Question 1

When one thinks of &#34;value judgment&#34; in relation to personality,one is thinking about ____________.&#10;A)soul&#10;B)character&#10;C)temperament&#10;D)conscience

Accepted Answer

A value judgment is an assessment of a person or thing based on personal opinion or preference. Character is a key factor in forming such judgments since it refers to a person's moral and ethical qualities, which are highly valued by society. The other options (soul, temperament, conscience) also reflect important aspects of personality, but they are not as strongly associated with value judgments.

Question 2

Freud's refusal to believe his patients who said they were sexually molested as children is an example of _________.&#10;A)the horn effect&#10;B)unconscious motives&#10;C)interviewer bias&#10;D)the halo effect

Accepted Answer

Freud's refusal to believe his patients who claimed they were sexually molested as children is an example of interviewer bias, where the interviewer (Freud) had a preconceived idea that such incidents did not happen and therefore did not consider the possibility that the patients were being truthful.

Question 3

You are about to undergo delicate brain surgery that requires great skill on the part of the surgeon.As the surgical team wheels you into the operating room,you hope the surgeon has a high level of _____.

A)ego
B)extraversion
C)self-efficacy
D)superego

self-efficacy

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their own abilities to perform a specific task successfully. In this case, the surgeon's self-efficacy would be important as it would contribute to their confidence and skill in performing the delicate brain surgery.

Question 4

One of the dangers of taking online personality tests is ____________.&#10;A)they are all invalid&#10;B)there is a small normative group&#10;C)there are too few of them&#10;D)there is no face-to-face contact to help put the results in perspective

Accepted Answer

The lack of face-to-face contact can make it challenging to interpret and contextualize the results properly. This can lead to misinterpretation or misunderstanding of the results, which can be a danger of taking online personality tests.

Question 5

Adoption studies focusing on the heritability of traits have _____________.&#10;A)disputed the findings of twin studies&#10;B)been attacked for ethical reasons&#10;C)confirmed what twin studies have shown&#10;D)shown that twin studies have methods that need to be reexamined

Accepted Answer

Adoption studies have generally confirmed what twin studies have shown about the heritability of traits.

Question 6

What is Freud's term for the primitive,biological side of personality?&#10;A)id&#10;B)ego&#10;C)superego&#10;D)preconscious

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of personality, the id represents the primitive, biological side of personality that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of its desires and impulses.

Question 7

What do Abraham Maslow's and Carl Rogers's theories have in common?&#10;A)They are both stage theories.&#10;B)They focus on unconscious motivation.&#10;C)They believe that each human being is free to choose his or her own destiny.&#10;D)They both fit in the learning/cognitive perspective.

Accepted Answer

Both Abraham Maslow's and Carl Rogers's theories emphasize the importance of individual free will and personal responsibility in shaping one's own destiny. They both believe that humans have the innate capacity for self-actualization and self-growth through personal choice and self-determination.

Question 8

Jung believed that there were two levels to the unconscious mind,the personal and the ________.&#10;A)collective&#10;B)animus&#10;C)anima&#10;D)preconscious

Accepted Answer

According to Jung, the personal unconscious contains all the repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories of an individual's personal experience. On the other hand, the collective unconscious is shared by all humans and contains archetypes, universal symbols, and collective experiences that have been passed down through generations.

Question 9

What did Raymond Cattell call the underlying traits that direct surface traits?&#10;A)source traits&#10;B)secondary traits&#10;C)background traits&#10;D)subordinate traits

Accepted Answer

Raymond Cattell called the underlying traits that direct surface traits "source traits." These source traits are the underlying factors that influence and guide the surface traits that are visible in an individual's behavior.

Question 10

Probably the biggest problem with personality assessments by behaviorists is the _____.&#10;A)observer effect&#10;B)subject bias&#10;C)experimenter bias&#10;D)test bias

Accepted Answer

The answer of Probably the biggest problem with personality assessments...

Deck 13: A: Theories of Personality