Question 1

Which of the following types of cell cleavage is found most often for protostomes?&#10;A)spiral, indeterminate cleavage&#10;B)radial, indeterminate cleavage&#10;C)radial, determinate cleavage&#10;D)spiral, determinate cleavage

Accepted Answer

Spiral, determinate cleavage is found most often in protostomes. This means that the cells divide in a spiral pattern and the fate of each cell is determined early on in development. This type of cleavage results in a mosaic pattern of embryonic development, where each cell contributes to a specific part of the body.

Question 2

Which of the following types of cell cleavage is found most often for deuterostomes?&#10;A)radial, indeterminate cleavage&#10;B)spiral, determinate cleavage&#10;C)radial, determinate cleavage&#10;D)spiral, indeterminate cleavage

Accepted Answer

Radial, indeterminate cleavage is characteristic of deuterostomes, allowing for the potential of each cell to develop into a complete organism.

Question 3

Which term refers to animals that have a fluid-filled cavity that separates the gut from the muscles of the body wall and which is completely lined by the peritoneum?&#10;A)coelomate&#10;B)pseudocoelomate&#10;C)indeterminate&#10;D)mesenteries

Accepted Answer

Animals with a fluid-filled cavity that is completely lined by the peritoneum are called coelomates. Examples of coelomates include humans, worms, and mollusks. Pseudocoelomates, on the other hand, have a cavity that is only partially lined by the peritoneum and includes animals like roundworms and rotifers. Indeterminate refers to animals that have the potential to form a complete body cavity but have not yet done so, while mesenteries are thin sheets of tissue that support and surround organs within the body cavity.

Question 4

For most metazoans, what is the name of the innermost tissue layer during development?&#10;A)mesoderm&#10;B)epiderm&#10;C)endoderm&#10;D)ectoderm

Accepted Answer

The innermost tissue layer during development for most metazoans is called the endoderm. The endoderm gives rise to the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems as well as the liver and pancreas in some animals. Mesoderm and ectoderm are the outer and middle layers, respectively. Epiderm is a term typically used to refer to the outer layer of the skin in animals.

Question 5

What is the name of the main embryonic cell layer from which the muscles of the body wall are derived in most metazoans?&#10;A)mesoderm&#10;B)endoderm&#10;C)ectoderm&#10;D)mesoglea

Accepted Answer

Mesoderm is the primary germ layer that gives rise to the muscles of the body wall in most metazoans. It also gives rise to other structures such as the skeleton, circulatory system, and reproductive system. Endoderm gives rise to the digestive and respiratory systems, while ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and skin. Mesoglea is not a germ layer, but rather a jelly-like substance found in cnidarians.

Question 6

Which term refers to an animal that is unable to undergo locomotion under its own power?&#10;A)sedentary&#10;B)prehensile&#10;C)motile&#10;D)sessile

Accepted Answer

A sessile animal is one that is fixed in place and cannot undergo locomotion under its own power. Sedentary refers to an animal that is not inclined to move around much but is still able to do so, prehensile refers to an animal's ability to grasp objects, and motile refers to an animal's ability to move around under its own power.

Question 7

For most protostomes, what is the developmental origin of the body cavity between the gut and muscles of the body wall?&#10;A)schizocoelom&#10;B)enterocoelom&#10;C)mesoglea&#10;D)blastopore

Accepted Answer

Most protostomes develop a body cavity called a schizocoelom, which forms from splitting of mesodermal cells in the embryo.

Question 8

For most metazoans, what is the name of the outermost tissue layer during development?&#10;A)epiderm&#10;B)ectoderm&#10;C)endoderm&#10;D)mesoderm

Accepted Answer

The outermost tissue layer during development for most metazoans is called the ectoderm.

