Deck 12: Sexuality and Gender

Question 1

The primary male sex characteristic is the:

A)penis.
B)scrotum.
C)prostate gland.
D)All of these are primary sex characteristics.

Answer 1

All of these are primary sex characteristics.

Question 2

Charles identifies as male.However,his shoulders are somewhat narrowed,and he has some extra flesh around his breasts.Charles may be a case of ______syndrome,distinguished by an extra ______ chromosome.

A)Klinefelter's; Y
B)Klinefelter's; X
C)Turner's; Y
D)Turner's; X

Answer 2

Klinefelter's; X

Question 3

Which of the following is a female primary sex characteristic?

A)breasts
B)pubic hair
C)clitoris
D)prostate gland

Answer 3

clitoris

Question 4

A person who is described as intersexed is:

A)an individual who is born with ambiguous sex organs.
B)an individual who is surgically reassigned at birth so that he or she seems to be of the sex opposite to what is expected from the chromosomes.
C)an individual with normal body development who cannot decide whether to act as a male or a female.
D)an individual who is a homosexual.

Question 5

The most common type of sex-chromosome variation is:

A)Turner's syndrome.
B)androgen insensitivity.
C)Klinefelter's syndrome.
D)congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Question 6

In humans the sex chromosomes in a female are a(n)__________ combination,and in males they are a(n)__________ combination.

A)XY; XX
B)XX; XY
C)YY; XX
D)XX; YY

Question 7

Which of the following chromosomal patterns is correctly identified?

A)XX- normal female
B)YY - normal male
C)XXY - Turner's syndrome
D)X- Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 8

What percentage of women are dissatisfied with the size or shape of their breasts?

A)10
B)30
C)50
D)70

Question 9

Which type of atypical sexual differentiation is correctly classified?

A)Turner's syndrome-hormonal disorder
B)androgen insensitivity-chromosomal disorder
C)Klinefelter's syndrome-hormonal disorder
D)congenital adrenal hyperplasia-hormonal disorder

Question 10

An intersexed individual is defined as a person who:

A)desires a sex change (or gender reassignment)operation because they are,in fact,homosexual.
B)is born with non-standard,ambiguous male or female genitalia.
C)enjoys dressing in the clothing of the opposite gender for the purpose of sexual arousal.
D)is asexual as a result of a lack of appropriate hormonal activation during puberty.

Question 11

Sex organs and traits that develop at puberty and are not directly involved in reproduction are known as __________ sexual characteristics.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)pubescent
D)tertiary

Question 12

With respect to sex hormones,male is to female as _______ is/are to _______.

A)progesterone; estrogen
B)androgens and estrogen; progesterone
C)estrogen and progesterone; androgens
D)androgens; estrogen and progesterone

Question 13

In _____ people have a chromosome pattern other than the standard male or female pattern.

A)150
B)1,500
C)10,000
D)50,000

Question 14

Which female sex organ or process is present at birth?

A)breasts
B)pubic hair
C)ovaries
D)menarche

Question 15

Gonads are:

A)the main reproductive organs in humans.
B)human sex chromosomes.
C)primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
D)sex hormones.

Question 16

Which of the following physical characteristics is correctly matched with an associated syndrome?

A)shortened stature-Klinefelter's syndrome
B)male genitalia-Turner's syndrome
C)possible breast development-Klinefelter's syndrome
D)female genitalia-Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 17

What is the incidence of children born with a disorder of sex development?

A)0)01 percent
B)1 to 2 percent
C)5 to 7 percent
D)around 9 percent

Question 18

Johnny is taking a class in human sexuality,and he has been asked to make a list of body parts that would be considered primary sexual characteristics.Which of the following would not appear on that list?

A)uterus
B)testicles
C)ovaries
D)breasts

Question 19

Which of the following is immediately present to doctors and nurses when a baby is born?

A)secondary sexual characteristics
B)sex chromosomes
C)primary sexual characteristics
D)gender

Question 20

Male or female sex organs that are present at birth are called:

A)primary sex characteristics.
B)innate sex characteristics.
C)secondary sex characteristics.
D)hormonally determined sex characteristics.

