Deck 16: Multiple Choice

Question 1

A mental health professional who is a medical doctor is a:

A)psychologist.
B)counseling psychologist.
C)psychiatric social worker.
D)psychiatrist.

Answer 1

psychiatrist.

Question 2

Fiora is a young professional struggling with depression.She has yet to seek treatment.Based on statistics of people like her,if asked why she is not seeking treatment,she would MOST likely respond:

A)"I didn't realize that I had a problem."
B)"There isn't an effective treatment for my issues."
C)"Treatment will interfere with my work schedule."
D)"I can handle this on my own."

Answer 2

"I can handle this on my own."

Question 3

_____ is the second leading cause of disability worldwide.

A)Depression
B)Generalized anxiety
C)Schizophrenia
D)Substance use disorder

Answer 3

Depression

Question 4

To become a practicing social worker,a person needs a:

A)bachelor's degree in psychology or sociology.
B)bachelor's degree in any social science.
C)master's degree in social work.
D)PhD in sociology.

Question 5

Which factor is NOT an attitudinal barrier to treatment?

A)believing that treatment is ineffective
B)thinking that one can handle the problem on one's own
C)difficulty finding effective services for one's problem
D)feeling stigmatized by others

Question 6

Dr.Williams received her PhD in clinical psychology.Dr.Williams is a:

A)psychologist.
B)social worker.
C)psychiatrist.
D)counselor.

Question 7

The average time from the onset of a mental disorder to receiving treatment for it is:

A)about 3 months.
B)about 1 year.
C)about 3 years.
D)over a decade.

Question 8

Which statement about seeking help for treatment of a psychological disorder is FALSE?

A)People may not realize they have a disorder that can be treated.
B)Finding a service provider can be confusing.
C)Most people who seek help obtain the most effective treatment.
D)Treatment facilities might not have adequate staffing to meet the needs of the community.

Question 9

Who is MOST at risk of receiving inadequate treatment for mental health problems?

A)Karen,a 35-year-old married White woman living in Connecticut
B)Becky,a 19-year-old Asian American living in Pennsylvania
C)Robert,a 50-year-old White man living in the suburbs of Atlanta
D)Will,a 16-year-old Black teenager living in rural South Carolina

Question 10

Anya's depression is beginning to affect her relationships with friends and family,and her grades at school are suffering.Anya's doctor prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to treat her depression.Anya's doctor probably is a:

A)psychologist.
B)social worker.
C)counselor.
D)psychiatrist.

Question 11

About _____% of people suffer from a psychological disorder over the course of their lifetime

A)26
B)36
C)46
D)56

Question 12

A recent study found that only _____% of people diagnosed with a serious mental disorder that substantially interferes with major life activities received treatment in the past year.

A)10
B)20
C)30
D)40

Question 13

What is the CORRECT order,from most common to least common,for reasons why people fail to seek treatment for mental disorders?

A)not realizing or underestimating the problem;attitudinal barriers;structural barriers
B)attitudinal barriers;structural barriers;not realizing or underestimating the problem
C)attitudinal barriers;not realizing or underestimating the problem;structural barriers
D)not realizing or underestimating the problem;structural barriers;attitudinal barriers

Question 14

Which statement does NOT describe a barrier to seeking treatment for a mental disorder?

A)Many people think that mental problems can be solved by "mind over matter."
B)Families sometimes discourage their relatives from seeking help.
C)Many people don't know where to look for services.
D)Individuals often feel they need help in handling their problem.

Question 15

Who is LEAST at risk of receiving inadequate treatment for mental health problems?

A)Karen,a 35-year-old married White woman living in Connecticut
B)Becky,a 19-year-old Asian American living in Pennsylvania
C)Robert,a 50-year-old White man living in the suburbs of Atlanta
D)Will,a 16-year-old Black teenager living in rural South Carolina.

Question 16

About _____% of people suffer from a psychological disorder in any given year.

A)16
B)26
C)36
D)46

Question 17

A mental health professional with a PsyD degree is a:

A)psychologist.
B)psychiatrist.
C)counselor.
D)social worker.

Question 18

Which mental health professional has the MOST training in dealing with people in dire life situations such as poverty,homelessness,or family conflict?

A)a psychologist
B)a psychiatrist
C)a counselor
D)a social worker

Question 19

Joyce does not know exactly what is wrong with her,but she feels as though she is going out of her mind.She Googled mental health services in her city but was overwhelmed and confused by all of the treatment options and whether or not they accepted her insurance.As a result,she did not seek treatment for some time,illustrating which barrier to treatment?