Question 9

Which of the following is the developing gut for most animal embryos?&#10;A)mesoglea&#10;B)blastopore&#10;C)schizocoelom&#10;D)archenteron

Accepted Answer

The archenteron is the embryonic precursor to the digestive tract, also known as the developing gut, for most animal embryos. The mesoglea is a gel-like substance found between the two layers of cells in cnidarians (jellyfish, corals, etc.). The blastopore is the indentation on one end of the blastula stage of development, which can develop into either the mouth or anus depending on the organism. The schizocoelom is a type of body cavity formed by splitting the mesoderm in some animal embryos.

Question 10

Which embryonic cell layer develops into the lining of the gut in most metazoans?&#10;A)mesoglea&#10;B)ectoderm&#10;C)endoderm&#10;D)epiderm

Accepted Answer

The endoderm is the embryonic cell layer that develops into the lining of the gut in most metazoans. This layer gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive tract, as well as the respiratory and excretory systems in some species.

Question 11

For most animal embryos, what is the name of the initial opening between the developing gut and the outside environment?&#10;A)mesoglea&#10;B)blastopore&#10;C)schizocoelom&#10;D)archenteron

Accepted Answer

The answer of For most animal embryos, what is the...

Question 12

Which term refers to animals that do NOT have a body cavity that separates the gut from the muscles of the body wall?&#10;A)indeterminate&#10;B)acoelomate&#10;C)pseudocoelomate&#10;D)mesenteries

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to animals that do...

Question 13

Which phylum has members that exhibit radial symmetry, with their body parts arranged regularly around a central axis?&#10;A)Porifera&#10;B)Cnidaria&#10;C)Chordata&#10;D)Platyhelminthes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum has members that exhibit radial...

Question 14

Which of the following describes the nutritional strategy of animals?&#10;A)autotrophy, as either absorbing other life forms or by living in a parasitic association with them&#10;B)heterotrophy, as either absorbing other life forms or by living in a symbiotic association with them&#10;C)autotrophy, as either eating other life forms or by living in a symbiotic association with them&#10;D)heterotrophy, as either eating other life forms or by living in a parasitic association with them

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes the nutritional...

Question 15

The Burgess Shale formation in eastern British Columbia includes a wide variety of animal fossils such as Hallucingenia and Opabinia. When was the Burgess Shale formed?&#10;A)about 8000 years ago&#10;B)about 78 million years ago&#10;C)about 505 million years ago&#10;D)about 4 billion years ago

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Burgess Shale formation in eastern British...

Question 16

Based on molecular analysis, which of the following appears to be least meaningful for inferring animal phylogenic relationships?&#10;A)morphological patterns&#10;B)radial symmetry in the Radiata&#10;C)mitochondrial DNA sequences&#10;D)body cavity differences

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on molecular analysis, which of the...

Question 17

Which of the following most closely resemble the earliest ancestor of all animals?&#10;A)colonial, flagellated protists&#10;B)unicellular protozoa&#10;C)colonial algae&#10;D)gram-negative bacteria

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following most closely resemble...

Question 18

What is the name of the main embryonic cell layer from which the nervous system is derived in most metazoans?&#10;A)endoderm&#10;B)mesoglea&#10;C)mesoderm&#10;D)ectoderm

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of the main...

Question 19

For most metazoans, what is the name of the middle tissue layer during development?&#10;A)mesoglea&#10;B)epiderm&#10;C)mesoderm&#10;D)ectoderm

Accepted Answer

The answer of For most metazoans, what is the name...

Question 20

Which term refers to groups of cells that share a common structure and function?&#10;A)organ systems&#10;B)organs&#10;C)tissues&#10;D)colonies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to groups of cells...

Question 21

What is the name of the specialized stinging cells that jellyfishes have as part of their epidermis, and which they use to paralyze small prey?&#10;A)tentacles&#10;B)flame cells&#10;C)choanocytes&#10;D)cnidocytes

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of the specialized...

Question 22

Which phylum is a member of the Radiata?&#10;A)Porifera&#10;B)Nemertea&#10;C)Rotifera&#10;D)Ctenophora

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum is a member of the...

