Deck 33: Putting Selection to Work

Question 1

In China, which organism's major centre of domestication was the Lower Yangtze Neolithic site?

A)panda bear
B)Chinese broccoli
C)rice
D)Chinese cabbage

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is the site of domestication of einkorn wheat?

A)France
B)Turkey
C)Italy
D)Belgium

Answer 2

B

Question 3

How many children died of hunger worldwide in 2011?

A)8500 per day
B)10 000 per day
C)12 500 per day
D)15 000 per day

Answer 3

A

Question 4

When were cattle domesticated?

A)at least 5000 years B.P.
B)at least 6000 years B.P.
C)at least 8000 years B.P.
D)at least 9000 years B.P.

Question 5

When were the first dogs domesticated?

A)about 5000 years B.P.
B)about 9000 years B.P.
C)about 10 000 years B.P.
D)about 15 000 years B.P.

Question 6

How many species of marine plants have humans domesticated?

A)about 19
B)about 18
C)about 17
D)about 16

Question 7

How many species of freshwater animals have humans domesticated?

A)about 300
B)about 250
C)about 200
D)about 180

Question 8

How many species of land plants have humans domesticated?

A)about 300
B)about 250
C)about 200
D)about 150

Question 9

For honeybees, which of the following was among the steps to their domestication?

A)changes in their behaviour
B)changes in their climate
C)changes in their need for food
D)changes in their need for pollination

Question 10

What was the first stage of lentil domestication?

A)shortened dormancy
B)artificial dormancy
C)single dormancy
D)loss of dormancy

Question 11

How many species of marine animals have humans domesticated?

A)about 250
B)about 200
C)about 150
D)about 100

Question 12

Who were the first domesticators of cattle?

A)agriculturists
B)nomadic hunters
C)sedentary farmers
D)poachers

Question 13

Which changes are considered to be a part of the "green revolution"?

A)changes in crop yield
B)changes in vegetable production
C)changes in climate
D)changes in ecology

Question 14

In how many environmentally and biotically diverse areas in the world has domestication arisen?

A)6 to 8
B)8 to 10
C)10 to 12
D)12 to 14

Question 15

Why was the habitat at Kuahugiao domesticated?

A)to establish conditions for growing animals
B)to establish conditions for growing vegetables
C)to establish conditions for growing grass
D)to establish conditions for growing rice

Question 16

When did yeast start to be used by people in bread making?

A)at least 7000 years B.P.
B)at least 6000 years B.P.
C)at least 5000 years B.P.
D)at least 3000 years B.P.

Question 17

Globally, how many people did NOT receive enough food each day in 1960?

A)about 1.4 billion people
B)about 1.8 billion people
C)about 2.0 billion people
D)about 2.2 billion people

Question 18

What triggered the start of food cultivation at Abu Hureyra on the Euphrates?

A)habitat change
B)climate change
C)animal hunting
D)plant domestication

Question 19

How many species contributed to the domestication of wild rice?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four

Question 20

What percentage of genetic variation in yeast genotypes was associated with geographic location?

A)about 18%
B)about 28%
C)about 38%
D)about 48%

Question 21

Which set lists organisms that were domesticated for more than one use?

A)squash, dogs, and sheep
B)squash, cattle, and dogs
C)dogs, cattle, and sheep
D)cotton, cattle, and sheep

Question 22

Which animal was among the first to be domesticated?

A)the parrot
B)the dog
C)the guinea pig
D)the hamster

Question 23

How do we know that a cultivated species has NOT yet been domesticated?

A)There is no evidence of breeding at all.
B)People do not use the species for food.
C)The species has changed its appearance.
D)There is no evidence of selective breeding.

Question 24

Where did potatoes originate?

A)in western North America
B)in North America and South America
C)in eastern North America
D)in western South America

Question 25

Which species was used for domestication of Cucurbita argyrosperma?