A)motivational
B)attitudinal
C)cognitive
D)structural

Question 20

In general,therapies for psychological disorders can be divided into _____ and _____ treatments.

A)medical;psychoanalytic
B)psychological;biological
C)biological;counseling
D)psychotherapy;sociological

Question 21

A primary goal of psychodynamic therapy is to have clients:

A)develop systems of rewards and punishments to aid in behavioral management.
B)recognize faulty patterns of thinking.
C)project their feelings for a loved one onto the therapist.
D)develop insight into how childhood events contribute to their psychological problems.

Question 22

A person-centered therapist does NOT utilize:

A)cognitive restructuring.
B)unconditional positive regard.
C)congruence.
D)empathy.

Question 23

_____ is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships.

A)Psychosocial therapy
B)Interpersonal psychotherapy
C)Sociodynamic psychotherapy
D)Person-centered therapy

Question 24

Psychodynamic psychotherapy has its roots in Freud's theory of:

A)sexuality.
B)personality.
C)cognitive development.
D)moral intuition.

Question 25

Talking about anything and everything that comes into your mind is an example of:

A)analysis of resistance.
B)free association.
C)introspection.
D)interpretation.

Question 26

Which therapy assumes that everyone has a tendency toward growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist?

A)person-centered
B)interpersonal
C)cognitive behavioral
D)Gestalt

Question 27

An interaction between a socially sanctioned clinician and a client,with the goal of support for the client or relief from the client's psychological problem,is called:

A)psychodynamic therapy.
B)behavior therapy.
C)psychotherapy.
D)psychodynamic psychotherapy.

Question 28

The process by which the psychoanalyst deciphers the unconscious meaning underlying what the client says and does is termed:

A)transference.
B)sublimation.
C)introspection.
D)interpretation.

Question 29

A therapist who uses different techniques and theories based on the need of the client and the diagnosis could be referred to as a(n)_____ therapist.

A)eclectic
B)cognitive behavioral
C)Gestalt
D)humanistic

Question 30

In person-centered therapy,the therapist does not typically provide advice due to the belief that the client can and will recognize the right thing to do.This approach is described as:

A)flexible.
B)nondirective.
C)self-actualizing.
D)self-aware.

Question 31

Humanistic and existential therapies grew in opposition to which other theoretical orientation?

A)cognitive
B)behavioral
C)psychodynamic
D)the medical model

Question 32

Psychoanalysts do NOT use _____ to access the unconscious.

A)analysis of resistance
B)free association
C)desensitization
D)dream analysis

Question 33

Therapists who explore childhood to assist clients in developing insight into their psychological problems are using the _____ orientation.

A)eclectic
B)humanistic
C)psychodynamic
D)cognitive

Question 34

Interest in humanistic and existential therapies peaked in the:

A)1950s.
B)1970s.
C)1990s.
D)2000s.

Question 35

_____ refers to openness and honesty in the therapeutic relationship and ensuring that the therapist communicates the same message at all levels.

A)Empathy
B)Unconditional positive regard
C)Congruence
D)Mindfulness

Question 36

Marjorie is a graduating senior with an undergraduate degree in psychology.She wants to become a clinical psychologist.Which statement regarding Marjorie's education is TRUE?

A)Marjorie requires no more education to be a clinical psychologist but must pass state licensing boards.
B)Marjorie still needs approximately 2 years of graduate school.
C)Marjorie still needs approximately 5 years of graduate school.
D)Marjorie still needs approximately 6 years of medical school.

Question 37

_____ occurs when an analyst begins to assume a major significance in a client's life and the client reacts to the analyst on the basis of unconscious childhood fantasies.

A)Resistance
B)Regression
C)Transference
D)Projection

Question 38

_____ developed person-centered therapy.

A)Aaron Beck
B)Melanie Klein
C)Carl Rogers
D)Frederick Perls

Question 39

Humanistic and existential therapies share the assumption that psychological problems stem from:

A)feelings of alienation and loneliness.
B)early childhood experiences.
C)an external locus of control.
D)overuse of defense mechanisms.

Question 40

What is the term for a reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material?

A)blocking
B)regression
C)resistance
D)displacement

Question 41

Over _____ forms of psychotherapy currently exist.

A)10
B)100
C)500
D)1,000

Question 42

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)is similar to traditional psychoanalysis in that:

A)clients and analysts sit facing each other during ITP.
B)analysts using IPT do not attempt to foster insight into the unconscious.
C)IPT is less intensive than is traditional psychoanalysis.
D)IPT focuses more on improving current relationships than does traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 43

When 1,000 members of the American Psychological Association Division of Psychotherapy were asked to describe their main theoretical orientation,the MOST common response (27%)was _____ therapy.