Question 21

A person's sense of being male or female is their gender:

A)stereotype.
B)norm.
C)role.
D)identity.

Question 22

A culture's expectations of masculine and feminine behaviors and attitudes make up its gender:

A)stereotypes.
B)scripts.
C)roles.
D)identities.

Question 23

Which characteristic is NOT usually considered part of the male gender stereotype?

A)aggressive
B)logical
C)decisive
D)emotional

Question 24

A __________ is a belief held about characteristics,traits,and activities that are deemed appropriate for men and women.

A)gender stereotype
B)sex role
C)gender role
D)sexual orientation

Question 25

John lost his job as a steelworker.However,when seeking new employment,John considers a wide variety of jobs,such as fighter pilot,college professor,daycare operator,and nurse.Given these choices,a psychologist might consider John to be:

A)sexist.
B)narcissistic.
C)confused.
D)androgynous.

Question 26

In a study reported in your textbook,researchers (Shamloul,2005)examined men who believed their penis was abnormally small.What percentage of these men actually had normal-sized penises?

A)10
B)25
C)50
D)100

Question 27

Adam is a father of two children and has a career as a professor at a university.He is nurturing and sensitive to his children's needs,able to express emotions outwardly,independent and assertive,and thinks problems through calmly and logically.Adam is a good example of a person who is:

A)masculine.
B)feminine.
C)transsexual.
D)androgynous.

Question 28

Researchers have usually found that:

A)females score higher on tests of verbal ability than males.
B)males score higher on tests of verbal ability than females.
C)there is no difference between males and females on tests of verbal ability.
D)verbal ability differences between males and females are due to differential watching of talk shows.

Question 29

Shaquilla says that all men are insensitive and unemotional.She is expressing a(n):

A)gender stereotype.
B)sex role.
C)gender role.
D)sexual orientation.

Question 30

A society's expectations about the way men and women behave or the attitudes that they hold are called gender:

A)roles.
B)norms.
C)mores.
D)scripts.

Question 31

Sex is ________; gender is ________.

A)biological; biological,too
B)biological; psychological and sociocultural
C)sociocultural; psychological
D)psychological and sociocultural; biological

Question 32

Which characteristic is NOT usually considered part of the female gender stereotype?

A)nurturing
B)angry
C)sensitive
D)emotional

Question 33

At a recent viewing of the latest Hollywood blockbuster,LaToya and Ronald shared an awkward moment.LaToya,deeply moved by the story line,began to cry during the movie,whereas Ronald sat twiddling his thumbs wondering when the movie would finally be over.Afterward,while they were discussing their different reactions,Ronald said,"Well,girls always cry at sappy movies.That's why guys really hate those kinds of shows." Ronald is demonstrating that he holds very deep gender:

A)stereotypes.
B)roles.
C)mores.
D)scripts.

Question 34

According to your text,which nation is making a concerted effort to counteract the effects of gender role expectations?

A)Mexico
B)the United States
C)Sweden
D)Russia

Question 35

Little Leslie knows that even if she puts on her brother's jeans and baseball cap,she'll still be a girl.Leslie's awareness of her gender constancy indicates that she is at least ____ years old.

A)2
B)3
C)5
D)7

Question 36

Females are often thought to outshine males on verbal tasks.What does empirical evidence have to say with respect to this notion?

A)It's a myth-there's basically no difference between men and women in verbal performance.
B)It's a bit of a generalization-the difference between men and women in verbal performance is quite small.
C)It's real-women outscore men on tests of verbal ability by a long shot.
D)It says nothing yet - empirical research has not examined this idea.

Question 37

Maurice was born with an XY chromosome type,and he has the external genitalia of a male.He has,for the better part of his life however,felt like he was supposed to be a woman.He has always identified more with feminine clothes,behaviors,and emotions.According to your textbook,Maurice has a female:

A)problem.
B)gender.
C)sex.
D)secondary sex characteristic.

