Question 1

S.M.A.R.T. goals are Specific, Meaningful, Active, Reachable, and Timely.

Accepted Answer

S.M.A.R.T. goals are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely.

Question 2

Management by objectives (MBO) is a management technique often used to develop and carry out:&#10;A) single-use plans&#10;B) standing plans&#10;C) operational plans&#10;D) tactical plans&#10;E) hierarchical plans

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

__________ occurs when managers choose an alternative that is good enough, rather than the best possiblealternative.&#10;A) Maximizing&#10;B) Optimizing&#10;C) Availability bias&#10;D) Negative frame&#10;E) Satisficing

Accepted Answer

Satisficing is the choice of an alternative that is sufficient or satisfactory to meet minimum requirements, rather than maximizing or optimizing to find the absolute best solution. This decision-making approach is often used when there are time or resource constraints, or when there is uncertainty about the outcome of different choices. Therefore, satisficing is the most appropriate choice for the given scenario.

Question 4

__________can help organizations to maintain flexibility as they plan.&#10;A) Environmental munificence&#10;B) Options-based planning&#10;C) Formalization&#10;D) Liaisons&#10;E) Group cohesiveness

Accepted Answer

The goal of options-based planning is to keep options open by making small, simultaneous investments in many options or plans.

Question 5

The first step in rational decision making is to:&#10;A) conduct a systematic environmental analysis&#10;B) define the problem&#10;C) evaluate the alternatives&#10;D) choose the solutions&#10;E) create a management team

Accepted Answer

The first step in rational decision making is to clearly define the problem. Without a clear understanding of the problem, it is difficult to conduct a systematic environmental analysis, evaluate alternatives, and ultimately choose a solution. Creating a management team may be necessary later in the decision-making process, but it is not the first step.

Question 6

The __________ approach to decision making is a method in which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of a critic.&#10;A) dialectical inquiry&#10;B) groupthink&#10;C) devil's advocacy&#10;D) Delphi&#10;E) dyadic communications

Accepted Answer

Devil's advocacy is a method in which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of a critic to challenge and question the assumptions and arguments presented by the decision-making group. This approach allows for critical thinking and prevents groupthink, where members of the group may be reluctant to express their dissenting opinions. The devil's advocacy approach encourages constructive conflict and encourages members to work harder to investigate and defend their ideas.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most specific type of standing plan?&#10;A) policies&#10;B) procedures&#10;C) rules and regulations&#10;D) forecasts&#10;E) MBO plans

Accepted Answer

Rules and regulations are the most specific type of standing plan as they provide clear and detailed instructions on what actions are to be taken in specific situations.

Question 8

Tactical plans specify how a company will use resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission.

Accepted Answer

Tactical plans are indeed designed to outline the specific actions that a company will take in order to achieve certain goals within its larger mission. These plans typically focus on the allocation of resources, budgets, and personnel in order to maximize efficiency and effectiveness.

Question 9

Managers can monitor___________ to track progress toward goal achievement.&#10;A) action plans and their implementation&#10;B) proximal and distal goals&#10;C) one-way and two-way evaluative techniques&#10;D) framing and non-framing goals&#10;E) open-ended and close-ended techniques

Accepted Answer

The answer of Managers can monitor___________ to track progress toward...

Question 10

One method of weighting decision criteria uses_________, which is a process where each decision criterion is compared directly to every other criterion.&#10;A) absolute comparisons&#10;B) relative comparisons&#10;C) valences&#10;D) minimum threshold rule&#10;E) comparative ranking scales&#10;

Accepted Answer

Relative comparisons involve comparing each decision criterion directly to every other criterion, which helps to establish the importance of each criterion in relation to the others. This method allows for a more accurate weighting of the criteria and can lead to better informed decisions.

Question 11

Top management is responsible for developing long-term____________ that make clear how the company will serve customers and position itself against competitors in the next two to five years.&#10;A) standing plans&#10;B) tactical plans&#10;C) operational plans&#10;D) strategic plans&#10;E) mission statements

Accepted Answer

The answer of Top management is responsible for developing long-term____________...

Question 12

To make completely rational decisions, managers would have to operate in a perfect world with no:&#10;A) constraints&#10;B) benchmarking&#10;C) methodology validity&#10;D) information overload&#10;E) all of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of To make completely rational decisions, managers would...

Deck 5: Section 3: Planning and Decision Making