A)psychodynamic/relational
B)cognitive
C)humanistic
D)integrative/eclectic

Question 44

Which therapy assumes that disordered behavior is learned and that relief of symptoms is achieved through changing overt maladaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors?

A)conditioning
B)classical
C)behavior
D)humanistic

Question 45

The technique,frequently used by cognitive therapists,of teaching clients to question the automatic beliefs,assumptions,and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace them with more realistic beliefs is called:

A)cognitive dissonance.
B)cognitive restructuring.
C)mindfulness meditation.
D)cognitive plasticity.

Question 46

Striving to see the world from the client's perspective demonstrates:

A)empathy.
B)unconditional positive regard.
C)congruence.
D)mindfulness.

Question 47

MOST therapists working to treat anxiety and depression use:

A)interpersonal psychotherapy.
B)behavior therapy.
C)cognitive therapy.
D)cognitive behavioral therapy.

Question 48

Which therapy focuses on understanding and changing the client's meaning,assumptions,and beliefs about self,others,or the world?

A)psychodynamic
B)behavior
C)cognitive
D)humanistic

Question 49

Which statement about cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)is FALSE?

A)Clients are told exactly why a particular treatment has been chosen.
B)CBT is focused on solving specific problems that clients have.
C)Clients' only responsibility is to show up for each therapy session on time.
D)Clients may be asked to engage in activities or practice skills outside of the therapy setting.

Question 50

A term that is NOT used to describe cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)is:

A)problem focused.
B)action oriented.
C)person centered.
D)transparent.

Question 51

Treating a client with _____ involves providing a nonjudgmental,warm,and accepting environment in which the client can feel safe expressing thoughts and feelings.

A)empathy
B)unconditional positive regard
C)congruence
D)mindfulness

Question 52

Research has found that mindfulness meditation is helpful for:

A)controlling hallucinations and delusions in people with schizophrenia.
B)preventing relapse in depression.
C)shortening manic periods associated with bipolar disorder.
D)eliminating phobias.

Question 53

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)differs from traditional psychoanalysis in that:

A)IPT is a form of group therapy.
B)IPT focuses on shared unconscious dynamics in the collective unconscious.
C)analysts using IPT are more likely to offer support or advice to the client.
D)analysts using IPT do not regard insight as a goal of therapy.

Question 54

The idea of focusing treatment on the client's behavior instead of the client's unconscious was inspired by:

A)behaviorism.
B)humanism.
C)functionalism.
D)existentialism.

Question 55

When 1,000 members of the American Psychological Association Division of Psychotherapy were asked to describe their main theoretical orientation,the MOST common response was _____ therapy.

A)behavioral
B)cognitive
C)humanistic
D)eclectic

Question 56

Research suggests that which aspect of psychodynamic therapy may actually be harmful?

A)analysis of resistance
B)analysis of transference
C)interpretation of dreams
D)deriving themes from free association

Question 57

The type of therapy that has the goals of helping clients become aware of their own thoughts,behaviors,feelings,and experiences and helping clients "own" or take responsibility for them is _____ therapy.

A)cognitive behavioral
B)humanistic
C)psychodynamic
D)Gestalt

Question 58

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)is NOT similar to traditional psychoanalysis in that:

A)one goal of IPT is insight.
B)IPT accepts the theoretical view that unconscious processes can manifest themselves in psychological problems.
C)IPT analysts believe that transference can occur during therapy.
D)clients lie on couches and face away from the ITP analyst.

Question 59

Therapies involving operant conditioning typically manipulate:

A)expectancies for behavior.
B)the consequences of behavior.
C)the intensity of the unconditioned stimulus.
D)patterns of maladaptive thinking that give rise to problem behavior.

Question 60

In which cognitive therapy technique are people taught to be fully present in each moment and to be aware of their thoughts,feelings,and sensations in order to detect symptoms before they become a problem?

A)cognitive restructuring
B)self-monitoring
C)mindfulness meditation
D)rational emotive

Question 61

During exposure therapy,participants are exposed to more frightening situations:

A)at the beginning of therapy in order to expose them to their fear.
B)only using imagination therapy due to ethical considerations.
C)unpredictably,to better mimic real-world conditions.
D)only after participants no long fear less intense situations.

Question 62

Jean-Luc has a fear of the dentist.He is taken to the dentist's office every week for a month.Each time,he stays a bit longer and realizes that it is not such a scary place.Jean-Luc's therapist is using which behavior therapy?