Question 38

Young children know their own gender at ____ years of age.They realize that their gender does not change by ages _____.

A)1-2; 2-3
B)1-2; 3-4
C)2-3; 3-4
D)2-3; 4-5

Question 39

Which of the following statements has research supported with regard to androgynous people?

A)They have a greater likelihood of having a non-heterosexual orientation.
B)They have greater difficulties in adolescence as a result of peer teasing.
C)They have a greater level of behavior flexibility.
D)They are socially inept because they cannot relate effectively to people of their own or the opposite sex.

Question 40

Maurice was born with an XY chromosome type,and he has the external genitalia of a male.He has,for the better part of his life however,felt like he was supposed to be a woman.He has always identified more with feminine clothes,behaviors,and emotions.According to your textbook,Maurice has a male:

A)gender identity.
B)sexual disorder.
C)gender.
D)sex.

Question 41

The process whereby our culture teaches us how to think,feel,and behave as males and females is termed gender:

A)stereotyping.
B)modeling.
C)socialization.
D)scripting.

Question 42

Which of the following alternatives best captures the distinction between cross-dressing and transvestism?

A)There is no difference: transvestism is cross-dressing.
B)When a cross-dresser is gay or lesbian,he or she is a transvestite.
C)In transvestism,sexual arousal occurs from cross-dressing.
D)In transvestism,distress accompanies cross-dressing.

Question 43

With respect to gender differences in personality,women outscore men on measures of:

A)risk taking.
B)extraversion.
C)assertiveness.
D)anxiety.

Question 44

Which of the following is the title of a paper that might be written by a person who adheres to the interactionist approach to describing gender differences?

A)"Male or female? Your chromosomes will decide."
B)"Nature or nurture? More like nature and nurture!"
C)"How we're raised determines who we are."
D)"Gender - Who needs it?"

Question 45

In which of the following types of self-esteem do women generally score higher than men?

A)physical appearance
B)athleticism
C)self-satisfaction
D)moral and ethical

Question 46

With respect to gender differences in personality,which of the following statements is most accurate?

A)There are few gender differences in personality,regardless of culture.
B)There are gender differences in personality in some cultures but not in others.
C)There are some gender differences in personality that are consistent across cultures.
D)There are gender differences in personality in most cultures,but the specific traits that differ between men and women vary from one culture to the next.

Question 47

Paul feels that he was meant to be a woman,even though he is a man.He is contemplating surgery to alter his bodily appearance to that of a woman.He experiences a tremendous amount of distress over these feelings.Paul might be suffering from a disorder known as:

A)feminine status disorder.
B)male misidentity disorder.
C)inverted sex role syndrome.
D)gender dysphoria.

Question 48

Hits by female artists at a popular nightclub.Jay is a man who wears women's shoes and undergarments to achieve sexual gratification.Cinnamon is a(n)______.Jay is a(n)______.

A)transvestite; transsexual
B)cross-dresser; transvestite
C)transvestite; transvestite,as well
D)cross-dresser; transsexual

Question 49

Sexual __________ refers to enduring sexual attraction toward members of one's own sex,the other sex,or both.

A)orientation
B)preference
C)choice
D)identification

Question 50

A statistical method that summarizes the results of a lot of studies on the same topic is termed a:

A)significance test.
B)correlation coefficient.
C)factor analysis.
D)meta-analysis.

Question 51

With respect to the male advantage on tests of mental rotation and math abilities,which of the following statements is true?

A)For both mental rotation and math,the male advantage is apparent in infancy.
B)For mental rotation,the male advantage is apparent in infancy.For math,the male advantage appears after elementary school.
C)For mental rotation,the male advantage appears during elementary school.For math,the male advantage is apparent in infancy.
D)For both mental rotation and math,the male advantage appears during elementary school.

Question 52

When a person identifies with a gender other than the one assigned to him or her at birth,we say that the person has:

A)a gender-variant identity.
B)gender dysphoria.
C)a gender role dysfunction.
D)gender identity disorder.

