Deck 15: Applied Psychology and Psychology Careers

Question 1

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder.The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called ______________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Answer 1

biomedical therapy

Question 2

A client lies on a couch with the therapist sitting out of sight behind her.The therapist gets to know the client's problems through free association,resistance,and transference.This is an example of ______ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)behavior
C)person-centered
D)rational emotive

Answer 2

psychoanalytic

Question 3

Omar is currently undergoing psychoanalysis.His therapist asks him to keep a journal by his bed and write down his dreams immediately upon awakening.Omar brings his journal to therapy and discusses his dreams with his therapist.Omar's therapist is attempting to do which of the following?

A)uncover repressed material
B)facilitate positive transference
C)create resistance within the client
D)facilitate unconditional positive regard

Answer 3

uncover repressed material

Question 4

Therapies directed at changing the disordered behavior are referred to as __________.

A)action therapies
B)insight therapies
C)biomedical therapies
D)relationship therapies

Question 5

Dr.Shedrika uses a form of therapy that emphasizes revealing his clients' unconscious conflicts,urges,and desires,which he believes are the cause of his clients' disordered emotions and behavior.This therapist is most likely using ________.

A)behavior therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)Gestalt therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 6

The kind of therapy that uses biological treatments such as medication,surgical methods,and electrical shock treatments to bring about changes in the person's disordered behavior is called __________________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 7

Emily is a psychologist who believes that many psychological difficulties are the result of a conflict between the id,ego,and superego.Emily most likely endorses which type of therapy?

A)cognitive-behavior
B)cognitive
C)psychoanalysis
D)person-centered

Question 8

The first truly organized effort to house mentally ill persons began in England in the 16^th century and took place at _________________.

A)the Bicetre Asylum
B)Bethlehem Hospital
C)the Pinel Asylum
D)London General Hospital

Question 9

Lulu sees a therapist once a week.During her therapy sessions,she discusses issues and events that have impacted her life.Her therapist helps her to understand how these events and issues have affected her.The type of therapy Lulu is seeking is called ______________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 10

The kind of therapy that involves talking things out with a professional is called __________________.

A)psychotherapy
B)biomedical therapy
C)physical therapy
D)electroconvulsive shock therapy

Question 11

The major goal of insight therapies is to give people ____________.

A)feedback from their biologically controlled responses
B)help in understanding perceptual processes
C)basic training in observational learning and practice
D)a clearer understanding of their feelings,motivations,and actions

Question 12

_______________ formed a large part of Freud's psychoanalytic method.

A)Reflection
B)Empathy
C)Dream interpretation
D)Unconditional positive regard

Question 13

________ is a type of insight-oriented therapy.

A)Cognitive-behavioral treatment
B)Psychopharmacology
C)Transference
D)Psychoanalysis

Question 14

Willamina is interested in helping her client get a clearer understanding of his motives and actions.She is most likely to be a(n)____________.

A)action therapist
B)insight therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)relationship therapist

Question 15

Therapies aimed mainly at understanding one's motives and actions are referred to as _________________.

A)action therapies
B)insight therapies
C)biomedical therapies
D)relationship therapies

Question 16

A therapist is interested in helping her client get a clearer understanding of his motives and actions.This therapist is most likely to be a(n)____________.

A)action therapist
B)insight therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)relationship therapist

Question 17

William is interested in helping his client change his maladaptive behavior.He is most likely to be a(n)____________.

A)action therapist
B)insight therapist
C)biomedical therapist
D)relationship therapist

Question 18

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by ______.

A)Alfred Adler
B)Carl Rogers
C)Fritz Perls
D)Sigmund Freud

Question 19

You are a contestant on Jeopardy! and it is your turn.You say,"I'll take 'History of Therapies' for $100." The answer is,"He began the movement for humane treatment of the mentally ill." The smile on your face reveals the confidence you have as you say ______________.

A)"Who was Sigmund Freud?"
B)"Who was Carl Rogers?"
C)"Who was Philippe Pinel?"
D)"Who was Abraham Maslow?"

Question 20

Which of the following is a key component of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)cognition
B)empathy
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 21

According to Freud,the ___________ of the dream refers to the hidden,symbolic meaning of the dream,which,if correctly interpreted,reveals the unconscious conflicts that created the nervous disorder.

A)manifest content
B)free association
C)latent content
D)resistance

Question 22

Which of the following individuals would be least likely to benefit from psychoanalysis?

