Question 1

In what phase of the general adaptation syndrome reaction to stress does the body adapt to its high state of arousal in an attempt to cope with the stressor?&#10;A)alarm&#10;B)resistance&#10;C)exhaustion&#10;D)fight-or-flight

Accepted Answer

The resistance phase is characterized by the body's attempt to adapt and cope with the stressor, after the initial alarm response. During this phase, the body tries to restore balance and function normally despite the continued presence of the stressor. This phase involves activities such as releasing stress hormones, conserving energy, and repairing any damage caused by the stressor.

Question 2

Which statement about the placebo effect is FALSE?&#10;A)Patients given a placebo often misreport their pain experience.&#10;B)The placebo effect is somewhat dependent upon the conscious expectation that the placebo will work.&#10;C)Placebos deactivate brain regions associated with pain sensation.&#10;D)Placebos decrease pain, in part, by triggering the release of endorphins.

Accepted Answer

The placebo effect does not necessarily cause patients to misreport their pain experience; rather, it can genuinely alter their perception of pain through psychological and physiological mechanisms.

Question 3

Which of these is part of the HPA axis?&#10;A)pons&#10;B)amygdala&#10;C)adrenal glands&#10;D)pineal gland

Accepted Answer

The HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) involves the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which signals the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then signals the adrenal glands to release cortisol, an important stress hormone. Therefore, the adrenal glands are part of the HPA axis. The pons and pineal gland are not directly part of the HPA axis, while the amygdala is involved in emotional processing but is not part of the HPA axis.

Question 4

A person who got married, had a baby, and started a new job all within a year may have a _____ score on a stress scale than someone whose mother had a serious illness in the last year.&#10;A)higher&#10;B)similar&#10;C)lower&#10;D)completely opposite

Accepted Answer

Getting married, having a baby, and starting a new job are all major life events that can cause significant stress, according to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The total score is calculated based on the number and severity of life events experienced in a given period of time. While having a mother with a serious illness is also a stressful event, it may not necessarily be as high on the scale as the other three events mentioned. Therefore, the person who experienced all three events in one year is likely to have a higher stress score.

Question 5

Burnout refers to:&#10;A)the end phase of the general adaptation syndrome.&#10;B)physical, mental, and emotional decline associated with a long-term demanding activity.&#10;C)the psychological term for immune system malfunctions.&#10;D)the withdrawal syndrome associated with opiate drugs.

Accepted Answer

Burnout refers to physical, mental, and emotional decline associated with a long-term demanding activity, such as work or caregiving. It is not related to the general adaptation syndrome, immune system malfunctions, or opiate drug withdrawal syndrome.

Question 6

Which mental health professional would be most interested in how noise pollution affects the stress levels of children in elementary school?&#10;A)a counseling psychologist&#10;B)a clinical psychologist&#10;C)an environmental psychologist&#10;D)a Gestalt psychologist

Accepted Answer

An environmental psychologist would be most interested in studying how noise pollution affects the stress levels of children in elementary school, as this falls under their expertise in understanding the impact of the physical environment on psychological well-being. Counseling and clinical psychologists may address stress levels and their underlying causes, but they may not be specifically focused on environmental factors like noise pollution. Gestalt psychology is a theoretical framework related to perception and cognition and is unlikely to be relevant to this topic.

Question 7

A specific trait related to hardiness involves all of these EXCEPT:&#10;A)commitment.&#10;B)conscientiousness.&#10;C)challenge.&#10;D)control.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is not a specific trait related to hardiness. Commitment, challenge, and control are the main components of hardiness, as described by Suzanne Kobasa's theory of hardiness.

Question 8

Type A personalities are at _____ risk of heart disease because _____.&#10;A)increased; of their competitive and time-conscious nature.&#10;B)increased; they react to stress and adversity with anger and hostility.&#10;C)decreased; of their competitive and time-conscious nature.&#10;D)decreased; they tend to have lower levels of body fat.

Accepted Answer

Type A personalities are at increased risk of heart disease because they often react to stress and adversity with anger and hostility, which are linked to cardiovascular issues.

Question 9

Brain activation in response to threats occurs in the:&#10;A)pons.&#10;B)amygdala.&#10;C)hypothalamus.&#10;D)corpus callosum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brain activation in response to threats occurs...

Question 10

Angela sits down in history class and the teacher comes out with a pop quiz. Angela is stressed and likely consider the quiz a _____ because she has not yet read the chapter she is being quizzed on.&#10;A)challenge&#10;B)threat&#10;C)Type A situation&#10;D)chronic stressor

Accepted Answer

A pop quiz can be considered a threat if the student is not adequately prepared for it, creating a stress response. The other options do not accurately describe the situation.

Question 11

Which group relies to the greatest degree on social support as a way of reducing stress?&#10;A)unmarried men&#10;B)women&#10;C)first-year college students&#10;D)elderly men

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which group relies to the greatest degree...

Question 12

Which of these people who have been exposed to the common cold virus is MOST likely to catch a cold?&#10;A)Vicky, who has been dealing with a messy divorce for three months&#10;B)Jim, who just failed a calculus test&#10;C)Marjorie, who just stayed awake all night studying for an exam&#10;D)Calvin, who is the president of his fraternity

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these people who have been...

Question 13

What is a beneficial stress management technique for trying to eat wisely?&#10;A)dieting and trying to avoid all of your favorite junk foods&#10;B)restricting calories but not increasing exercise&#10;C)focusing on increasing activity&#10;D)self-regulating by focusing on what not to eat

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a beneficial stress management technique...

Question 14

Rima always hated giving class presentations because she felt like the students in class were judging her. For her next presentation, she decided to focus on her ability to teach the class something, and she ended up enjoying her assignment. This example BEST illustrates what type of stress management?

A)repressive coping
B)rational coping
C)conversion
D)reframing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rima always hated giving class presentations because...

Question 15

Relaxation therapy involves _____ relaxing the muscles in your body; this reduces heart rate and _____ blood cortisol levels.&#10;A)unconsciously; increases&#10;B)unconsciously; decreases&#10;C)consciously; increases&#10;D)consciously; decreases

Accepted Answer

The answer of Relaxation therapy involves _____ relaxing the muscles...

Deck 14: Section 5: Stress and Health