Question 23

Which of the following describes spicules?&#10;A)They are complicated pore openings and passageways found in sponges.&#10;B)They are fibrous skeletal proteins found in sponges.&#10;C)They are needlelike skeletal structures made up of silica or calcium carbonate found in sponges.&#10;D)They are specialized digestive cells found in sponges.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes spicules?&#10;A)They are...

Question 24

Based on modern molecular phylogeny, which animal taxon has members with radial symmetry?&#10;A)Ecdysozoa&#10;B)Deuterostomia&#10;C)Radiata&#10;D)Protostomia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on modern molecular phylogeny, which animal...

Question 25

Which animal taxon is named for the cuticle or external skeleton that its members secrete and periodically moult?&#10;A)Reptilia&#10;B)Deuterostomia&#10;C)Protostomia&#10;D)Ecdysozoa

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which animal taxon is named for the...

Question 26

Which phylum includes members that have radial symmetry and nematocysts, and may have polyp or medusa forms (or both) as adults?&#10;A)Rotifera&#10;B)Cnidaria&#10;C)Porifera&#10;D)Nematoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum includes members that have radial...

Question 27

Which lineage of Cnidarians exist primarily as cube-shaped medusae, are active swimmers, and produce one of the deadliest toxins made by animals?&#10;A)Hydrozoa&#10;B)Trematoda&#10;C)Cubozoa&#10;D)Anthozoa

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which lineage of Cnidarians exist primarily as...

Question 28

Which class is made up of members commonly called chitons?&#10;A)Cephalopoda&#10;B)Scaphopoda&#10;C)Polyplacophora&#10;D)Gastropoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class is made up of members...

Question 29

Which phylum contains members that do NOT exhibit true segmentation?&#10;A)Chordata&#10;B)Nemertea&#10;C)Arthropoda&#10;D)Annelida

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum contains members that do NOT...

Question 30

Which of the following describes a lophophore, which is a feature possessed by all members of the phyla Ectoprocta, Brachipoda, and Phoronida?&#10;A)a rounded fold with one or two rows of hollow, ciliated tentacles&#10;B)an outpocket of the digestive tract, where metabolic wastes are processed before emptying into the digestive tract for expulsion&#10;C)a cluster of pores along the aboral surface, used for expelling wastes from the digestive tract&#10;D)an extra body cavity surrounding the digestive tract, filled with muscles used for locomotion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes a lophophore,...

Question 31

Consider the ringlike patterns on an earthworm and &#34;six-pack abs&#34; in humans. In an animal's body plan, what are they both evidence of?&#10;A)radial symmetry&#10;B)cleavage&#10;C)segmentation&#10;D)mesenteries

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the ringlike patterns on an earthworm...

Question 32

Which phylum is associated with all of these terms: asymmetry, choanocytes, filter feeding, osculum, and spicules?&#10;A)Porifera&#10;B)Nematoda&#10;C)Ctenophora&#10;D)Nemertea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum is associated with all of...

Question 33

Based on modern molecular phylogeny, which of the following is a derived characteristic within Lophotrochozoa?&#10;A)multicellularity&#10;B)tissues&#10;C)U-shaped fold&#10;D)schizocoelom

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on modern molecular phylogeny, which of...

Question 34

What helps maintain a constant flow of water through sponges?&#10;A)the beating flagellae of porocytes&#10;B)the beating flagellae of amoeboid cells&#10;C)the beating flagellae of choanocytes&#10;D)the beating flagellae of pinacoderm

Accepted Answer

The answer of What helps maintain a constant flow of...

Question 35

Which lineage of Cnidarians exist only as polyps as adults, build calcium carbonate exoskeletons, and have a mutualistic relationship with photosynthetic protists?&#10;A)Scyphozoa&#10;B)Anthozoa&#10;C)Cubozoa&#10;D)Hydrozoa

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which lineage of Cnidarians exist only as...

Question 36

Which of the following lineages of Cnidarians have both polyp and medusa stages in their life cycles-with the polyp stage typically forming a colony-and includes species of Obelia?&#10;A)Anthozoa&#10;B)Trematoda&#10;C)Hydrozoa&#10;D)Cubozoa

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following lineages of Cnidarians...