A)Mary,who has a somatoform disorder
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who has panic attacks
D)Lou,who suffers from anxiety

Question 23

According to Sigmund Freud,when you awaken in the morning and remember a dream,you recall the dream's ___________.

A)latent content
B)deep meaning
C)surface meaning
D)manifest content

Question 24

Edward starts to worry about telling his therapist about his drinking.He is afraid that the therapist will get mad at him like his mother used to.Edward has started relating to his therapist as he related to his mother.Edward is experiencing ________.

A)transference
B)countertransference
C)catharsis
D)resistance

Question 25

The psychoanalytic patient who lets her thoughts flow without interruption or fear of negative criticism from her therapist is using ______.

A)dream interpretation
B)positive transference
C)regression
D)free association

Question 26

Psychodynamic and person-centered therapies are very different therapeutic approaches.Which of the following is a major difference between the two therapies?

A)Psychodynamic focuses on impulses,while person-centered focuses on potential for growth.
B)Psychodynamic is based on Rogers's work,while person-centered is based on Freud's work.
C)Psychodynamic uses empathy,while person-centered uses interpretation.
D)Psychodynamic is short-term therapy,while person-centered is long-term therapy.

Question 27

According to Sigmund Freud,the ___________ of the dream refers to the client's memory of the things,people,and events in the dream.

A)manifest content
B)free association
C)latent content
D)resistance

Question 28

________ is credited with developing person-centered therapy.

A)Sigmund Freud
B)Carl Rogers Correct,Rogers designed person-centered therapy,which is sometimes called client-centered therapy.
C)Albert Ellis
D)Aaron Beck

Question 29

During free association,a patient may become unwilling to talk about certain topics.What term would a psychoanalyst use to describe this change in the patient's willingness to verbalize?

A)insight
B)reactance
C)resistance
D)transference

Question 30

In interpreting a dream,a psychoanalyst would attempt to discover the dream's __________.

A)latent content
B)manifest content
C)symbolic content
D)psychological content

Question 31

Free association is a technique used in ______ therapy.

A)psychoanalytic
B)rational emotive
C)person-centered
D)Gestalt

Question 32

Person-centered therapy is a type of ______ therapy.

A)insight
B)behavior
C)cognitive
D)reality

Question 33

Steve is 21 years old and has never gone on a date.His parents are concerned and take him to see a therapist.The therapist tells Steve to lie down on the couch and relax.The therapist sits behind Steve and asks him to say whatever comes into his head.Steve eventually talks about his fear of women,which leads him to think about his early experiences with women: his mother,her friends,his teachers,and so on.Steve is using ______.

A)counterconditioning
B)pole-shifting
C)free association
D)the empty chair technique

Question 34

Although this type of psychotherapy has its origins in the psychodynamic school of thought,it is not considered a true psychodynamic therapy,because it combines humanistic and cognitive-behavioral interventions.

A)Wolpian therapy
B)Gestalt therapy
C)interpersonal therapy
D)rational emotive therapy

Question 35

After many sessions of psychodynamic therapy,Dan at some point experiences reluctance to cooperate with his therapist and tends to forget to do what his therapist had suggested to him.Dan is experiencing ________.

A)resistance
B)a Freudian slip
C)a Freudian trip
D)interpretation

Question 36

Joe has been undergoing psychoanalysis for several months.Over the past few weeks,he has become unwilling to talk about his relationship with his father and becomes uncomfortable when thoughts of him enter his mind during therapy.What process would the therapist say is occurring?

A)insight
B)reactance
C)resistance
D)transference

Question 37

Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional Freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the ______ as a motivating force of behavior,and they favor ______ their patients.

A)id;face-to-face discussions with
B)ego;face-to-face discussions with
C)id;sitting behind and passively listening to
D)ego;sitting behind and passively listening to

Question 38

Levi's therapist is using interpersonal therapy.What would be the goal of Levi's therapy sessions?

A)to help Levi understand how his moods and behaviors are impacted by his relationships
B)to uncover Levi's unconscious anxiety and motives
C)to assist Levi in the process of self-actualization
D)to address the bad thoughts that Levi is experiencing and replace them with good thoughts

Question 39

As Celine begins to reveal more and more of her innermost thoughts and feelings to her psychodynamic therapist,she begins to feel good about him,as well as accepted by him.She develops a sense of trust,particularly because he does not criticize her.What process is occurring?

