Question 1

Infant reflexes are______.&#10;A)innate involuntary behavior patterns&#10;B)voluntary behavior patterns&#10;C)learned&#10;D)not used as a means for survival

Accepted Answer

Infant reflexes are innate involuntary behavior patterns that babies are born with. These reflexes are automatic responses to certain stimuli and help babies survive and protect themselves. Examples of infant reflexes include the rooting reflex (turning towards anything that touches the baby's cheek) and the sucking reflex (suckling when anything is placed in the baby's mouth).

Question 2

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by K&#252;bler-Ross is ______.&#10;A)denial,anger,bargaining,depression,and acceptance&#10;B)denial,anger,bargaining,acceptance,and depression&#10;C)anger,denial,bargaining,acceptance,and depression&#10;D)anger,denial,bargaining,depression,and acceptance

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence of the five stages of death and dying postulated by Kübler-Ross is denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. This is commonly known as the "DABDA" model.

Question 3

A baby's language that consists of repetition of consonant-vowel combinations is called ______.&#10;A)cooing&#10;B)holophrasing&#10;C)telegraphic speech&#10;D)babbling

Accepted Answer

Babbling is the stage in which babies repeat consonant-vowel combinations as they learn to produce sounds and experiment with language. Cooing refers to the early stage of vocalization where infant produces vowel sounds. Holophrasing is a stage in language development where the child uses single words to communicate more complex meanings. Telegraphic speech refers to the stage where children start using two-word phrases to communicate.

Question 4

________refers to heredity and __________ refers to environmental influences.&#10;A)Nature;nurture&#10;B)Cognition;emotion&#10;C)Nurture;behavioral genetics&#10;D)Cross-sectional;longitudinal

Accepted Answer

"Nature" refers to heredity or genetics, while "nurture" refers to environmental influences. The other answer choices are all referring to different concepts.

Question 5

The period of five to ten years during which a woman's reproductive system begins to decline is called_______.&#10;A)climacteric&#10;B)perimenopause&#10;C)menopause&#10;D)postmenopause

Accepted Answer

Perimenopause is the period of five to ten years during which a woman's reproductive system begins to decline, leading up to menopause. Menopause is the point at which a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months, while climacteric refers to the physiological and hormonal changes that occur during this time. Postmenopause refers to the time following menopause.

Question 6

Which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial crises revolves around the child's learning to direct his or her own behavior?&#10;A)trust versus mistrust&#10;B)initiative versus guilt&#10;C)industry versus inferiority&#10;D)autonomy versus shame and doubt

Accepted Answer

The psychosocial crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt occurs during the period of early childhood, around ages 1 to 3. This stage is characterized by a child's developing sense of independence and autonomy as they learn to direct their own behavior, make choices, and assert their will. If the child is supported in their efforts to be independent, they develop a sense of confidence and self-esteem. If they are excessively controlled or criticized, they may develop a sense of shame or doubt about their abilities.

Question 7

The theory of aging that suggests that human cells are limited in the number of times they can reproduce to repair damage is the __________.&#10;A)activity theory&#10;B)wear-and-tear theory&#10;C)disengagement theory&#10;D)cellular clock theory

Accepted Answer

The cellular clock theory proposes that human cells have a limit to the number of times they can divide for repair and maintenance purposes, ultimately leading to the aging process. This theory suggests that cellular aging results from genes that control the replication of cells, leading to shorter telomere length with each division. The wear-and-tear theory proposes that the body wears down from accumulated use, while the activity theory suggests that remaining active and involved in life helps slow down the aging process. The disengagement theory suggests that aging involves a withdrawal or disengagement from society and social roles.

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning vaccinations is TRUE?&#10;A)Children who are given an immunization can get the disease from it.&#10;B)There is no reason to immunize one's own child if all of the other children in school are immunized.&#10;C)The side effects of vaccines are more harmful than the effects of the diseases they prevent.&#10;D)Vaccines are one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of the diseases they treat.

Accepted Answer

Vaccines are one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of the diseases they treat. Vaccines work by stimulating the body's immune system to recognize and fight off specific diseases, helping to prevent the spread of those diseases within a community. While there can be potential side effects to vaccines, the benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risks, both for individuals who receive them and for society as a whole.

Question 9

Obedience to rules because of the fear of punishment is a characteristic of__________.&#10;A)conventional morality&#10;B)preconventional morality&#10;C)principled morality&#10;D)postconventional morality

Accepted Answer

Obedience to rules because of the fear of punishment is a characteristic of preconventional morality, which is the first stage of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg. In this stage, individuals only adhere to rules and norms because of the potential consequences of breaking them.

Question 10

Abby and Brittany Hensel ________.&#10;A)share one body from the waist down&#10;B)share one upper body&#10;C)share a heart&#10;D)share a stomach

Accepted Answer

Abby and Brittany Hensel are conjoined twins who share one body from the waist down. They have separate heads, hearts, and lungs.

Deck 7: C: Development Across the Lifespan