Question 37

Which members of a Lophotrochozoan phylum are acoelomate and dorsoventrally flattened, and lack circulatory or respiratory systems?&#10;A)Mollusca&#10;B)Annelida&#10;C)Rotifera&#10;D)Platyhelminthes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which members of a Lophotrochozoan phylum are...

Question 38

Which phylum includes members with radial symmetry that use their two tentacles to capture prey?&#10;A)Cnidaria&#10;B)Ctenophora&#10;C)Rotifera&#10;D)Nematoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum includes members with radial symmetry...

Question 39

Which lineage of Cnidarians includes adults that are predominately medusae and the true jellyfishes?&#10;A)Anthozoa&#10;B)Hydrozoa&#10;C)Scyphozoa&#10;D)Cubozoa

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which lineage of Cnidarians includes adults that...

Question 40

Which of the following secrete spicules?&#10;A)sperm&#10;B)porocytes&#10;C)choanocytes&#10;D)amoeboid cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following secrete spicules?&#10;A)sperm&#10;B)porocytes&#10;C)choanocytes&#10;D)amoeboid cells...

Question 41

Which class includes octopuses, squids, and nautiluses?&#10;A)Polyplacophora&#10;B)Cephalopoda&#10;C)Bivalvia&#10;D)Gastropoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class includes octopuses, squids, and nautiluses?&#10;A)Polyplacophora&#10;B)Cephalopoda&#10;C)Bivalvia&#10;D)Gastropoda...

Question 42

Bristle worms are found primarily in marine environments and characteristically have parapodia. Which class do they belong to?&#10;A)Cestoda&#10;B)Oligochaeta&#10;C)Hirudinea&#10;D)Polychaeta

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bristle worms are found primarily in marine...

Question 43

Which class includes members that have a pair of shells which are hinged together?&#10;A)Bivalvia&#10;B)Scaphopoda&#10;C)Cephalopoda&#10;D)Polyplacophora

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class includes members that have a...

Question 44

What term refers to specialized cells that serve as a simple excretory system in flatworms?&#10;A)choanocytes&#10;B)cnidocytes&#10;C)tentacles&#10;D)flame cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term refers to specialized cells that...

Question 45

Which flatworms are parasites of vertebrates and have a head modified into a scolex with hooks and suckers for attaching to places such as the intestinal wall of hosts?&#10;A)Trematoda&#10;B)Cestoda&#10;C)Turbellaria&#10;D)Polychaeta

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which flatworms are parasites of vertebrates and...

Question 46

Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes earthworms, bristle worms, and leeches?&#10;A)Platyhelminthes&#10;B)Nemertea&#10;C)Rotifera&#10;D)Annelida

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes earthworms, bristle worms,...

Question 47

Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members that have a wheel-like, ciliated, food-gathering organ around their heads called a corona?&#10;A)Mollusca&#10;B)Rotifera&#10;C)Nemertea&#10;D)Platyhelminthes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members that have...

Question 48

Which class is composed mostly of terrestrial earthworms?&#10;A)Monogenoidea&#10;B)Cestoda&#10;C)Oligochaeta&#10;D)Polychaeta

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class is composed mostly of terrestrial...

Question 49

In bristle worms, what is the name of paired, fleshy extensions of the body wall that are used for locomotion and gas exchange?&#10;A)setae&#10;B)parapodia&#10;C)septa&#10;D)metanephridia

Accepted Answer

The answer of In bristle worms, what is the name...

Question 50

Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members called ribbon worms or proboscis worms, which are found mostly in marine environments?&#10;A)Rotifera&#10;B)Nemertea&#10;C)Platyhelminthes&#10;D)Mollusca

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members called ribbon...

Question 51

Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members that have highly segmented bodies with many repeating units that are usually separated by transverse partitions called septa?&#10;A)Annelida&#10;B)Mollusca&#10;C)Platyhelminthes&#10;D)Rotifera

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Lophotrochozoan phylum includes members that have...

