Question 1

In order to understand what factors cause mental disorders, most psychologists use a:&#10;A)stress test.&#10;B)vision screening.&#10;C)debriefing session.&#10;D)biopsychosocial assessment.

Accepted Answer

A biopsychosocial assessment takes into account biological, psychological, and social factors that may contribute to the development or manifestation of mental disorders. This approach recognizes that mental health is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and individual factors. A stress test, vision screening, or debriefing session may be useful in specific situations but are not comprehensive assessments of mental health.

Question 2

Which symptom of schizophrenia is described as a false belief system that is upheld even though it is not rational?&#10;A)hallucination&#10;B)delusion&#10;C)disorganized behavior&#10;D)fantasy

Accepted Answer

Delusion is a symptom of schizophrenia where an individual maintains a false belief or perception of reality, despite evidence to the contrary.

Question 3

Women are more likely than men to develop all of these psychological disorders EXCEPT:&#10;A)panic disorder.&#10;B)depression.&#10;C)generalized anxiety disorder.&#10;D)bipolar disorder.

Accepted Answer

Studies suggest that there is no significant gender difference in the prevalence rates of bipolar disorder. Women are, however, more likely to develop panic disorder, depression, and generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 4

Benzodiazepines prescribed to treat generalized anxiety disorder enhance the actions of the neurotransmitter:&#10;A)glutamate.&#10;B)norepinephrine.&#10;C)GABA.&#10;D)acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines enhance the actions of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This leads to an increase in the calming effect of GABA, which can reduce anxiety. Glutamate and acetylcholine are excitatory neurotransmitters, while norepinephrine is involved in the body's stress response and can actually increase anxiety.

Question 5

In the diathesis-stress model of psychological disorders, the diathesis usually refers to a(n): .&#10;A)underlying biological predisposition.&#10;B)external cause of the disorder.&#10;C)external trigger that impacts gene expression.&#10;D)gene that completely determines whether someone will have a disorder.

Accepted Answer

The diathesis in the diathesis-stress model of psychological disorders typically refers to an underlying biological or psychological predisposition that makes an individual more vulnerable to developing a disorder when exposed to stressors or environmental triggers. This diathesis may be genetic, neurological, or developmental in nature. However, a diathesis alone is usually not sufficient to cause a disorder; it usually interacts with stressors, trauma, or other environmental factors to trigger or exacerbate symptoms.

Question 6

The _____ is the classification system of psychological disorders used for diagnosis.&#10;A)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychological Disorders&#10;B)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders&#10;C)Diagnostic and Treatment Manual of Psychiatric Disorders&#10;D)Diagnostic and Treatment Manual of Mental Disorders

Accepted Answer

The classification system of psychological disorders used for diagnosis is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), not the other options listed. The DSM is currently in its fifth edition (DSM-5).

Question 7

All of these represent specific phobias EXCEPT:&#10;A)fear of needles.&#10;B)fear of cats.&#10;C)fear of embarrassment.&#10;D)fear of darkness.

Accepted Answer

Fear of embarrassment is not a specific phobia recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). It may be a component of social anxiety disorder or specific social phobia, but it is not a stand-alone phobia.

Question 8

Brandon has been experiencing the &#34;blues&#34; for over 2 years. He still goes to work, engages in social relationships, and is physically healthy, but he frequently is troubled with issues pertaining to his competency and self-worth. Each day is a struggle to overcome his tendency to feel &#34;stuck in a rut.&#34; Brandon could probably be diagnosed with:&#10;A)a dissociative fugue.&#10;B)dysthymia.&#10;C)generalized anxiety disorder.&#10;D)unipolar depressive disorder.

Accepted Answer

Brandon has been experiencing symptoms of low mood, feelings of worthlessness, and a lack of motivation for a prolonged period of time, which suggests dysthymia, also known as persistent depressive disorder. Although he is still able to function in his daily life, his persistent negative thoughts and feelings indicate a mood disorder rather than an anxiety disorder. Dissociative fugue and unipolar depressive disorder are not the most appropriate diagnoses for the symptoms described.

Question 9

Behaviors exhibited by a child such as purposely setting fires and repeatedly torturing animals predict:&#10;A)antisocial tendencies.&#10;B)dissociative identity disorder.&#10;C)borderline personality disorder.&#10;D)schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

Purposely setting fires and repeatedly torturing animals are both examples of cruel and potentially violent behavior, which are indicators of antisocial tendencies. These behaviors are also sometimes associated with conduct disorder, a condition that involves persistent patterns of behavior that violate the rights of others and societal norms. While dissociative identity disorder, borderline personality disorder, and schizophrenia may involve maladaptive behavior, they are not typically associated with these specific behaviors.

Question 10

The DSM-5 categorizes personality disorders into three main groups, which are:&#10;A)anxious/inhibited, cognitive/smart, and dramatic/erratic.&#10;B)odd/eccentric, anxious/inhibited, and dramatic/erratic.&#10;C)dramatic/erratic, irrational/illogical, and odd/eccentric.&#10;D)odd/eccentric, anxious/inhibited, and irrational/illogical.

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 categorizes personality disorders into three main groups: odd/eccentric, anxious/inhibited, and dramatic/erratic. Option B correctly identifies these three groups in their proper order. Option A is incorrect because it lists "cognitive/smart," which is not a recognized category of personality disorders. Option C is incorrect because it lists "irrational/illogical," which are not recognized categories of personality disorders, and it also does not list the "anxious/inhibited" group. Option D is incorrect because it lists "irrational/illogical" instead of "dramatic/erratic."

Question 11

Petra has constant thoughts about her house being flooded, and so she checks to make sure her sink faucets are turned off at least 20 times per hour. Constantly thinking about her house flooding represents a(n):

A)phobia.
B)obsession.
C)delusion.
D)compulsion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Petra has constant thoughts about her house...

Question 12

The group most likely to commit suicide is:&#10;A)Black females.&#10;B)Black males.&#10;C)White females.&#10;D)White males.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The group most likely to commit suicide...

Question 13

In addition to evidence that _____ factors may influence schizophrenia, researchers have found evidence that exposure to toxins _____ may also increase the risk of schizophrenia.&#10;A)genetic; prenatally&#10;B)parenting style; in early adolescence&#10;C)genetic; during late adolescence&#10;D)early environmental; during late adolescence

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to evidence that _____ factors...

Question 14

Jennifer lives her life as if she is &#34;onstage.&#34; She dresses flamboyantly, flirts excessively, and is overly dramatic in her displays of emotion. Today, she sobbed at her desk for hours because she had a headache. Jennifer probably could be diagnosed with which personality disorder?&#10;A)borderline&#10;B)narcissistic&#10;C)histrionic&#10;D)schizotypal

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jennifer lives her life as if she...

Question 15

People with panic disorder often also have:&#10;A)claustrophobia.&#10;B)agoraphobia.&#10;C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.&#10;D)generalized anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with panic disorder often also have:&#10;A)claustrophobia.&#10;B)agoraphobia.&#10;C)obsessive-compulsive...

Deck 15: Section 6: Psychological Disorders