A)aversion
B)exposure
C)operant
D)interpersonal

Question 63

Lindsay has obsessions about contamination and washes her hands hundreds of times per day.During therapy,Lindsay is asked to get her hands dirty on purpose and then leave them dirty for several hours.This is an example of:

A)the use of punishment to reduce the undesirable behavior of hand washing.
B)systematic desensitization.
C)negative reinforcement.
D)exposure therapy with response prevention.

Question 64

In their interactions with clients,person-centered therapists are encouraged to demonstrate three basic qualities,_____,_____,and _____,in order for growth to occur.

A)congruence;directive listening;empathy
B)congruence;empathy;unconditional positive regard
C)caring;positive regard;love
D)unconditional positive regard;sympathy;genuineness

Question 65

Dr.Martin uses systematic desensitization to help persons overcome phobias,cognitive restructuring to help alleviate the symptoms of depression,and free association to help people gain insight into their unconscious.Dr.Martin takes a(n)_____ approach to psychotherapy.

A)psychodynamic
B)eclectic
C)cognitive
D)behavioral

Question 66

Which statement about person-centered therapy is FALSE?

A)Clients determine their own goals for therapy.
B)Therapists provide frequent suggestions about how to reach clients' goals.
C)Clients determine the frequency and duration of treatment.
D)Therapists demonstrate empathy toward clients.

Question 67

Why do psychoanalysts focus on early childhood experiences?

A)Urges and conflicts were likely to be repressed at this time.
B)These experiences are not distorted by defense mechanisms.
C)Doing so puts the client into a meditative state in which the unconscious can be directly accessed.
D)It is at this point that the trajectory toward personal growth and self-actualization begins.

Question 68

Operant conditioning procedures focus on changing behavior using:

A)systematic desensitization.
B)positive reinforcement only.
C)reinforcement and punishment.
D)learned associations between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

Question 69

A psychoanalyst would NOT be interested in helping clients understand their:

A)innate drives.
B)defense mechanisms.
C)tendency toward personal growth.
D)early childhood experiences.

Question 70

Barry consults a therapist.The therapist asks him to lie down on a couch while the therapist sits behind him.He is told to talk about anything that comes into his mind or his feelings.Barry is probably seeing which kind of therapist?

A)interpersonal
B)psychoanalytic
C)CBT
D)humanistic

Question 71

Cognitive restructuring seeks to replace irrational beliefs about the world with _____ beliefs about the world.

A)optimistic
B)accurate
C)nihilistic
D)emotionless

Question 72

_____ therapy focuses only on the client's behavior and the situation,whereas _____ therapy focuses on helping a client identify and correct distorted thinking.

A)Behavior;aversion
B)Socio-behavior;rational psychodynamic
C)Behavior;cognitive
D)Gestalt;cognitive

Question 73

Elana has just begun traditional psychoanalysis.She probably will receive therapy sessions:

A)once a week for at least 1 year.
B)once a month for a number of years.
C)multiple times per week for several months.
D)multiple times per week for a number of years.

Question 74

Which statement about computerized or smartphone-based psychotherapies is TRUE?

A)They are behaviorally based and,for the most part,ignore cognition.
B)They lack the transparency of cognitive behavioral therapy.
C)There is little research on treatment effectiveness.
D)They are now more commonly used than face-to-face psychotherapies in treating anxiety and depression.

Question 75

Psychoanalysts believe that transference is:

A)a hindrance to therapy and should be avoided.
B)useful in providing insight into the client's relationships.
C)useful in helping clients better interpret their dreams.
D)the end goal of interpersonal therapy.

Question 76

Exposure therapy is based on:

A)principles of reinforcement and punishment.
B)habituation and response extinction.
C)response blocking.
D)principles of reinforcement.

Question 77

Every time Sophie reads a book,she gets a sticker.When she gets 10 stickers,her parents take her to her favorite restaurant.Sophie's parents are using a(n):

A)token economy.
B)antecedent manipulation.
C)cognitive behavioral therapy.
D)exposure therapy.

Question 78

Psychodynamic approaches to therapy emphasize _____;humanistic and existential approaches emphasize _____.

A)unconscious drives;the effect of the past on current feelings
B)psychosexual urges;learned behavior
C)a negative view of human nature;a positive view
D)the id and superego;the ego

Question 79

Fritz Perls and his colleagues developed _____ therapy.

A)exposure
B)humanistic
C)existential
D)Gestalt

Question 80

The primary reason why behavioral therapists rejected the psychoanalytic approach is that psychoanalysis:

A)did not focus on cognitive mechanisms underlying behavioral problems.
B)involves years of therapy.
C)is rarely is effective.
D)involves invisible mental properties that are particularly hard to test.