A)unconditional positive regard
B)insight
C)rationalization
D)transference

Question 40

Which of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for psychoanalysis?

A)Mary,who is extremely withdrawn
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who is unable to verbally express her thoughts and feelings
D)Lou,who suffers from anxiety

Question 41

Your friend tells you that his therapist is a Gestalt therapist.You ask him to describe what might happen in one of his therapy sessions.Which of the following is his most likely answer?

A)"I am asked by the therapist to relax and meditate."
B)"During the session,I sometimes talk to an empty chair."
C)"The therapist asks me to describe the details of the dreams I have had recently."
D)"The therapist evaluates the factual basis of my statements to identify logical inconsistencies."

Question 42

Judy's therapist listens to her without interruption and judgment.She provides Judy with warmth and respect,without any conditions attached.Her therapist is demonstrating ______________.

A)reflection
B)genuineness
C)unconditional positive regard
D)nondirective countertransference

Question 43

Which type of therapy emphasizes people's potential for growth and the importance of an empathetic therapist?

A)psychoanalytic
B)person-centered
C)cognitive-behavior
D)cognitive

Question 44

____________ therapies have been used not only to treat mental disorders but also to help people make career choices,deal with workplace problems,and as a form of marriage counseling.

A)Humanistic
B)Psychoanalytic
C)Biomedical
D)Biological

Question 45

Which of the following does humanistic therapy emphasize?

A)the unconscious
B)personal choice
C)errant thought processes
D)the empty-chair technique

Question 46

Gestalt therapy was developed based on the work of ______.

A)Lazarus
B)Wolpe
C)Rogers
D)Perls

Question 47

What did Carl Rogers view as a cause of most personal difficulties?

A)reinforcement of maladaptive behavior patterns
B)unrealistic modes of thought employed by many people
C)mismatch between an individual's ideal self and real self
D)unresolved unconscious conflicts occurring between the id and superego

Question 48

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people see their actual traits and abilities.

A)ideal self
B)real self
C)ego
D)id

Question 49

What is the primary goal of the therapist in person-centered therapy?

A)to facilitate transference
B)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C)to provide unconditional positive regard
D)to help the client become more aware of his or her own feelings

Question 50

Dr.Graham listens to Maria's statements and then restates what he feels is Maria's message and describes her emotions.What type of therapy is Dr.Graham practicing?

A)behavior
B)cognitive
C)psychoanalytic
D)person-centered

Question 51

The person-centered therapist has to be able to acknowledge and understand what the client is feeling and experiencing.This process is referred to as ________________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 52

Expressing empathy,developing the discrepancies between a client's present behaviors and values,rolling with resistance,and supporting a client's self-efficacy are the four pillars of __________.

A)motivational interviewing
B)rational emotive therapy
C)person-centered therapy
D)contingency contracting

Question 53

What is a major goal of the Gestalt therapist?

A)to facilitate transference
B)to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C)to provide unconditional positive regard
D)to help clients become more aware of their own feelings

Question 54

Imagine if Sigmund Freud were to go to Carl Rogers for therapy.Freud's major complaint is depression due to distress over the lack of positive response to his theories.What is Rogers most likely to say during their session?

A)"You seem troubled by the reaction to your work."
B)"Let's focus on your relationship with your father."
C)"Why do you think that everyone must appreciate your work?"
D)"Say the first thing that comes to your mind;don't censor anything,because I want to know what is truly on your mind."

Question 55

Gestalt therapy is considered ________ because the therapist leads the client through a number of planned exercises as well as confronts the client's statements.

A)directive
B)nondirective
C)behavioral
D)cognitive

Question 56

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's person-centered therapy?

A)cognition
B)resistance
C)dream interpretation
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 57

The therapist's feeling of respect and affection for the client that exists without any strings attached,no matter what the client may say or do,is called __________.

A)conditions of worth
B)empathy
C)catharsis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 58

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people think they should be.

A)ideal self
B)real self
C)ego
D)id

Question 59

Carl Rogers's person-centered approach is considered ________ because the client actually does all the real work,with the therapist merely acting as a sounding board.

A)directive
B)nondirective
C)behavioral
D)cognitive

Question 60

The person-centered therapist must show a genuine,open,and honest response to the client.This is called _____________.

A)empathy
B)resistance
C)authenticity
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 61

The basic goal of systematic desensitization is to ________.