Question 52

What is the name of a lineage of flatworms that are endoparasites of vertebrates?&#10;A)Cestoda&#10;B)Turbellaria&#10;C)Trematoda&#10;D)Hirudinea

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of a lineage...

Question 53

Which phylum includes the lineages Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda?&#10;A)Platyhelminthes&#10;B)Rotifera&#10;C)Annelida&#10;D)Mollusca

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum includes the lineages Polyplacophora, Gastropoda,...

Question 54

Which flatworms are free living and are found mostly in marine environments?&#10;A)Turbellaria&#10;B)Trematoda&#10;C)Polychaeta&#10;D)Cestoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which flatworms are free living and are...

Question 55

What is the name of the chitin-reinforced bristles that protrude outward from the body wall and are used by most segmented worms to anchor themselves against a substrate?&#10;A)clitella&#10;B)septa&#10;C)parapodia&#10;D)setae

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of the chitin-reinforced...

Question 56

Which Lophotrochozoan phylum contains the most species, with about 100 000 described living species?&#10;A)Nemertea&#10;B)Mollusca&#10;C)Annelida&#10;D)Rotifera

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Lophotrochozoan phylum contains the most species,...

Question 57

Which phylum includes members that have a body divided into three regions called the visceral mass, head-foot, and mantle?&#10;A)Rotifera&#10;B)Mollusca&#10;C)Nemertea&#10;D)Platyhelminthes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which phylum includes members that have a...

Question 58

What is the name of the paired excretory organs found in most body segments of segmented worms?&#10;A)parapodia&#10;B)metanephridia&#10;C)setae&#10;D)clitella

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the name of the paired...

Question 59

Which class includes slugs and snails?&#10;A)Cephalopoda&#10;B)Gastropoda&#10;C)Scaphopoda&#10;D)Bivalvia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class includes slugs and snails?&#10;A)Cephalopoda&#10;B)Gastropoda&#10;C)Scaphopoda&#10;D)Bivalvia...

Question 60

Which class contains members that, due to their high activity and resulting need for lots of oxygen, have a closed circulatory system?&#10;A)Bivalvia&#10;B)Scaphopoda&#10;C)Cephalopoda&#10;D)Gastropoda

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which class contains members that, due to...

Question 61

What is a Malpighian tubule?&#10;A)a filamentous projection of the mantle&#10;B)an abdominal appendage in some arthropods that secretes silk&#10;C)a muscular sac used for extending tube feet in echinoderms&#10;D)a specialized tube in some arthropods that is used for waste processing

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a Malpighian tubule?&#10;A)a filamentous projection...

Question 62

Match each phylum with its corresponding organism. Each phylum is used only once.a.Annelida&#10;b.Arthropoda&#10;c.Cnidaria&#10;d.Ctenophora&#10;e.Mollusca&#10;f.Nematoda&#10;g.Nemertea&#10;h.Onychophora&#10;i.Platyhelminthes&#10;j.Porifera&#10;sponges

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each phylum with its corresponding organism....

Question 63

Which Ecdysozoan phylum includes insects, spiders, crustaceans, millipedes, and centipedes?&#10;A)Onychophora&#10;B)Nematoda&#10;C)Arthropoda&#10;D)Nemertea

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Ecdysozoan phylum includes insects, spiders, crustaceans,...

Question 64

Which of the following describes the postembryonic development that members of the order Thysanura (silverfish) have instead of metamorphosis?&#10;A)a single, wingless nymph instar followed by several winged adult instars&#10;B)a series of young instars that become more and more like an adult, ending with a wingless adult instar&#10;C)a series of nymph instars that lack functional wings, ending with an adult instar with functional wings&#10;D)several instars of often wormlike larvae, followed by a stage where they are a sessile pupa, and then ending in an adult stage that is very different from the larval stages

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes the postembryonic...

Deck 27: Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes