Deck 1: The Nature of Information Technology Projects

Question 1

The triple constraint relationship implies that owners,stakeholders and sponsors must communicate effectively to help ensure project success.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The rise of islands of independent that replicated data throughout the organization during the Micro Era in the 1980's often challenged the centralized control of many data processing managers.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Socio-Technical Approach has been adopted by many organizations because successful projects require a pure technical approach that focuses on the tools,techniques,and methodologies of IT development.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Projects are planned organizational change.Therefore,the project manager and team do not need to worry about the political climate within the organization because top management has a firm understanding of the organization's culture,environment,politics,etc.

Question 5

Project management is the application of knowledge,skills,tools,and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements.

Question 6

The EDP era

A)Began in the early 1980s with the personal computer
B)Began in the 1960s when large organizations first purchased a centralized mainframe or minicomputer.
C)Began in the 1990s when many organizations sought to regain control of the IT deparment and hired a Chief Data Processing Officer
D)Is credited to the U.S.Navy when it used a project management approach to manage the Polaris missile project.
E)Began in the late 1960s and early 1970s with a defense project called ARPANET that eventually led to the Internet.

Question 7

According to the Standish Group,it appears that most project today fail not because of technology,but from a lack of user involvement and incomplete resources.

Question 8

IT projects must provide value an organization.

Question 9

A project can be defined as a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique purpose.

Question 10

Only the most successful projects are likely to lead to best practices.

Question 11

Information Technology Projects are organizational investments.

Question 12

The Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge provides a basis for identifying and describing the generally accepted principles of project management.

Question 13

According to the CHAOS studies,more IT projects are becoming increasing successful,but there is still a need to improve the likelihood of success.

Question 14

Assumptions are what we use to estimate scope,schedule and budget and to assess the risks of the project.

Question 15

During the Network Era,IT projects have focused primarily on the challenge of creating a scalable IT infrastructure to support many partners,strategic alliances,vendors,and customers.

Question 16

According to the CHAOS studies,user involvement and executive support tend to be important factors for successful projects.

Question 17

The Data Processing Era that began in the 1960's focused on automating many of the organizational transactions such as general accounting,inventory management,and production scheduling with the aid of a centralized mainframe or mini computers.

Question 18

The Micro Era that started in the 1980's provided a smooth transition from large centralized computers to the personal computer that was widely welcomed by data processing managers who believed the replication of data throughout the organization would provide added backup and security.

Question 19

A project sponsor is responsible for ensuring that all of the project management and technical development processes are in place and being carried out within a set of specific requirements,defined processes,and quality standards.

Question 20

According to the CHAOS studies most IT projects are completed on time and on budget.

Question 21

The project sponsor is

A)responsible for ensuring that all management and technical processes are in place and carried out.
B)the client,customer,or organizational manager who acts as the project champion and provides organizational resources and direction.
C)the user or client who has specific knowledge,expertise,or insight in a specific functional area needed to support the project.
D)provides the technical solution to the organizational problem and may include systems analysts,network specialists,or programmers.
E)the person responsible for final acceptance of the application.

Question 22

The following are PMBOK knowledge areas except:

A)Project Integration Management
B)Project Scope Management
C)Project Cost Management
D)Project Risk Management
E)Project Research Management

Question 23

The technical expert is

A)responsible for ensuring that all management and technical processes are in place and carried out.
B)the client,customer,or organizational manager who acts as the project champion and provides organizational resources and direction.
C)the user or client who has specific knowledge,expertise,or insight in a specific functional area needed to support the project.
D)provides the technical solution to the organizational problem and may include systems analysts,network specialists,or programmers.
E)the person responsible for final acceptance of the application.

Question 24

The Globalization era

A)Began in the early 1980s with the personal computer
B)Began in the 1960s when large organizations first purchased a centralized mainframe or minicomputer.
C)Began in the 1990s when many organizations sought to regain control of the IT deparment and hired a Chief Data Processing Officer
D)Is credited to the U.S.Navy when it used a project management approach to manage the Polaris missile project.
E)Began after Y2K with the combination of technology and political barriers flattening the world so that people and organizations can work with almost anyone in any place at any time.

Question 25

____ can arise from the estimation process or the stability of the project team.

A)Internal risks
B)External risks
C)Assumptions
D)Cost overruns
E)Triple constraint

Question 26

The Micro era

A)Began in the early 1980s with the personal computer
B)Began in the 1960s when large organizations first purchased a centralized mainframe or minicomputer.
C)Began in the 1990s when many organizations sought to regain control of the IT deparment and hired a Chief Data Processing Officer
D)Is credited to the U.S.Navy when it used a project management approach to manage the Polaris missile project.
E)Began in the late 1960s and early 1970s with a defense project called ARPANET that eventually led to the Internet.

Question 27

The desire to fund a project should be based upon

A)time savings
B)resource constraints
C)cost savings
D)the value the completed project will provide to an organization.
E)None of the above

Question 28

The subject matter expert is

A)responsible for ensuring that all management and technical processes are in place and carried out.
B)the client,customer,or organizational manager who acts as the project champion and provides organizational resources and direction.
C)the user or client who has specific knowledge,expertise,or insight in a specific functional area needed to support the project.
D)provides the technical solution to the organizational problem and may include systems analysts,network specialists,or programmers.
E)the person responsible for final acceptance of the application.

Question 29

Which of the following organizational variables can influence the selection of IT projects?

A)culture
B)environment
C)politics
D)strategy
E)all of the above

Question 30

A project

A)is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique product,service,or result.
B)is an ongoing activity that provides value to the organization.
C)must be completed on time and on budget to be successful.
D)does not usually have a deadline.
E)has a high likelihood of success.

Question 31

The Socio-Technical Approach focuses on

A)the technology used to implement the project.
B)using technology to meet the needs of the business.
C)the tools,techniques,and methodologies to develop the application.
D)cost considerations.
E)selecting the right team members,skill sets,and resources for the project.

Question 32

The Value-Driven Approach focuses on

A)completing the project on time.
B)a bug-free application.
C)providing value to the organization.
D)completing the project under budget.
E)selecting the right team members,skill sets,and resources for the project.

Question 33

The triple constraint relationship that the text discusses refers to:

A)owners,stakeholders,and sponsors
B)time,money,and people
C)scope,schedule,and budgets
D)subject matter experts SME),technical experts TE),and project managers PM)
E)internal risks,external risks,and assumptions

Question 34

A value-driven approach to project management means

A)Applying project management tools and processes that are part of a methodology
B)Taking a purely technical approach to projects that focuses mainly on the technology
C)Deriving excellence in project management by documenting lessons learned and developing best practices
D)Applying knowledge,skills,tools,and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements
E)Measuring project success in terms of the value the project brings to the organization and not only in terms of meeting the project schedule and budget

Question 35

The top factors to project success as reported by the CHAOS studies focus on:

A)innovative and cutting edge technology
B)clear ownership of the project
C)competent staff and new technologies
D)user involvement and executive support
E)proper planning and changing requirements

Question 36

The project manager is

A)responsible for ensuring that all management and technical processes are in place and carried out.
B)the client,customer,or organizational manager who acts as the project champion and provides organizational resources and direction.
C)the user or client who has specific knowledge,expertise,or insight in a specific functional area needed to support the project.
D)provides the technical solution to the organizational problem and may include systems analysts,network specialists,or programmers.
E)the person responsible for final acceptance of the application.

Question 37

According to the CHAOS studies,which of the following factors tend to be most prevelant for challenged or failed projects?

A)Lack of user input and incomplete requirements
B)New technologies
C)Lack of interest by the customer
D)Shortage of highly trained technical experts
E)Lack of subject matter experts SME)

Question 38

Extreme Project Management XPM)

A)always uses an extreme programming approach for developing systems
B)transfers a system to the users in a series of versions called releases
C)employs an orderly approach for projects that have become chaotic and unpredictable
D)takes a holistic view of planning and managing projects that accepts that requirements often change and that people and innovation are vital to the project's success.
E)All of the above

Question 39

According to the CHAOS studies,IT projects

A)Are always over-budget and over schedule
B)Are always succesful even though they can be chaotic
C)Project success in improving because of better project management tools and processes,smaller projects,and improved communication
D)Project failure is increasing because because of a lack of available resources and due to a shortage of highly trained technical people
E)None of the above

Question 40

The Network era

A)Began in the early 1980s with the personal computer
B)Began in the 1960s when large organizations first purchased a centralized mainframe or minicomputer.
C)Began in the 1990s when many organizations sought to regain control of the IT deparment and hired a Chief Data Processing Officer
D)Is credited to the U.S.Navy when it used a project management approach to manage the Polaris missile project.
E)Began in the late 1960s and early 1970s with a defense project called ARPANET that eventually led to the Internet.

Question 41

Project Communications Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)entails providing timely and accurate information about the project to stakeholders.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 42

Describe the globalization era in your own words.

Question 43

The Project Management Body of Knowledge

A)is a method of ensuring project success.
B)must be used on all projects.
C)is a generally accepted set of principles and practices for project management.
D)must be used in its entirety.
E)works the same on all projects.

Question 44

Project Human Resource Management

A)focuses on creating and developing the project team.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 45

Project Time Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 46

What are the benefits to using a project management approach to developing information systems?

Question 47

Project Scope Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)provides assurance that the project's work is defined accurately and completed as planned.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 48

Project Cost Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)assures that the project budget is developed and completed as approved.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 49

Describe the Network Era in your own words.

Question 50

Project Risk Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 51

Describe the Micro Era in your own words.

Question 52

Describe the EDP Era in your own words.

Question 53

What are the attributes of a project?

Question 54

Project Quality Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 55

Project Integration Management

A)focuses on coordinating the project plan's development,execution,and control of changes.
B)includes identifying the project phases and activities and estimating,sequencing,and assigning resources.
C)focuses on planning,developing,and managing the quality environment allowing the project to meet or exceed stakeholder expectations.
D)focuses on identifying and responding appropriately to risks that can impact the project.
E)is concerned with acquiring project resources that are outside the organization.

Question 56

What is the socio-technical approach to systems development?