Question 53

Those who used to be diagnosed with gender identity disorder were also referred to by the term:

A)hermaphrodite.
B)transvestite.
C)intersexual..
D)transsexual.

Question 54

People with gender __________ feel personal distress over their sense of a mismatch between their sex and their gender.

A)euphoria
B)anhedonia
C)dysphoria
D)anxiety

Question 55

Is having a gender variant identity more likely caused by nature- or nurture-related factors?

A)Nature.Gender variant disorder almost always reflects hormonal abnormalities.
B)Nurture.Gender variant disorder almost always stems from abusive or pathological parenting.
C)Gender variant disorder probably reflects an interaction between nature and nurture.
D)Psychologists have not examined gender variant disorder enough to know.

Question 56

Maurice was born with an XY chromosome type,and he has the external genitalia of a male.He has,for the better part of his life however,felt like he was supposed to be a woman.He has always identified more with feminine clothes,behaviors,and emotions.New surgical and medical techniques will now allow Maurice to take which of the following courses of action?

A)He will be able to alter his body to match his gender.
B)He will be able to alter his gender to match his body.
C)He will be able to make changes to his external appearance,even though his physical attributes will not change.
D)He will have only the option of taking hormone pills or injections,unless he wants to travel to Europe,which is the only continent where gender reassignment surgery is practiced.

Question 57

With respect to gender differences in personality,men outscore women on measures of:

A)risk taking.
B)agreeableness.
C)anxiety.
D)warmth.

Question 58

When one is uncomfortable with one's assigned gender and is unable to cope with the negative feelings,one experiences gender:

A)dysfunction.
B)dysphoria.
C)despair.
D)discomfort.

Question 59

Are gender differences more likely caused by nature- or nurture-related factors?

A)Nature.Gender differences overwhelmingly reflect the different evolutionary pressures faced by men and women in the distant past.
B)Nature.Gender differences overwhelmingly reflect male and female differences in hormonal influences and brain anatomy.
C)Nurture.Gender differences overwhelmingly reflect differences in socialization.
D)Both nature and nurture.Gender differences reflect the interplay of evolutionary,biological,and social factors.

Question 60

Based on your text's review,which of the following conclusions is probably most reasonable regarding gender differences in cognition?

A)Gender differences in cognition are large and pervasive.
B)Gender differences in cognition are nonexistent.
C)Gender differences in cognition are small,but consistent.
D)Gender differences in cognition aren't real; they are just stereotypes.

Question 61

Research demonstrating hypothalamus differences between homosexual and heterosexual men was compromised by which of the following flaws?

A)All of the homosexual men died of AIDS,and the illness may have caused the hypothalamus changes.
B)None of the heterosexual men reported on whether they had ever had intellectual disabilities.
C)The heterosexual men were drawn from a population of graduate students,while the homosexual men were drawn from a general community population.
D)Many of the heterosexual men in the sample were later found to have been dishonest about their sexual orientation.

Question 62

Richard is homosexual and has been for many years.Ever since high school he knew that he was gay,although he often wished that he was heterosexual.The fact that Richard is sexually attracted to men and not to women defines his sexual:

A)attachment.
B)identification.
C)orientation.
D)preference.

Question 63

Sexual ________ refers to a person whose attraction to others changes over time.An example would be someone who is attracted to those of the opposite sex at one point in their life and,later,is attracted to those of their own sex.

A)maleability
B)plasticity
C)flexibility
D)fluidity

Question 64

In the _______ phase of coming out,gay and lesbian individuals may be scared to talk to others about their orientation.

A)confusion
B)integration
C)acceptance
D)denial

Question 65

Channel is a 43 year-old female who has been in sexual relationships with both men and women in the past.She is presently dating a 32 year-old female and is thinking of moving to a state which legally recognizes the marriage between two women.She is thinking of getting married to her partner,despite still admitting that she finds both men and women attractive.Channel is considered _____________ in terms of her sexual orientation.

A)homosexual
B)heterosexual
C)bisexual
D)transsexual

Question 66

Which sequence correctly orders the stages of the coming out process,from first to last?

