Deck 13: True-False

Question 1

In the prisoner's dilemma,if both partners cooperate with one another and do not confess to the police,neither partner will serve jail time.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Playing violent video games can make people more aggressive.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Men with unrealistically high self-esteem are most prone to violence.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Groups usually will make better decisions than will individuals.

Question 5

Most murders are motivated by trying to acquire or protect a resource.

Question 6

The trait that we value the most in others is trustworthiness.

Question 7

Deindividuation has contributed to Ku Klux Klan members' participation in lynch mobs.

Question 8

Increases in testosterone are associated with a decrease in self-esteem.

Question 9

Violent crime in the United States is more prevalent in the North than it is in the South.

Question 10

Most people would rather accept being cheated and get less than what they are owed than punish the cheater and get nothing.

Question 11

Men commit approximately 90% of the murders in the United States.

Question 12

A mother who sacrificed her life to save her children engaged in altruistic behavior.

Question 13

Larger groups provide more opportunity for deindividuation and diffusion of responsibility.

Question 14

Acts of aggression are more likely to occur on very hot days.

Question 15

Kin selection does not constitute genuine altruism because we have been taught to assist family members in need.

Question 16

Human beings are the most social species on the planet.

Question 17

The frustration-aggression hypothesis states that suppressed aggressive impulses lead to frustration.

Question 18

There is a negative correlation between testosterone levels and aggression levels.

Question 19

Our society is more aggressive now than it was 100 years ago.

Question 20

Aggression in women usually is more premeditated than it is impulsive.

Question 21

People generally are happiest in relationships when their cost-benefit ratios are slightly higher than those of their partners.

Question 22

We are most attracted to people with a similar educational background but with interests that differ from our own.

Question 23

Male faces are considered more attractive when they have immature features.

Question 24

Attractive people tend to have better social skills than do less attractive people.

Question 25

The potential physical costs of having sex are much greater for women than they are men.

Question 26

We grow to like things that we see often.

Question 27

Women are much more selective than are men in deciding on a marriage partner.

Question 28

If your parents have been married for a long time,it is likely that they share a passionate love.

Question 29

We are most likely to report that another person is attractive in otherwise boring situations.

Question 30

Mothers of attractive children are more affectionate with their children than are mothers of unattractive children.

Question 31

Research suggests that the ideal shape of a female may change over time and across cultures,but the ideal hip-to-waist ratio remains fairly constant.

Question 32

Companionate love starts slowly,grows steadily,and involves concern for your partner's well-being.

Question 33

In Western cultures,people historically got married because of love.

Question 34

Women prefer older men and men prefer younger women across a wide variety of human cultures.

Question 35

Physical attractiveness is associated with increases in income for women but not men.

Question 36

Male bodies are considered most attractive if they approximate inverted triangles.

Question 37

Genuine altruism indirectly promotes the survival of our own genes.

Question 38

Someone who helps a friend with the expectation that the friend will sooner or later return the favor is exhibiting reverse altruism.

Question 39

Research supports the old adage "Absence makes the heart grow fonder."

Question 40

The behavior of nonhuman animals provides little,if any,evidence of genuine altruism.

Question 41

Systems of rewards and punishers usually are not effective at controlling human behavior.

Question 42

The foot-in-the-door technique works because of reciprocating concessions.

Question 43

Solomon Asch conducted the classic study on conformity.

Question 44

A soft drink company is more likely to use systematic persuasion than is a real-estate company.

Question 45

When you laugh along with others at a friend's joke,even when you don't understand it,you are likely being affected by informational influence.

Question 46

As relationships grow older,people are more likely to settle for less than favorable cost-benefit ratios.

Question 47

Heuristic persuasion loses some of its power as we become more motivated to make a good decision.

Question 48

Conformity involves following the instructions of an authority figure.

Question 49

The norm of reciprocity might explain why some men feel that their dates "owe" them a kiss,particularly if they've paid for dinner.

Question 50

Milgram's study of obedience demonstrated that most people will not hurt another person when instructed to do so by an authority figure.

Question 51

People usually struggle for years with learning social norms when they move to another country.

Question 52

Cognitive dissonance is typically reduced by heuristic persuasion.

Question 53

Beliefs are positive and negative evaluations about an object or event.

Question 54

Restaurants that offer you a dessert on the house are using the norm of reciprocity to encourage you to return.

Question 55

Participants obeyed Milgram's order to shock another person because of the implicit threat of punishment.

Question 56

Solomon Asch demonstrated that normative influence can cause people to misperceive the length of lines.

Question 57

A teacher who offers rewards and threatens punishment is appealing to the accuracy motive.

Question 58

We are prone to falling prey to the foot-in-the-door sales technique because buying something reduces our cognitive dissonance.

Question 59

A recruiter who stands in front of the country's flag and urges you to enlist and "be all you can be" is using heuristic persuasion.

Question 60

You are more likely to become obese if your friend becomes obese.

Question 61

African Americans are equally as likely as Whites to mistake a camera for a gun if held by an African American male.

Question 62

When participants in Steele and Aronson's study (1995)were asked to list their race at the top of an exam,African American students scored more poorly than did their SAT scores suggested they should.

Question 63

Attributing a basketball player's great game to his home court advantage is an example of correspondence bias.

Question 64

The correspondence bias states that we have a tendency to spin the situation to view ourselves positively.

Question 65

We tend to underestimate the variability among members of different categories.

Question 66

Blaming a tennis loss on a bad call by the line judge is an example of a dispositional attribution.

Question 67

The self-fulfilling prophecy is the tendency for people to see what they expect to see.

Question 68

Most of us are quick to blame our own shortcomings on our situation and the shortcomings of others on their disposition.

Question 69

We can decide not to use previously learned stereotypes.

Question 70

Blaming the poor call made by a referee on his general incompetence and impaired eyesight is an example of a dispositional attribution.

Question 71

The correspondence bias is another term for the fundamental attribution error.

Question 72

There is a strong relationship between what a person is and what a person says or does.

Question 73

Dispositional attributions usually are made when an action is consensual.

Question 74

Stereotyping is a useful process.

Question 75

Faced with a big,burly guy reciting his romantic poetry,many people would use subtyping to preserve their stereotype of "romantic poets."

Question 76

Direct observation of people rarely leads to inaccurate stereotypes.

Question 77

We tend to underestimate the variability among members of a category.

Question 78

Situational attributions usually are made when an action is distinctive.

Question 79

It is easier to make a dispositional attribution than to make a situational attribution.

Question 80

By ignoring stereotypes and treating each person as an individual,we can almost always judge a person accurately.