Deck 11: Axial Muscles

Question 1

Your favorite niece just gave you a kiss.What muscle did she use?

A)Orbicularis oris
B)Orbicularis oculi
C)Depressor labii inferioris
D)Depressor anguli oris
E)Procerus

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A nursing baby is using what muscle?

A)Risorius
B)Platysma
C)Mentalis
D)Levator labii superioris
E)Buccinator

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The ending "glossus" on the name of a muscle refers to

A)the tongue.
B)mastication.
C)the neck.
D)swallowing.
E)the jaw.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which extrinsic eye muscle moves through a pulleylike loop?

A)Inferior oblique
B)Superior oblique
C)Lateral rectus
D)Medial rectus
E)Superior rectus

Question 5

Your professor says something profoundly funny.You are tempted to laugh but because you failed to brush your teeth this morning all you can do is to manage a closed-mouth smile.What muscle are you primarily using?

A)Risorius
B)Platysma
C)Mentalis
D)Levator labii superioris
E)Buccinator

Question 6

You hear a sharp noise to your left causing you to shift your eyes in that direction.Which muscles were responsible for your glance?

A)Left eye - lateral rectus,right eye - medial rectus
B)Left eye - medial rectus,right eye - lateral rectus
C)Left eye and right eye - lateral rectus
D)Left eye and right eye - medial rectus
E)Left eye - superior oblique,right eye - inferior oblique

Question 7

Which extrinsic eye muscle is innervated by the abducens nerve (CN VI)?

A)Inferior oblique
B)Superior oblique
C)Lateral rectus
D)Medial rectus
E)Superior rectus

Question 8

When a person blinks she is using her

A)occipitofrontalis muscle.
B)orbicularis oris.
C)procerus.
D)orbicularis oculi.
E)depressor labii inferioris.

Question 9

The overall recovery rate for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Bell palsy)averages about ___________ percent,and does not appear to be related to its treatment.

A)10
B)20
C)50
D)70
E)80

Question 10

Which muscle does not move the mandible?

A)Temporalis
B)Masseter
C)Lateral pterygoid
D)Medial pterygoid
E)Genioglossus

Question 11

There are four muscles of mastication.Select the exception.

A)Buccinator
B)Masseter
C)Temporalis
D)Lateral pterygoid
E)Medial pterygoid

Question 12

The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle causes what action?

A)Sneering
B)Smiling
C)Flares the nostrils
D)Wrinkles the brow (forehead)
E)Frown

Question 13

What muscle elevates the soft palate when swallowing?

A)Palatopharyngeus
B)Stylopharyngeus
C)Levator veli palatini
D)Tensor veli palatini
E)Superior constrictor

Question 14

The ability to curl your tongue into a tube is a genetic trait controlled by what muscle(s)?

A)Hyoglossus
B)Palatoglossus
C)Styloglossus
D)Intrinsic tongue muscles
E)Genioglossus

Question 15

All of the "rectus" extrinsic eye muscles attach to which two features?
A: Bones of the orbit
B: Dura mater of the CNS
C: Sclera of the eye
D: Central tendinous ring
E: Common tendinous ring

A)a and e
B)c and d
C)a and c
D)b and d
E)c and e

Question 16

The mentalis muscle has what action?

A)Smiling
B)Frowning
C)Pouting
D)Blowing
E)Sucking

Question 17

You just ran over a skunk on your way to class.The odor was overwhelming and in response you wrinkled your nose in disgust.You have just used your

A)nasalis muscle.
B)procerus muscle.
C)depressor anguli oris.
D)frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle.
E)occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle.

Question 18

Of the muscles listed,the only one that inserts on the hyoid bone is the

A)hyoglossus.
B)palatoglossus.
C)styloglossus.
D)lateral pterygoid.
E)genioglossus.

Question 19

The muscle responsible for sticking out the tongue is the

A)hyoglossus.
B)palatoglossus.
C)styloglossus.
D)hypoglossus.
E)genioglossus.

Question 20

The muscle that causes the look of fear by tensing the skin of the neck is the

A)buccinator.
B)orbicularis oris.
C)zygomaticus major.
D)orbicularis oculi.
E)platysma.

Question 21

The most medial of the abdominal muscles are the _________ muscles.

