Deck 8: Section 4: Emotion and Motivation

Question 1

Schacter and Singer believed that different emotional experiences are the result of the brain differentially interpreting the same pattern of general physiological arousal.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Anger produces a much larger increase in finger temperature than any other emotion.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The fast pathway of threat detection involves the cortex.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that emotions trigger physiological reactions.

Question 5

The multidimensional map of emotions suggests that emotional responses are either good or bad.

Question 6

You will be more likely to report that a person is attractive if you meet him or her immediately after intense physical exercise.

Question 7

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that without physiological reactions, there would be no emotions at all.

Question 8

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion suggests that physiological responses are a reaction to emotions.

Question 9

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion posits that every emotion is associated with a unique pattern of physiological activity.

Question 10

Adults with cortical damage have trouble experiencing emotion.

Question 11

Cannon and Bard proposed the two-factor theory of emotion.

Question 12

A rhesus monkey with Klüver-Bucy syndrome will exhibit no fear of being handled by trainers.

Question 13

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion posits no causal relation between physiological activity and emotional experience.

Question 14

The fast pathway of threat detection involves the thalamus.

Question 15

Humans attempt to regulate their emotions by using both behavioral and cognitive strategies.

Question 16

The hypothalamus plays an important role in the experience of emotion by appraising the stimuli.

Question 17

When asked to inhibit emotion, people exhibit more cortical activity and less amygdala activity.

Question 18

In multidimensional scaling, emotions are mapped on the two dimensions of appraisal and valence.

Question 19

Research has demonstrated that all emotional experiences are the result of different interpretations of the same physiological state.

Question 20

The emotion of misery is associated with high arousal and negative valence.

Question 21

There are six major muscles in the face that give rise to 43 different facial expressions.

Question 22

Reappraisal, one of the most effective strategies for emotion regulation, involves changing the way we think about an object or event.

Question 23

Different patterns of muscle contraction in the face can result in approximately 10,000 unique facial expressions.

Question 24

Reappraisals are norms for the control of emotional expression.

Question 25

The facial expression of surprise appears to be universal.

Question 26

The cortex appears to be necessary for reappraisal to occur.

Question 27

The main function of facial mimicry is emotion regulation.

Question 28

Evidence suggests that the facial expressions of at least six emotions are universal.

Question 29

Most attempts at emotion regulation involve trying to turn a low-arousal emotion into a high-arousal emotion.

Question 30

The facial expression of confusion appears to be universal.

Question 31

Participants who were shown pictures of tennis players who had either just won a point or just lost a point were able to tell who was experiencing a positive emotion versus a negative emotion based solely on viewing the athletes' bodies.

Question 32

Congenitally blind persons, because they have never seen a human face before, have trouble making the six universal facial expressions.

Question 33

Facial expressions are symbols of emotion, whereas physiological arousal levels are signs of emotion.

Question 34

Facial expressions are the result, but never the cause, of emotion.

Question 35

The orbicularis oculi muscle pulls our lip corners up when we smile.

Question 36

It is usually not possible to change an emotional response to a stimulus.

Question 37

We are not very accurate at judging the emotional expressions of members of other cultures.

Question 38

Observers can often estimate someone's emotional state by considering, among other things, posture.

Question 39

Simply holding a pencil with your teeth may help improve your mood.

Question 40

People rate others as more hostile if they are extending their middle finger while doing so.

Question 41

William James believed that much of human motivation was governed by instincts.

Question 42

Capgras syndrome is caused by damage to the neural connections between the temporal lobe and the limbic system.

Question 43

Sincere facial expressions tend to have abrupt onsets and offsets.

Question 44

The words emotion and motivation share a common linguistic root meaning "to express."

Question 45

Homeostasis refers to the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain.

Question 46

Display rules for emotional expression are the same in all cultures.

Question 47

Sincere facial expressions are longer lasting than insincere expressions.

Question 48

Someone with a poker face is using the display rule of masking.

Question 49

Most people have a strong bias toward believing that others are sincere.

Question 50

Polygraphs can detect lies at a rate significantly better than chance because they have low error rates.

Question 51

People with Capgras syndrome suffer from amnesia and forget the names of their family members.

Question 52

People who cannot experience emotion due to brain damage usually suffer severe impairments in logical reasoning.

Question 53

People who cannot experience emotion due to brain damage are more likely to make reckless bets.

Question 54

The hedonic principle is a very old theory of motivation.

Question 55

People tend to speak more slowly when they are telling a lie.

Question 56

Behaviorists embraced explanations of behavior based on instincts because these explanations did not contain a cognitive element.

Question 57

Most people score little better than chance when trying to detect lies.

Question 58

The hedonic principle states that people will never willingly subject themselves to painful stimuli.

Question 59

Sincere facial expressions are more symmetrical than insincere expressions.

Question 60

Most of us are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain.

Question 61

John Watson was a proponent of using internal drives to explain motivated behavior.

Question 62

Ghrelin is produced in the hypothalamus.

Question 63

Hull and Spence believed that organisms behave in ways to increase internal drive levels.

Question 64

America's most pervasive eating-related problem is obesity.

Question 65

Leptin-resistance is associated with obesity.

Question 66

The need for belongingness and love sits atop Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Question 67

We often eat out of habit, even when we are not hungry.

Question 68

Ghrelin is an orexigenic signal.

Question 69

Leptin deficiency is associated with anorexia nervosa.

Question 70

Bulimia nervosa is a disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging.

Question 71

Leptin is secreted by fat cells and functions as an anorexigenic signal.

Question 72

People who have obese romantic partners are judged negatively relative to people who have non-obese romantic partners.

Question 73

Our evolutionary ancestors, but not present humans, preferred green vegetables to fatty foods.

Question 74

If your body needs energy, it sends an orexigenic signal to tell the brain to switch hunger on.

Question 75

Anorexics have extremely low levels of ghrelin in their blood.

Question 76

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is shaped like a ladder.

Question 77

When the ventromedial hypothalamus is destroyed, rats will starve to death in a cage full of food.

Question 78

Anorexia typically strikes young women in their early 20s.

Question 79

The most deferrable need, according to Maslow, is the need for self-actualization.

Question 80

The more basic a need is, the lower its place in Maslow's hierarchy.