Deck 4: Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal Considerations

Question 1

Which community health practice setting involves personal identity,security,and privacy?

A) The mobile health van
B) A health centre
C) A drop-in clinic
D) The home

Answer 1

The home

Question 2

Compare and contrast health promotion with prevention and health protection.Provide an example for each from community health nursing practice.

Answer 2

Health promotion is a mediating strategy between people and their environments,a positive,dynamic,empowering,and unifying concept that is based in the socio-environmental approach to health.The nurse may be involved in facilitating community action,assisting in the development of skills,and increasing client knowledge and control over the determinants of health (e.g. ,facilitating a community to develop a drop-in recreation centre for adolescents).
Prevention and health protection involves a variety of strategies that seek to minimize the occurrence of diseases and their consequences.The nurse may be involved in education,direct services,disease surveillance,immunization,risk reduction,outbreak management,and social marketing (e.g. ,working at a sexually transmitted infection clinic).

Question 3

Jack,14 years old,presents in the community health nurse's office requesting an initial immunization series.His parents have never immunized him because they do not believe in immunization.The parents did not sign his immunization consent form sent home through school.What does this situation present for the nurse?

A) Something that never happens in Canada
B) An issue for feminist decision-making
C) An ethical dilemma
D) A course of action that is easily decided and recognized

Answer 3

An ethical dilemma

Question 4

A nurse makes a connection that a group who has HIV/AIDS is also subject to racial discrimination.What framework is the nurse practising?

A) Lifestyle
B) Social production of disease
C) Biomedical model of disease
D) Traditional

Question 5

Who should develop an advanced directive?

A) A physician working in the palliative care setting
B) A person who is terminally ill and needs one to clearly spell out how his or her estate will be divided
C) An individual who wants to stipulate what medical treatments he or she will accept or reject
D) A nurse working with a client who is incapable of making choices

Question 6

Jenny,24 years old,stays at home to look after her children.She has limited job skills and financial resources.Her male partner,Randy,smokes around her children.He is also verbally abusive to Jenny.Jenny knows that second-hand smoke is dangerous to the health of her family and she has encouraged Randy to quit or smoke outside.She is thinking about contacting a women's resource centre.What would assist the nurse in working with Jenny's family?

A) Implementing a health protection order
B) Providing Jenny with more written handouts on second-hand smoke
C) Having another nurse tell Jenny to leave her partner
D) Utilizing a framework that situates choice as relational autonomy

Question 7

What is the primary concern for Stephanie,a nurse who uses a feminist bioethics approach to shape her practice?

A) Interdependence between people
B) A focus on women's ethical issues
C) The illegal use of power in health care
D) A behaviour/lifestyle perspective

Question 8

Explore three aspects of Schroeder and Gadow's (1996)advocacy approach as it related to community health nursing practice and give an example of the approach in action.

Question 9

What must be considered when nurses assist clients to make informed choices?

A) The benefits of the intervention but not the risks
B) Legally binding paper work
C) The exchange of information and respect for the individual's autonomy
D) Individualism,but not collectivism

Question 10

Which statement provides the best definition of ethics?

A) Universally held theory on how the world evolved
B) A set of rules that apply only to health professionals used in the practice setting
C) Values,norms,moral principles,virtues,and traditions that guide human conduct
D) A specialized area of philosophy

Question 11

What are some of the challenges that Canadian nursing programs face in trying to foster the development of competencies related to social justice/equity and the social determinants of health in their community courses?

Question 12

Which scenario illustrates the principle of reciprocity for ethical decision-making about public health interventions?

A) All stakeholders are involved in developing policy on how to manage a particular infectious disease.
B) An individual is committed under the Mental Health Act to protect and prevent harm to others.
C) A person exposed to a communicable disease is provided instructions on how to quarantine at home.
D) The public health department is providing financial compensation to a person who is quarantined.

Question 13

What is an example of social control?

A) Smoking cessation program
B) Influenza immunization clinics
C) Request to stay at home when ill with the flu
D) Seatbelt law

Question 14

Discuss three issues faced by community health nurses (CHNs)who provide care in community settings,and provide a practice example for each issue.

Question 15

Which situation has recently undergone medicalization?

A) Menopause
B) Breast cancer
C) Homosexuality
D) Hyperthyroidism

Question 16

What does the concept of social justice assume?