A)Cucurbita sororia
B)Cucurbita andreana
C)Cucurbita maxima
D)Cucurbita pepo

Question 26

Which of the following are considered to be variations of one species of Brassica oleracea?

A)cabbage and cauliflower
B)turnip and mustard
C)mustard and cabbage
D)cabbage and turnip

Question 27

In what area were cats first domesticated?

A)in the Middle East
B)in the South
C)in the West
D)in the Near East

Question 28

How many square kilometres of land were needed to grow alfalfa in ancient Rome, based on Homer-Dixon's calculations?

A)35.1 km²
B)35.2 km²
C)35.4 km²
D)35.5 km²

Question 29

What is the average amount of energy per day that one adult human being needs to maintain a stable body mass?

A)8100 kJ/day
B)8200 kJ/day
C)8300 kJ/day
D)8400 kJ/day

Question 30

At how many locations has corn been domesticated?

A)one
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 31

Which set lists animals that have been cultivated but NOT yet domesticated?

A)ostriches, crocodiles, and ball pythons
B)ostriches, crocodiles, and oysters
C)mushrooms, ostriches, and ball pythons
D)mushrooms, crocodiles, and ball pythons

Question 32

How many square kilometres of land were needed to grow wheat in ancient Rome, based on Homer-Dixon's calculations?

A)19.4 km²
B)19.5 km²
C)19.6 km²
D)19.8 km²

Question 33

Who developed Marquis wheat?

A)Marquis M. Smith
B)William Saunders
C)Charles E. Saunders
D)Fred Solovonuk

Question 34

Which of the following pairs are considered to be variations of Brassica rapa?

A)turnip and rutabaga
B)Brussels sprouts and mustard
C)turnip and rapini
D)rutabaga and mustard

Question 35

Which strains of wheat were the main focus of crosses that led to the emergence of Marquis wheat?

A)Hard Red Calcutta and Red Fife
B)Hard Red Calcutta and durum wheat
C)durum wheat and white wheat
D)white wheat and Red Fife

Question 36

Genetic analyses suggest there were at least two important origins of grape domestication. Where were these two origins?

A)in the Far East and in the northern Mediterranean region
B)in the Far East and in the western Mediterranean region
C)in the Near East and in the western Mediterranean region
D)in the Near East and in the northern Mediterranean region

Question 37

How many tonnes of Atlantic salmon were produced by aquaculture in 2006 in Nova Scotia?

A)20 000
B)30 000
C)35 000
D)50 000

Question 38

How many independent domestication events occurred in the process of domesticating squash?

A)at least 6
B)at least 5
C)at least 4
D)at least 2

Question 39

What were the centres of domestication for Brassica species?

A)in North America and Europe
B)in North America and Asia
C)in Europe and West Asia
D)in Europe and East Asia

Question 40

In which areas did the plants from which tomatoes were domesticated grow?

A)in North America and Central America
B)in Europe and North America
C)in North America and South America
D)in South America and Central America

Question 41

Domestication marked the birth of agriculture.

Question 42

The beginning of the Paleolithic period is often defined by the domestication of other species.

Question 43

What is the benefit of genetically engineered golden rice?

A)It produces larger crops.
B)It is cheaper to produce.
C)It produces precursors to vitamin A in its endosperm.
D)It requires less water to grow.

Question 44

When did Chinese scientists report the effectiveness of qinghao in treating malaria to the world?

A)in 1979
B)in 1978
C)in 1977
D)in 1976

Question 45

Which plant is Foeniculum vulgare commonly confused with?

A)rosemary
B)parsley
C)oregano
D)seaweed

Question 46

Which plant is the weed Daucus carota commonly confused with?

A)rosemary
B)oregano
C)basil
D)parsley

Question 47

In 2007, the annual worldwide investment in agriculture research was U.S.$30 billion. How much of this money was aimed at solving problems of agriculture in developing countries?

A)about one-third
B)about half
C)about two-thirds
D)all of it

Question 48

When did Chinese scientists discover the effectiveness of qinghao in treating malaria?

