

The leading success story in economic development is China.

Question 51

__________ is not normally included in development assistance.

A)Military aid
B)Food aid
C)Loan money
D)Grant money

Question 52

Foreign aid is usually utilized for political leverage and promotes the export of products from the donor state.

Question 53

Which of the following is a consideration of MNCs when deciding to invest in a foreign country?

A)brain drain
B)unfavorable regulatory environment
C)financial stability
D)ideology of the ruling government party

Question 54

A current example of strong economic growth over the past 30 years of market-oriented reform is Vietnam.

Question 55

Which of the following is a proposal made by the South under the New International Economic Order?

A)promotion of industrialization in the global North
B)shifting the terms of trade to favor commodities relative to natural resources
C)following the same development path as the North
D)increased development assistance from the North

Question 56

Technology transfers feature __________.

A)knowledge,skills,and designs
B)portfolio investment,skills,and designs
C)portfolio investment
D)portfolio investment and knowledge

Question 57

The Asian newly industrialized countries have proven that it is nearly impossible to rise out of poverty.

Question 58

A major obstacle to development throughout the global South is corporate disinterest in developing economies.

Question 59

The experiences of poor countries have not borne out the idea that democratization would accompany and strengthen economic development.

Question 60

Loans provided to states in the global South that are conditional on economic and governmental reforms are the type made by the IMF.

Question 61

Import substitution has largely been replaced by __________ growth.

Question 62

__________ is the loss of skilled workers to richer countries.

Question 63

A(n)__________ zone is open to foreign investment and run on capitalist principles,regardless of the economic system in the rest of a country.

Question 64

Absorptive capacity is the ability of a country to put __________ to productive use.

Question 65

__________ by MNCs can be a means of spurring economic growth.

Question 66

__________ foreign assistance is also known as bilateral aid.

Question 67

The theory that an authoritarian government is required to keep control as __________ is concentrated in industrialization has not been borne out by actual experience.

Question 68

The group of private creditors that meets periodically to discuss the international debt situation and renegotiation is the __________.

Question 69

Conditionality is the terms or conditions that a potential borrower state must accept to receive a loan from the __________.

Question 70

There is little evidence to back up a strong connection between economic growth and internal __________ distribution.