A) There is a limit to collective action.
B) All societies experience broad,systematic oppression and inequities.
C) The individual is valued over the collective.
D) It is better to benefit the few than disadvantage the many.

Question 17

Discuss the potential moral harm that community health nurses need to be aware of when planning activities as part of a health promotion program.

Question 18

Melanie is a nurse doing home visits.What must she recognize as she builds relationships with her clients?

A) Sharing her attitudes,beliefs,and values regarding health
B) The client's attitudes,beliefs,and values regarding health
C) Fairness and reciprocity
D) Maintaining a distant and clinical boundary

Question 19

Which statement reflects the Community Health Nurses Association of Canada's (2003)description of empowerment?

A) A professional process in which communities are allowed to become self-directed
B) A static process that provides people with power
C) A nurse-driven process whereby people are given what they need
D) A process where people and communities move toward increased control

Question 20

Which statement by the nurse is from the perspective of the social production of disease framework?

A) "The client is in prostitution to financially provide for her children and now she has genital herpes."
B) "Getting a sexually transmitted infection is a consequence of the client's promiscuous lifestyle."
C) "The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is responsible for the client's HIV infection."
D) "The sex trade worker chose to have unprotected sex because the client would pay her more."

Question 21

Case 1 Kennedy,a community health nurse (CHN),has been working with a lesbian,gay,transexual,and bisexual (LGTB)youth group in a large urban centre.
(Refer to Case 1 above. )What activity would help Kennedy to increase his competence in providing care to individuals from the LGTB population?

A) Ask a lesbian how to better provide care to this population
B) Ask colleagues to share strategies for working with this group
C) Read targeted health research
D) Look on the Internet for information

Question 22

Case 1 Kennedy,a community health nurse (CHN),has been working with a lesbian,gay,transexual,and bisexual (LGTB)youth group in a large urban centre.
(Refer to Case 1 above. )Kennedy is lobbying his co-workers to change the nursing intake form to have more gender-neutral language,such as "Do you live with a partner?" instead of "Are you married,divorced,or single?" What standard of practice is the nurse trying to uphold?

A) Professional responsibility and accountability
B) Facilitating access and equity
C) Building individual/community capacity
D) Promoting health

Question 23

What nursing action best demonstrates professional responsibility and accountability?

A) Respecting a client's wishes to not inform her boyfriend that she has gonorrhea
B) Keeping confidential a client's repeated statements that she wants to kill her husband
C) Documenting home visit notes in a timely and thorough manner
D) Protecting the identity of a child who reveals that she has been abused

Question 24

What term describes the way that nurses approach their practice and reflect on their ethical commitment to their clients and colleagues?

A) Committed ethics
B) Situation autonomy
C) Empowering a community
D) Everyday ethics

Question 25

Which Canadian Community Health Nursing Standard of Practice is being used when advocating for appropriate resource allocation?

A) Facilitating access and equity
B) Practice setting safety
C) Empowering communities
D) Maintaining professional boundaries

Question 26

Anne-Marie,a recent nursing graduate,is really enjoying developing relationships with her clients.Anne-Marie tells her mentor that she works hard to meet the needs of her clients and has been using the strategy of meeting one client for coffee in the afternoons.How should the mentor respond to Anne-Marie?

A) "Tell me more about how this strategy is assisting you to meet your needs."
B) "It sounds like the nurse-client relationship has moved into a personal relationship."
C) "I use a more distant and clinical approach with my client relationships."
D) "This is a great nursing strategy that you should share with the rest of the nurses."

Question 27

What statement is congruent with capacity building?

A) Equitable sharing of rights,roles,and responsibilities among institutions and individuals
B) Just or fair treatment of all individuals,including equitable access to meet health needs
C) Democracy and civil rights defining a social state in which all have equal rights
D) Strengthening of individual and institutional core skills,capabilities,and knowledge

Question 28

Case 1 Kennedy,a community health nurse (CHN),has been working with a lesbian,gay,transexual,and bisexual (LGTB)youth group in a large urban centre.
(Refer to Case 1 above. )What health issues have been linked to the oppression of LGTB persons?

A) Schizophrenia and suicide
B) Homelessness and influenza
C) Depression and substance abuse
D) Sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy