Question 1

You are answering a questionnaire that assesses similarities between an individual's emotional experiences.The questionnaire consists of statements such as "Anger is more closely related to tension than to happiness" and "Gloominess is more closely related to boredom than to calmness." Based on the types of statements,identify the technique that is MOST likely to have been used to develop the questionnaire.

A)the hedonic principle
B)multidimensional scaling
C)itemized scaling
D)the two-factor theory

multidimensional scaling

Accepted Answer

The statements in the questionnaire suggest that multidimensional scaling was used to develop it. Multidimensional scaling is a statistical technique used to determine the similarity or dissimilarity of objects based on their attributes or characteristics. The questionnaire assesses the similarity of emotional experiences based on their relatedness to other emotional experiences, which is similar to the approach of multidimensional scaling.

Question 2

Which statement about anorexia is TRUE?&#10;A)People with anorexia have an intense fear of being overweight.&#10;B)Anorexia is culturally determined and is not biologically influenced.&#10;C)Anorexia is associated with damage to the lateral hypothalamus.&#10;D)People with anorexia tend to binge eat and then purge.

Accepted Answer

People with anorexia have an intense fear of being overweight, which leads them to severely restrict their food intake, resulting in significant weight loss. This fear of weight gain and distorted body image are central features of anorexia, but it is not culturally determined, and there is no evidence of damage to the lateral hypothalamus in people with this disorder. Anorexia is also not associated with binge eating and purging, which are characteristic of bulimia nervosa.

Question 3

A majority of psychologists believe that the five universal facial expressions of emotion are:&#10;A)happiness,sadness,fear,anger,and surprise.&#10;B)distress,sleepiness,happiness,anger,and fear.&#10;C)anger,disgust,happiness,sadness,and fear.&#10;D)fear,anger,depression,calmness,and sadness.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists widely recognize five universal facial expressions of emotion: anger, disgust, happiness, sadness, and fear. These expressions are considered universal across cultures.

Question 4

People who are _____ motivated tend to enjoy their work more and often more creative with the work they do.&#10;A)extrinsically&#10;B)intrinsically&#10;C)avoidance&#10;D)approach

Accepted Answer

Intrinsically motivated individuals are motivated by the inherent satisfaction they derive from their work. They tend to enjoy their work more and are often more creative with the work they do. On the other hand, individuals who are extrinsically motivated work for external factors such as money or recognition. Avoidance motivation is focused on avoiding negative outcomes, while approach motivation is focused on achieving positive outcomes.

Question 5

The _____ claims that people seek pleasurable experiences and avoid painful experiences.&#10;A)approach motivation&#10;B)universality hypothesis&#10;C)two-factor theory&#10;D)hedonic principle

Accepted Answer

The hedonic principle claims that people seek pleasurable experiences and avoid painful experiences. This principle is based on the assumption that our primary motivation is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. It suggests that most of our behavior is driven by the pursuit of happiness and the avoidance of suffering.

Question 6

You see the lady standing next to you at the bus stop.Based on her body language and facial expression,you assume she is upset about something.Identify the limbic structure that is MOST likely to have helped you assess her emotional state.

A)the amygdala
B)the hippocampus
C)the nucleus accumbens
D)the thalamus

Accepted Answer

The amygdala plays a key role in decoding emotional cues and expressing emotional responses, including fear and anxiety. It would have helped you assess the woman's emotional state based on her body language and facial expression.

Question 7

Which claim of the two-factor theory of emotion has been disputed following subsequent research?&#10;A)People experience similar emotions depending on the inferences they draw about the causes of their arousal.&#10;B)All emotional experiences are essentially caused by the same physiological process in the body.&#10;C)Interpretation of physiological arousal is involved in the emotional experience.&#10;D)Different people may not experience the same emotion,even if the physiological arousal is the same.

Accepted Answer

Subsequent research has shown that not all emotional experiences are caused by the same physiological process in the body. Different emotions are associated with different patterns of physiological activation. This challenges the claim that all emotional experiences are essentially the same in terms of physiological processes.

Question 8

The _____ theory suggests that a stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the body and emotional experience in the mind.&#10;A)Cannon-Bard&#10;B)James-Lange&#10;C)two-factor&#10;D)cognitive appraisal

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory proposes that a stimulus triggers both physiological response and emotional experience at the same time, rather than one causing the other. This theory suggests that emotions and bodily responses are independent but co-occurring aspects of the same psychological event.

Question 9

Cancer patients who focus on their recovery may be more likely to experience fewer side effects of chemotherapy than are patients who focus on the treatment itself.This phenomenon likely reflects _____ of the treatment from a negative to a positive event.

A)masking
B)appraisal
C)reappraisal
D)intensification

Accepted Answer

Reappraisal refers to changing one's perception and evaluation of a situation or event. In this case, cancer patients who focus on their recovery are likely engaging in positive reappraisal, where they are reframing the treatment experience from a negative to a positive one. This can lead to fewer side effects and better outcomes.

Question 10

A criticism of the James-Lange theory of emotion is that:&#10;A)there are not enough unique patterns of bodily activity to account for the variety of emotional states.&#10;B)emotion is often experienced after rapid bodily responses.&#10;C)emotion is not associated with physiological arousal.&#10;D)emotion is delayed from physiological arousal in order for the latter to cause the former.

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory suggests that emotions are the result of physiological reactions to events. A criticism is that there are not enough distinct physiological responses to account for the wide range of emotions humans experience.

Question 11

An observer trained in detecting facial expressions is likely to use morphology and look at the _____ to tell if someone is smiling sincerely or just faking a smile.&#10;A)lips&#10;B)entire mouth&#10;C)eyes&#10;D)forehead

Accepted Answer

The answer of An observer trained in detecting facial expressions...

Question 12

According to _____,the act of smiling will probably make you feel happier.&#10;A)intrinsic motivation&#10;B)the facial feedback hypothesis&#10;C)the universality hypothesis&#10;D)extrinsic motivation

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to _____,the act of smiling will...

Question 13

According to the mortality salience hypothesis,being reminded of the inevitability of our own mortality:&#10;A)increases existential terror.&#10;B)strengthens cultural worldviews.&#10;C)reduces religiosity.&#10;D)strengthens aversion loss.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the mortality salience hypothesis,being reminded...

Question 14

How would Clark Hull explain the behavior of a rat pressing a lever for food pellets?&#10;A)The lever-press action has been classically conditioned in the rat.&#10;B)The lever-press action is an instinctive behavior.&#10;C)The rat is decreasing its hunger drive.&#10;D)The rat is stimulating the ventromedial hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would Clark Hull explain the behavior...

Question 15

Angelo is a mixed martial artist.He is about to fight Petra,the heavyweight champion.Angelo is terrified of Petra,but he looks confident and smiles at Petra as the referee tells them the rules before the match.In this scenario,Angelo is using the _____ technique.

A)intensification
B)deintensification
C)masking
D)neutralizing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Angelo is a mixed martial artist.He is...

Deck 8: Web Quiz 1