A)in 1969
B)in 1970
C)in 1971
D)in 1972

Question 49

Pigs were all domesticated in the same centre.

Question 50

What advantages do humans have through their ability to exploit other species?

A)increased access to food and to chemicals for treating disorders or controlling pests
B)increased access to food and labour, to materials for constructing things, and to chemicals for treating disorders or controlling pests
C)decreased access to food and labour, to materials for constructing things, and to chemicals for treating disorders or controlling pests
D)increased access to food and labour and to chemicals for treating disorders or controlling pests

Question 51

Which set of cats are considered to be founder populations?

A)European wildcat, African wildcat, and Chinese wildcat
B)European wildcat, Eastern wildcat, and Northern wildcat
C)Southern wildcat, Eastern wildcat, and Northern wildcat
D)European wildcat, African wildcat, and Asian wildcat

Question 52

Taming occurred when people selectively bred individuals of other species to increase the desirable characteristics in the progeny.

Question 53

How many years passed between the time Chinese scientists discovered that qinghao could be used to treat malaria and the time the discovery was reported to the world?

A)9 years
B)8 years
C)7 years
D)6 years

Question 54

When did tobacco reach Europe?

A)by 1540
B)by 1640
C)by 1650
D)by 1740

Question 55

According to WHO's 1984 global estimate, how many children lacked diets containing vitamin A?

A)250 000 to 500 000
B)200 000 to 250 000
C)150 000 to 200 000
D)100 000 to 150 000

Question 56

How could the use of improved agriculture techniques lower prices and increase the availability of artemisinin, and thus save many lives?

A)by the use of microbial production and synthetic peroxidases
B)by the selection of high-yielding hybrids, and by the use of synthetic peroxidases
C)by the selection of high-yielding hybrids, and by the use of microbial production
D)by the selection of high-yielding hybrids, and by the use of microbial production and synthetic peroxidases

Question 57

How many people died from malaria in 2008?

A)over 1.0 million
B)over 1.3 million
C)over 1.5 million
D)over 1.7 million

Question 58

Which plant is Petroselinum crispum commonly confused with?

A)fennel
B)basil
C)parsley
D)oregano

Question 59

Which plant is the common weed Queen Anne's lace easily confused with?

A)cilantro
B)sage
C)parsley
D)rosemary

Question 60

Domestication started at the same time in different parts of the world.

Question 61

One variety of domesticated rice, Oryza sativa indica, was domesticated in eastern China.

Question 62

Domestication of rice depended upon the change from dehiscence to indehiscence.

Question 63

Chilli peppers originated in the Old World.

Question 64

Yeasts associated with bread were intermediate between wild types and those used in making beer and wine.

Question 65

When organisms reproduce sexually, domestication may occur more rapidly.

Question 66

Tobacco and species in the genus Datura are used as the source of hallucinogenic compounds.

Question 67

Some members of the family Solonaceae are used as the source of medical compounds.

Question 68

At least four species of cotton have been domesticated: two haploid species and two tetraploid species.

Question 69

Diploid species of cotton were domesticated from the Old World.

Question 70

Yeasts used in the production of rice wine and saki were more similar to yeast used for bread.

Question 71

When asexual reproduction is involved in the breeding process, the time to domestication is partly determined by life cycle.

Question 72

Squash was cultivated about 4000 years before corn.

Question 73

Dr. Richard Keith Downey is best known for his work on wildseed.

Question 74

Diploid species of cotton were domesticated from the New World.

Question 75

One variety of domesticated rice, Oryza sativa japonica, was domesticated in southern China.

Question 76

The humped cattle Bos taurus is one variety of domesticated cattle.

Question 77

The precursor of the main active ingredient in aspirin is salicylic acid, which is obtained from the bark of oak trees.

Question 78

All cultivated species of eggplants are native to the New World.

Question 79

When organisms reproduce asexually, domestication may occur more slowly.

Question 80

The humped cattle Bos indicus is one variety of domesticated cattle.