A)confusion $\rightarrow$ integration $\rightarrow$ acceptance
B)confusion $\rightarrow$ acceptance $\rightarrow$ integration
C)integration $\rightarrow$ confusion $\rightarrow$ acceptance
D)acceptance $\rightarrow$ confusion $\rightarrow$ integration

Question 67

What percentage of the general population experiences asexuality?

A)1%
B)5%
C)7%
D)10%

Question 68

James,a single man,is sexually attracted to men,but not women.According to your text,James is:

A)homosexual.
B)heterosexual.
C)transsexual.
D)bisexual.

Question 69

In male identical twins,if one of the twins is gay,the other has about a ___% chance of also being gay.

A)50
B)25
C)75
D)100

Question 70

What have twin studies told us about sexual orientation?

A)They are clear in supporting that sexual orientation is influenced only by genetic factors.
B)They clearly do not support the idea that sexual orientation is influenced by genetics.
C)Although supporting a genetic influence on sexual orientation,they do not rule out environmental influences as a contributor.
D)Twin studies have not been done in the matter of sexual orientation.

Question 71

When examining the concordance rates of homosexuality between identical twins and fraternal twins or non-twin siblings,the following has been reported by research-if one identical twin is gay,his brother has a ___% chance of being gay as well.If a fraternal twin or a non-twin sibling is gay,his brother has a ___% chance of being gay as well.

A)75; 18
B)52; 22
C)21; 7
D)98; 33

Question 72

In the acceptance phase of coming out,gay and lesbian individuals:

A)feel unsure about their same-sex feelings.
B)incorporate their orientation into their overall sense of self.
C)begin to acknowledge their feelings.
D)are generally afraid to disclose their orientation to others.

Question 73

Kinsey believed that:

A)sexual orientation was an either/or situation.
B)sexual orientation existed on a continuum.
C)sexual orientation was too sensitive to be studied.
D)premarital sex was fundamentally destructive to society.

Question 74

In the _______ phase of coming out,gay and lesbian individuals incorporate their orientation into their overall sense of self.

A)confusion
B)commitment
C)acceptance
D)integration

Question 75

Each of the following is among the stages of "coming out" as a gay man or lesbian EXCEPT:

A)confusion.
B)integration.
C)denial.
D)acceptance.

Question 76

Jeremiah is a 24-year old man who has never had a sexual encounter with another person.He has never masturbated,does not experience sexual fantasy,and is not sexually attracted to men or women.He is perfectly happy in his life,and does not feel like his lack of interest in sex means that he is missing anything from his life.Which of the following statements is true of Jeremiah?

A)Jeremiah would be described as being asexual.
B)Jeremiah suffers from gender dysphoria.
C)Jeremiah is a transsexual.
D)Jeremiah suffers from transvestitism.

Question 77

Lance is in the 12^th grade and is presently dating the head cheerleader named Ava.Lance is attracted to Ava,who is very feminine in her mannerisms,and Lance reports that he is attracted to girls who are petite and athletic.He and his buddies like to go "cruising for girls" on the weekends but he has never strayed from Ava and is thinking about proposing to her after they graduate.He has never been attracted to any other boys.Lance is considered ________________ in terms of his sexual orientation.

A)homosexual
B)heterosexual
C)bisexual
D)transsexual

Question 78

Raphael has only dated men in the past.He stated that in high school,he began to notice that he was only attracted to men.As a result,he has been in a relationship with a man for the past 5 years and is very happy.Raphael is considered __________ in terms of his sexual orientation.

A)homosexual
B)heterosexual
C)bisexual
D)transsexual

Question 79

Over the past several years,several celebrities have openly discussed their desire for sexual experiences that are satisfying-regardless of the sex of their partner.Most researchers would consider such individuals to be:

A)homosexual.
B)bisexual.
C)transsexual.
D)heterosexual.

Question 80

The researcher who found significant brain differences between heterosexual and homosexual men was:

A)Sherry Tylka
B)Mary Ainsworth
C)Joseph LoPiccolo
D)Simon LeVay