A)relax body muscles
B)address the causes of one's fears
C)relax individuals in the presence of a feared object or situation
D)understand what an individual is thinking when faced with a feared object or situation

Question 62

Which type of therapy is based on various learning principles?

A)behavior
B)cognitive-behavior
C)psychoanalysis
D)person-centered

Question 63

Which behavior therapy technique is commonly used to treat anxieties or fears?

A)interpretation
B)free association
C)dream analysis
D)exposure

Question 64

Iram is afraid of snakes.In an effort to help him overcome his fear,his therapist has him enter a room where there are dozens of snakes and has him hold them.Iram is not permitted to leave the room until the therapy session is completed.Iram's therapist is using ______.

A)systematic desensitization
B)flooding
C)paradoxical intent
D)aversion therapy

Question 65

Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate for treating overeating or smoking?

A)flooding
B)systematic desensitization
C)aversion therapy
D)token economy

Question 66

Julie has a fear of riding in elevators.She is seeing a therapist who asks her to construct a hierarchy of her fears related to riding in elevators.In addition,her therapist is teaching her to relax while imagining each fear in the hierarchy.Julie's therapist is using __________.

A)person-centered therapy
B)rational emotive therapy
C)systematic desensitization
D)cognitive consistency therapy

Question 67

Which of the following is a therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning?

A)systematic desensitization
B)contingency contract
C)token economy
D)reinforcement

Question 68

Therapeutic approaches that are based on the belief that all normal and abnormal behavior is learned are ______ therapies.

A)traditional psychodynamic
B)behavior
C)short-term psychodynamic
D)cognitive

Question 69

Craig is currently in therapy to help him stop smoking.His therapist is using learning techniques to help him modify his smoking habit and develop more desirable behaviors.Craig's therapist is using ________.

A)behavior modification
B)empty chair technique
C)reflection
D)selective thinking

Question 70

Which of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for humanistic therapy?

A)Mary,who is extremely withdrawn
B)Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder
C)Pasha,who is unable to verbally express her thoughts and feelings
D)Lou,who is seeking a career change

Question 71

Which of the following is a limitation of humanistic therapy?

A)Clients do not need to be verbal.
B)There is not enough experimental research to support its basic ideas.
C)It cannot be used in a variety of contexts.
D)The therapist runs the risk of having his or her words misinterpreted by the client.

Question 72

Every time Jarrad opens his cigarette case or uses his lighter,he gets a painful electric shock.Jarrad's friends and family have been asked not to give him any cigarettes or light any cigarettes for him,so he must use his own lighter if he wants to smoke.Eventually,Jarrad loses his desire to smoke,thanks to ______.

A)negative transference
B)behavioral contracting
C)systematic desensitization
D)aversion conditioning

Question 73

Which of the following is an advantage of person-centered therapy?

A)Clients do not need to be verbal.
B)There is too much empirical research about it.
C)It is one of the best approaches for treating serious disorders.
D)The therapist has a lower risk of having his or her words misinterpreted by the client.

Question 74

The use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behaviors is called _______.

A)behavior modification
B)empty chair technique
C)reflection
D)selective thinking

Question 75

Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object?

A)extinction
B)punishment
C)token economy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 76

For which of these problems would systematic desensitization most likely be used?

A)Joe has been depressed for two years.
B)Ken is sexually attracted to young children.
C)As a result of schizophrenia,David does not interact with members of his family.
D)A fear of heights restricts Alice's enrollment to classes that meet on the first floor.

Question 77

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviors?

A)learning
B)unconscious conflicts
C)distortions in thinking
D)discrepancy between the real self and ideal self

Question 78

Mary,who has a great fear of flying,has been instructed by her behavior therapist to take a brief ride in an actual airplane.If Mary follows her therapist's instructions,then she'll be engaged in ________.

A)imaginal exposure
B)aversive exposure
C)in vivo exposure
D)virtual reality exposure

Question 79

A technique for treating phobias and other stress disorders in which the person is suddenly exposed to the fear-provoking situation or object in an intense way and is prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response is called __________.

A)systematic desensitization
B)flooding
C)paradoxical intent
D)aversive therapy

Question 80

The form of behavioral therapy in which an undesirable behavior is paired with an unpleasant stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior is called _______.

A)token economy
B)operant conditioning
C)aversion therapy
D)participant modeling