Deck 12: True-False

Question 1

Helpful and uncooperative are endpoints on the personality dimension of conscientiousness.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

One criticism of the Rorschach Inkblot Test is that it is open to the subjective interpretation of the examiner.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The best-known self-report measure for assessing personality is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2-RF).

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Eysenck's research revealed five dimensions of personality.

Question 5

Agreeableness is one of the Big Five personality factors.

Question 6

Sensation seeking is one of the Big Five personality factors.

Question 7

Worried and calm are endpoints on the personality dimension of agreeableness.

Question 8

When many people describe the personality of a single person,their descriptions usually are similar.

Question 9

The most commonly used projective personality test is the MMPI-2-RF.

Question 10

Teenagers who score low in extraversion are more likely to be juvenile delinquents.

Question 11

Researchers who believe that personality traits reflect underlying motives tend to examine these traits using projective tests.

Question 12

People who are very imaginative tend to score high on the extraversion dimension of personality.

Question 13

When measured by rigorous scientific criteria,the Thematic Apperception Test has been found to be more reliable and valid than is the Rorschach Inkblot Test.

Question 14

Cattell proposed a 16-factor theory of personality.

Question 15

Different factor analysis techniques have yielded different views of personality structure.

Question 16

College students who have messy dorm rooms typically score high on the personality dimension of neuroticism.

Question 17

People who score high in conscientiousness tend to live longer.

Question 18

Gordon Allport believed that personality traits were causes of specific behaviors.

Question 19

College students who keep their dorm rooms clean typically score high on the personality dimension of conscientiousness.

Question 20

Eysenck's two dimensions of personality are extraversion and introversion.

Question 21

According to Freud,the id is present at birth.

Question 22

The Big Five dimensions of personality are not culturally specific.

Question 23

People who have a highly reactive behavioral inhibition system tend to display neurotic tendencies.

Question 24

Animals exhibit traits that resemble all of the Big Five personality dimensions,except neuroticism.

Question 25

Women tend to score higher than do men on the Big Five dimensions of agreeableness and neuroticism.

Question 26

Your ego functions as a voice of conscience.

Question 27

Research on the Big Five personality dimensions has shown that our personalities tend to remain fairly stable throughout our lifetimes.

Question 28

William James believed that personality can change considerably over the course of adulthood.

Question 29

Research suggests that parental divorce can produce large and lasting personality changes in children.

Question 30

Introverts prefer quiet activities because their reticular formation is not easily stimulated.

Question 31

Scoring high on extraversion is correlated with having tattoos.

Question 32

The illustration of an angel sitting on a person's shoulder telling him what to do is similar to Freud's notion of the superego.

Question 33

Women engage in more social relational aggression than do men.

Question 34

Siblings tend to have similar personalities primarily because they typically share a common environment.

Question 35

The personality dimension with the highest heritability estimate is extraversion.

Question 36

Roughly half of the variability in personality among individuals results from genetic factors.

Question 37

Extraverts seek increased stimulation in part because their reticular formation is not easily stimulated.

Question 38

The id operates according to the reality principle.

Question 39

Children tend to exhibit only three of the five dimensions of personality.

Question 40

The superego enables a person to deal with life's practical demands.

Question 41

Lack of trust is a characteristic of fixation in Freud's anal stage of psychosexual development.

Question 42

People who alphabetize their DVD collection and color-code their wardrobe might be fixated in Freud's anal stage of psychosexual development.

Question 43

The businesswoman who kicks her dog off the porch when she gets home because she's had a rough day at work is using the defense mechanism known as projection.

Question 44

The Oedipus conflict usually occurs around the onset of puberty.

Question 45

Freud believed that a person's basic personality develops in the genital stage of psychosexual development.

Question 46

Sublimation can be described as motivated forgetting.

Question 47

According to Freud's psychosexual stages of personality development,the Oedipus conflict occurs during the phallic stage.

Question 48

The defense mechanism of identification involves unconsciously replacing threatening inner wishes and fantasies with an exaggerated version of their opposite.

Question 49

The genital stage is the last stage of Freud's psychosexual stages.

Question 50

Rationalization and displacement are two types of defense mechanisms.

Question 51

Existentialists believe that angst occurs when stressos are too challenging for our abilities.

Question 52

Freud believed that a person's basic personality is formed within the first 2 years of life.

Question 53

Defense mechanisms are conscious strategies people employ to reduce anxiety.

Question 54

Neediness is a characteristic of fixation in Freud's oral stage of psychosexual development.

Question 55

The used car salesperson who believes that every other used car dealership sells defective automobiles might be using the defense mechanism of projection.

Question 56

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs,a starving,homeless person can actively work toward self-actualization.

Question 57

The child who reverts to thumb sucking and whining when his mother brings a new baby home is using the defense mechanism known as regression.

Question 58

The Oedipus conflict usually is resolved by identifying with the same-sex parent.

Question 59

Rollo May and Victor Frankl are notable existentialists.

Question 60

The flow experience can only be reached by struggling to overcome anxiety-evoking experiences.

Question 61

Walter Mischel argued that personality traits do a poor job in predicting individuals' behaviors.

Question 62

Self-esteem is the tendency to seek evidence to confirm self-concept.

Question 63

Social-cognitive research suggests that those who cheat on a test are more likely than are others to cheat on a test in the future.

Question 64

Research suggests that self-esteem is the single best predictor of a person's professional success.

Question 65

George Kelly believed that differences in personality arise largely from differences in the perception of locus of control.

Question 66

Without a self-narrative,most people with amnesia have no semblance of a self-concept.

Question 67

Self-esteem is usually assessed through direct observations of behavior.

Question 68

The observations that people named "Richard" tend to live in Richmond and people named "Jack" tend to live in Jacksonville are examples of implicit egotism.

Question 69

Most people tend to view themselves as about average in most domains of personality,skill,and intelligence.

Question 70

The person who takes credit for his or her successes but blames his or her failures on other people and other circumstances is using the self-serving bias.

Question 71

People with an external locus of control tend to be less anxious than are people with an internal locus of control.

Question 72

Hazel Markus termed the traits that people use to define themselves as self-narrative.

Question 73

Narcissists tend to have low self-esteem.

Question 74

If you believe you control your future,you have an internal locus of control.

Question 75

Self-verification involves taking credit for our successes.