Deck 10: Section 4 : Intelligence

Question 1

The correlation between IQ score and academic performance is approximately r = .5 across a wide range of people and situations.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Charles Spearman's two factors of intelligence were fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Henry Goddard used intelligence tests to determine which immigrant children to the United States were in need of remedial education.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Stanford-Binet intelligence test was modified most notably by Lewis Terman and his colleagues at Stanford University.

Question 5

The first intelligence tests were designed to measure achievement, not aptitude.

Question 6

On average, the more intelligent of two siblings will earn approximately double the income of the lesser intelligent sibling.

Question 7

A deviation IQ uses the concept of mental age.

Question 8

Highly intelligent people live longer than those less intelligent.

Question 9

Charles Spearman believed that general ability (g) existed.

Question 10

The WAIS is a commonly used intelligence test today.

Question 11

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon developed the first intelligence test in order to identify children who needed remedial education.

Question 12

Modern researchers typically use the ratio IQ for children and the deviation IQ for adults.

Question 13

Alfred Binet introduced the ratio IQ.

Question 14

Job performance correlates more highly with educational level attained than with intelligence.

Question 15

Processing Accuracy is NOT one of the tests on the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (WAIS-IV).

Question 16

The main reason why intelligent people earn much more money than those with less intelligence is that they get more education.

Question 17

The first intelligence tests were developed in France.

Question 18

William Stern first introduced the term "mental age."

Question 19

In estimating the intelligence level of someone you meet for the first time, a good predictor is how long they hold your gaze during a conversation.

Question 20

The WAIS is a modern intelligence test commonly given to children.

Question 21

John Carroll included musical intelligence in the middle-level abilities he identified through factor analysis.

Question 22

Fluid intelligence is generally assessed by tests that pose novel, abstract problems that must be solved under time pressure.

Question 23

Robert Sternberg defined creative intelligence as the ability to generate solutions that other people do not typically think of.

Question 24

Thurstone's primary mental abilities correspond to middle-level abilities in the three-level hierarchy.

Question 25

African and Asian cultures tend to include social cooperativeness in their conceptualization of intelligence.

Question 26

Robert Sternberg defined analytic intelligence as the ability to solve complicated mathematical problems.

Question 27

Robert Sternberg believed there are three kinds of intelligence: analytic intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.

Question 28

John Carroll believed that we have three middle-level abilities.

Question 29

The three-level hierarchy model of mental ability was developed using a statistical procedure called analysis of variance.

Question 30

People with high emotional intelligence tend to exhibit greater neural activity when attempting to recognize a facial expression than people with low emotional intelligence.

Question 31

Crystallized intelligence is generally assessed by timed tests of abstract reasoning.

Question 32

Robert Sternberg defined practical intelligence as the ability to apply and implement solutions in everyday settings.

Question 33

John Carroll's research illustrates a theory-based approach to identifying middle-level abilities.

Question 34

Fluid intelligence is generally assessed by tests of vocabulary, factual information, and so on.

Question 35

Robert Sternberg believed that creative intelligence was the best single predictor of job performance.

Question 36

Louis Thurstone did not believe in a general ability called intelligence.

Question 37

People with high emotional intelligence tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives than people with low emotional intelligence.

Question 38

Crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence are terms for the same underlying construct, which is known as practical intelligence.

Question 39

Cognitive speediness is one of Louis Thurstone's primary mental abilities.

Question 40

One criticism of the theory-based approach is that it cannot identify any middle-level ability that intelligence tests do not already measure.

Question 41

The heritability coefficient of intelligence is roughly .8.

Question 42

Absolute intelligence tends to increase over the course of an individual's lifetime.

Question 43

As environments become more similar, the heritability coefficient of intelligence decreases.

Question 44

Relative intelligence stays approximately constant over the course of an individual's lifetime.

Question 45

As the number and variety of nonshared experiences in a population increases, the heritability coefficient of intelligence will decrease.

Question 46

Fraternal twins share more genetic material than biological siblings (two parents in common) who are not born at the same time.

Question 47

In a large and diverse population, about 50 percent of the variability in intelligence scores can be accounted for by genetic factors.

Question 48

The IQ correlation of biological siblings raised in different households is about the same as the IQ correlation of biological siblings raised in the same household, illustrating the role of genetics in influencing intelligence.

Question 49

The Flynn Effect refers to the fact that absolute intelligence scores are increasing across generations.

Question 50

First-born children tend to have higher IQs than their later-born siblings.

Question 51

Identical twins are also called dizygotic twins.

Question 52

Increases in the genetic similarity of a population are associated with an increased heritability coefficient of intelligence.

Question 53

The heritability of intelligence generally increases with the age of the sample measured.

Question 54

First-born children tend to have higher IQs because they receive more parental attention than their later-born siblings.

Question 55

The heritability coefficient of intelligence is lower in children from low-SES families than in children from high-SES families.

Question 56

Fraternal twins are also called monozygotic twins.

Question 57

Monozygotic twins share 100 percent of their genes.

Question 58

The heritability coefficient of intelligence provides a rough estimate of how much of an individual's intelligence is determined by genes and how much of it is determined by environmental factors.

Question 59

The IQ correlation between siblings decreases as the age difference between them increases.

Question 60

The IQ correlation of identical twins raised apart is higher than that of fraternal twins raised in the same household.

Question 61

One of the best predictors of intelligence is SES.

Question 62

Contrary to the prevailing myth, 96 percent of people with Down syndrome report being happy with their lives.

Question 63

Blacks typically outscore Latinos on intelligence tests.

Question 64

Education produces large and long-lasting increases in intelligence levels.

Question 65

Both high-SES and low-SES parents read roughly the same amount to their children.

Question 66

The average difference in intelligence scores between races is considerably more than the average difference in intelligence scores within races.

Question 67

Gifted children tend to have low emotional intelligence and problems adjusting in society.

Question 68

Gifted children tend to be "single gifted," having exceptional skill in only one specialized domain of intelligence.

Question 69

Steele and Aronson (1995) found that African American students perform more poorly on tests if they are asked to report their race at the top of the answer sheet.

Question 70

Women tend to outscore men on tests of verbal comprehension.

Question 71

Being raised in a low-SES home can negatively impact brain development.

Question 72

Racial differences in IQ scores exist primarily because modern intelligence tests are culturally biased.

Question 73

There is little correlation between intelligence scores and the amount of formal education people receive.

Question 74

Gifted children, when they become adults, are more likely to make major contributions to their chosen occupations than people who are only slightly above average in intelligence.

Question 75

Steele and Aronson (1995) found that European American students perform better on tests if they are asked to report their race at the top of the answer sheet.

Question 76

Genetic and environmental factors are independent influences on intelligence.

Question 77

Whites typically outscore Blacks on intelligence tests.

Question 78

Women tend to outscore men on tests that require transformations in visual or spatial memory.

Question 79

About 70 percent of people with intellectual disabilities are female.

Question 80

Men tend to outscore women in abstract and scientific domains of intelligence.