A)rectus abdominis
B)transversus abdominis
C)internal oblique
D)external oblique
E)tendinous intersections

Question 22

These muscles extend inferomedially from the superior rib to an adjacent inferior rib,and are involved in elevating the ribs during inhalation.

A)Internal intercostals
B)External intercostals
C)Transversus thoracis
D)Diaphragm
E)Serratus posterior inferior

Question 23

You have just disembarked from an airplane following a cross-country flight.You are experiencing difficulty in hearing and notice that your ears are plugged.To relieve the pressure you try "yawning" to clear the ear canal.It worked.What muscle was involved?

A)Middle constrictor
B)Levator veli palatini
C)Salpingopharyngeus
D)Palatopharyngeus
E)Tensor veli palatini

Question 24

The most important muscle associated with breathing is the

A)diaphragm.
B)external intercostal.
C)intertransversarii.
D)rotators.
E)quadratus lumborum.

Question 25

The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in

A)respiration.
B)urination.
C)defecation.
D)childbirth.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 26

Which muscle forms the traditional "six-pack" of a well-toned abdominal wall?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)Longissimus

Question 27

The muscle(s)that form(s)a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities is/are the

A)scalenes.
B)interspinales.
C)internal intercostal.
D)diaphragm.
E)transversus thoracis.

Question 28

Which elevate(s)the ribs?

A)External intercostals
B)Internal intercostals
C)Serratus posterior superior
D)Transversus thoracis
E)Two of the choices are correct.

Question 29

If you contract your right sternocleidomastoid muscle,what movement would you expect?

A)Your chin would touch your chest.
B)Your head would turn to the right.
C)Your chin would point toward the ceiling.
D)Your head would turn to the left.
E)Your shoulders would shrug.

Question 30

What is the linea alba?

A)A round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone
B)A fibrous,perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
C)A flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
D)A thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
E)A narrow,vertical,fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

Question 31

This muscle has its inferior attachment on the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle,and its superior attachment on the mastoid process.

A)Longissimus capitis
B)Sternocleidomastoid
C)Scalene
D)Splenius capitis
E)Splenius cervicus

Question 32

What is an aponeurosis?

A)A round tendonlike structure attaching muscle to bone
B)A fibrous,perpendicular insertion between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
C)A flat sheet of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
D)A thin layer of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
E)A narrow,vertical,fibrous strip used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

Question 33

Which of the abdominal muscles has its superior attachment on the xiphoid process of the sternum?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 34

The deepest of the abdominal muscles are the _________ muscles.

A)rectus abdominis
B)transversus abdominis
C)internal oblique
D)external oblique
E)tendinous intersections

Question 35

Which of the abdominal muscles does not insert on the linea alba?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)No exceptions; all choices insert on the linea alba.

Question 36

When contracted,this muscle causes expansion of the thoracic cavity and increases pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity.Its insertion is on a central tendon.

A)Internal intercostals
B)External intercostals
C)Transversus thoracis
D)Diaphragm
E)Serratus posterior inferior

Question 37

The most laterally placed of the three erector spinae components,the ___________ group,is composed of three parts: cervical,thoracic,and lumbar.

A)longissimus
B)spinalis
C)iliocostalis

Question 38

This muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column toward the opposite side of the body.Its inferior attachment is on the sacrum and transverse processes of each vertebra,and its superior attachment is the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae.

A)Multifidus
B)Interspinales
C)Intertransversarii
D)Rotators
E)Quadratus lumborum

Question 39

What are tendinous intersections?

A)Round tendonlike structures attaching muscle to bone
B)Fibrous,perpendicular insertions between successive sheets or blocks of muscle
C)Flat sheets of connective tissue used for muscle insertion
D)Thin layers of muscle used to attach two other muscles together
E)Narrow,vertical,fibrous strips used to attach muscle sheaths of the left and right rectus abdominis

Question 40

Which depress(es)the ribs?

A)Internal intercostals
B)Serratus posterior inferior
C)Transversus thoracis
D)Two of the choices are correct.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 41

What is the diamond-shaped region between the lower appendages called?

