Question 1

Which statement is NOT true of nontasters?&#10;A)They represent about 25 percent of the adult population.&#10;B)They have similar taste perceptions as young children.&#10;C)They tend to like fatty foods more than supertasters.&#10;D)They are less avoidant of green vegetables than supertasters.

Accepted Answer

Nontasters do not have similar taste perceptions as young children. In fact, they have a reduced ability to taste bitterness and may have a preference for sweeter foods. Young children, on the other hand, have more taste receptors and are generally sensitive to a wider range of flavors.

Question 2

The three primary colors of light are:&#10;A)white, red, and green.&#10;B)red, green, and blue.&#10;C)red, blue, and yellow.&#10;D)white, red, and blue.

Accepted Answer

The three primary colors of light are red, green, and blue, and when combined in equal amounts they create white light. This is known as additive color, which is used in devices such as computer monitors and televisions to create a wide range of colors. Choice A is incorrect because white is not a primary color of light. Choice C is incorrect because yellow is not a primary color of light, but rather a secondary color created by combining red and green light. Choice D is incorrect because white is not a primary color of light, and red and blue alone cannot create all the colors of the visible spectrum when combined.

Question 3

According to gate-control theory, rubbing the lower back would MOST likely reduce lower back pain by:&#10;A)triggering a release of pain-killing endorphins in your brain.&#10;B)stopping the actions of pain transmission neurons at the spinal cord.&#10;C)causing the autonomic nervous system to release of adrenaline into your bloodstream.&#10;D)deactivating the region devoted to the lower back in the somatosensory cortex.

Accepted Answer

According to gate-control theory, rubbing the lower back would reduce lower back pain by activating non-painful touch fibers that then close the "pain gates" in the spinal cord, preventing the transmission of pain signals to the brain. This would stop the actions of pain transmission neurons at the spinal cord.

Question 4

Damage to which region of the brain may impair auditory perception?&#10;A)area A1&#10;B)area VI&#10;C)area AT&#10;D)area MT

Accepted Answer

Area A1, also known as the primary auditory cortex, is responsible for processing auditory information. Damage to this region may impair auditory perception as it is the first area that receives auditory signals and is essential for sound localization, pitch discrimination, and sound recognition. Damage to other areas, such as VI, AT, or MT, may affect other sensory modalities such as visual processing or motor coordination, but not necessarily auditory perception.

Question 5

The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the:&#10;A)iris.&#10;B)retina.&#10;C)cornea.&#10;D)fovea.

Accepted Answer

The iris is responsible for controlling the size of the pupil, which in turn regulates the amount of light that enters the eye.

Question 6

Sherlock, the dog, takes his job of protecting his owners' home very seriously. He sits at the window all day and barks whenever he perceives a threat. The problem is, often he barks at innocuous things like the rustling of the wind or a car door shutting a block away. In terms of detecting threats, Sherlock makes many _____ due to a _____ decision criterion.

A)misses; liberal
B)misses; conservative
C)false alarms; liberal
D)false alarms; conservative

Accepted Answer

Sherlock is making false alarms because he is barking at harmless things, indicating that he has a liberal decision criterion, meaning he is more likely to respond to any perceived threat regardless of its validity. Therefore, the best choice is option C, which states "false alarms; liberal."

Question 7

The dorsal stream of visual processing is to the ventral stream of visual processing as:&#10;A)below is to above.&#10;B)why is to where.&#10;C)left is to right.&#10;D)how is to what.

Accepted Answer

The dorsal stream of visual processing is responsible for "how" visual information is processed, such as movement and spatial relationships, while the ventral stream is responsible for "what" visual information is processed, such as recognition and identification of objects. "How" is to "what" in the same way that the dorsal stream is to the ventral stream.

Question 8

During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that Mr. Antall could hardly detect them. These sounds were below Mr. Antall's _____ threshold.&#10;A)subliminal&#10;B)absolute&#10;C)adaptation&#10;D)difference

Accepted Answer

The question is referring to the minimum amount of sound intensity needed for Mr. Antall to detect the sound, which is known as the absolute threshold. Subliminal refers to stimuli that are below the level of conscious awareness, adaptation refers to a decrease in sensitivity to a constant stimulus, and difference threshold refers to the minimum difference in intensity needed between two stimuli in order for them to be perceived as different.

Question 9

Sound wave vibrations are transmitted by three tiny bones called the _____ located in the _____.&#10;A)vestibular sacs; inner ear&#10;B)ossicles; middle ear&#10;C)anvils; cochlea&#10;D)vestibular sacs; middle ear

Accepted Answer

The three tiny bones that transmit sound wave vibrations are called ossicles, and they are located in the middle ear. The vestibular sacs are involved in balance, and the cochlea is responsible for converting sound waves into neural signals. The correct choice is therefore option B) ossicles, middle ear.

Question 10

The amplitude of a light wave corresponds to its:&#10;A)color.&#10;B)hue.&#10;C)purity.&#10;D)brightness.

Accepted Answer

The amplitude of a light wave refers to the height of the wave, which determines its brightness. Therefore, the correct choice is D, brightness. Color, hue, and purity are determined by other factors, such as wavelength and spectral distribution.

Question 11

Rods are _____ light sensitive and _____ color sensitive than cones.&#10;A)more; more&#10;B)less; less&#10;C)more; less&#10;D)less; more

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rods are _____ light sensitive and _____...

Question 12

Accommodation refers to the:&#10;A)diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus.&#10;B)constant eye movements that allow the retina to continuously detect stimuli.&#10;C)process by which the lens changes shape in order to focus images on the retina.&#10;D)process by which stimuli are changed into neural messages.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Accommodation refers to the:&#10;A)diminishing sensitivity to an...

Question 13

Dorothy, off to see the Wizard of Oz, perceives that the Yellow Brick Road converges to a point way off on in the distance, due to the depth cue of:&#10;A)interposition.&#10;B)binocular disparity.&#10;C)linear perspective.&#10;D)common fate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dorothy, off to see the Wizard of...

Question 14

Loudness is to amplitude as pitch is to:&#10;A)brightness.&#10;B)rhythm.&#10;C)hue.&#10;D)frequency.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Loudness is to amplitude as pitch is...

Question 15

Sensation is to _____ as perception is to _____.&#10;A)encoding; detection&#10;B)detection; interpretation&#10;C)interpretation; organization&#10;D)organization; accommodation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sensation is to _____ as perception is...

Question 16

According to _____-based theories of object recognition, your brain deconstructs retinal images into _____ to make identifications.&#10;A)image; templates&#10;B)image; geons&#10;C)parts; templates&#10;D)parts; geons

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to _____-based theories of object recognition,...

Question 17

Area _____ is a specialized region in the primary visual cortex.&#10;A)A1&#10;B)V1&#10;C)MT&#10;D)VT

Accepted Answer

The answer of Area _____ is a specialized region in...

Question 18

Following the flow of visual information from the retina to the brain, encoded information travels along the optic nerve to the _____ and then to the _____ in the occipital lobe.&#10;A)lateral geniculate nucleus; primary visual cortex&#10;B)lateral geniculate nucleus; optic chiasm&#10;C)retina; lateral geniculate nucleus&#10;D)hippocampus; primary visual cortex

Accepted Answer

The answer of Following the flow of visual information from...

Deck 4: Section 5: Sensation and Perception