A)The periosteum
B)The pedundal triangle
C)The perineum
D)The posterior diaphragm
E)The coccygeal triangle

Question 42

Collectively,these muscles support and position the head,vertebral column,and thoracic cage.They also control movements associated with respiration and form part of the floor of the pelvic cavity.

A)Axial muscles
B)Appendicular muscles

Question 43

During the act of defecation the coccyx is deflected posteriorly.What muscle is responsible for pulling the coccyx anteriorly after defecation?

A)Iliococcygeus
B)External anal sphincter
C)Coccygeus
D)Pubococcygeus
E)Puborectalis

Question 44

Which of the abdominal muscles is responsible for taking in a breath?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transverus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 45

Which muscles arise from the skull and often attach to the skin?

A)Extrinsic eye muscles
B)Muscles of mastication
C)Muscles that move the tongue
D)Muscles of facial expression
E)Muscles of the pharynx

Question 46

Muscles of the vertebral column are simple,having only one superior and inferior attachment.

Question 47

Which muscle is part of the urogenital diaphragm and constricts the urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination?

A)Ischiocavernosus
B)Superficial transverse perineal muscle
C)External urethral sphincter
D)Bulbospongiosus
E)Pubococcygeus

Question 48

The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles.Select the exception.

A)Puborectalis
B)Bulbospongiosus
C)Ischiocavernosus
D)Superficial transverse perineal

Question 49

Which muscles help us in the initial breakdown of food?

A)Extrinsic eye muscles
B)Muscles of mastication
C)Muscles that move the tongue
D)Muscles of facial expression
E)Muscles of the pharynx

Question 50

This muscle must be consciously relaxed during defecation in order to decrease the bend of the anorectal junction and permit easy passage of feces through the rectum.

A)Iliococcygeus
B)External anal sphincter
C)Coccygeus
D)Pubococcygeus
E)Puborectalis

Question 51

Which two muscles are known collectively as the urogenital diaphragm?
A: Ischiocavernosus
B: Deep transverse perineal
C: Bulbospongiosus
D: External urethral sphincter

A)a,c
B)b,d
C)a,d
D)b,c
E)c,d

Question 52

This muscle has its origin on the perineal body and it encircles the anal opening.

A)External anal sphincter
B)Coccygeus
C)Iliococcygeus
D)Pubococcygeus
E)Puborectalis

Question 53

Which of the abdominal muscles has its fibers running in an inferomedial direction?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 54

These muscles extend from the pubis and ischium anteriorly to the sacrum and coccyx posteriorly.They control the evacuation of waste materials from the digestive and urinary systems.

A)Muscles of the abdominal wall
B)Muscles of the vertebral column
C)Muscles of the pelvic floor
D)Muscles of the pharynx
E)Muscles of the perineal floor

Question 55

What muscle forms a circular "sling" around the anorectal junction?

A)Iliococcygeus
B)External anal sphincter
C)Coccygeus
D)Pubococcygeus
E)Puborectalis

Question 56

In the male,which muscle ejects urine or semen,compresses the base of the penis,and helps in formation of an erection?

A)Iliococcygeus
B)Superficial transverse perineal muscle
C)External urethral sphincter
D)Bulbospongiosus
E)Pubococcygeus

Question 57

Which muscles aid in the act of swallowing?

A)Muscles of the pharynx
B)Muscles of mastication
C)Muscles that move the tongue
D)Muscles of facial expression
E)Two of the choices are correct.

Question 58

Which of the abdominal muscles is innervated by spinal nerves T7-T12?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 59

Of the muscles listed,the only one not innervated by the pudendal nerve is the

A)external anal sphincter.
B)coccygeus.
C)iliococcygeus.
D)pubococcygeus.
E)puborectalis.

Question 60

Which of the abdominal muscles has its inferior attachment on the superior surface of the pubis?

A)Rectus abdominis
B)Transversus abdominis
C)Internal oblique
D)External oblique
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 61

A condition in which a portion of the viscera protrudes through a weakened point of the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as a hernia.

Question 62

As the diaphragm contracts,the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity are decreased.

Question 63

The erector spinae muscles collectively are used to maintain posture and to stand erect.

Question 64

A medical procedure often performed during childbirth in which an incision is made in the perineal skin and soft tissues between the vagina and the anus is termed an episiotomy.