Deck 6: Kinship and Domestic Life

Question 1

The tracing of kinship relationships through parentage is called

A)descent.
B)matriarchy.
C)endogamy.
D)exogamy.
E)caste system.

Answer 1

descent.

Question 2

_________ is an example of sharing-based kinship that is ritually formalized.

A)Exogamy
B)Neolocality
C)Blood brotherhood
D)A household
E)Endogamy

Answer 2

Blood brotherhood

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the Minangkabau culture is accurate?

A)It is the world's largest matrilineal culture.
B)Fewer Minangkabau now practice the kula.
C)The traditional heartland is based in Malaysia.
D)Most Minangkabau are Christians.
E)Tigers are the most important animal in terms of symbolism.

Answer 3

It is the world's largest matrilineal culture.

Question 4

Unilineal descent systems

A)include all biological relatives in the lineage group.
B)are found in about 45 percent of the world's cultures.
C)are on the decline due to globalization.
D)place a high value on female roles and inheritance.
E)all of the above.

Question 5

In a patrilineal kinship system, a married couple is most likely to reside

A)with or near the parents of the bride.
B)with the bride's family for the first year and then with the groom's family.
C)with or near the bride's mother's brother.
D)alternating between the bride's family and the groom's family.
E)with or near the parents of the groom.

Question 6

Bilineal descent systems are

A)always found in pastoralist societies.
B)found to exist only in people's myths, never reality.
C)the most common descent system known.
D)most clearly linked with tropical horticulture.
E)less common than unilineal descent systems.

Question 7

Brideprice refers to

A)the sale of women at auction to the highest bidder.
B)the joint contribution by the bride's and groom's families to the couple.
C)a gift to the groom's family from the bride's side.
D)the exchange of women between two matrilineal groups.
E)a gift to the bride's family from the groom's side.

Question 8

Claude Lévi-Strauss suggested that incest taboos

A) are not common because they have no practical benefit in the short-term.
B) are not common because spouse selection is often determined by exclusionary rules.
C) are only common in agricultural and industrial cultures.
D) are common due to the dangers of genetic endogamy.
E) are common because they promote social contact.

Question 9

Which of the following is a recent change in marriage patterns?

A) The western "white wedding" is completely replacing many local traditions.
B) Chinese women are facing a crisis-level shortage of marriageable men.
C) Arranged marriages in Nepal are decreasing.
D) The average age of newlyweds is decreasing.
E) Non-western, traditional ceremonies are increasingly common in sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 10

The incest taboo

A)applies only to sexual intercourse, not marriage.
B)leads to exogamy.
C)forbids marriage or sexual intercourse with the same set of relatives in all cultures.
D)is the rule that universally prevents cousin marriage.
E)has no apparent useful function in society.

Question 11

Brideservice involves

A)the groom working for the bride's family.
B)the bride working for the groom's family.
C)either the bride or groom working for their family of marriage.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 12

Neolocal residence for married couples is associated with

A)a foraging mode of livelihood.
B)Western industrialized society.
C)bilineal kinship systems.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 13

A factor in high rates of wife abuse in rural Kentucky is

A)men's heavy use of marijuana.
B)geographical isolation.
C)lack of police staffing.
D)women's unusual degree of economic independence that men find threatening.
E)women's better level of education than men's which threatens the men.

Question 14

Compared to a family, a household may include

A)people who do not live together.
B)people who are not related by kinship.
C)fewer than four people.
D)children.
E)none of the above: anthropologists use these terms as exact synonyms.

Question 15

The system of descent in which kinship is traced through the female line is called

A)matriarchal.
B)fostering.
C)bilineal.
D)matrilineal.
E)feminism.

Question 16

The research tool showing the relatives known by an individual or "ego" is a(n)

A)extended family.
B)life history.
C)kinship diagram.
D)descent system.
E)genealogy.

Question 17

An example of kinship established through sharing is

A)brideprice.
B)marriage.
C)godparenthood.
D)descent.
E)double descent.

Question 18

"Eskimo" and "Iroquois" were two of the six types of an early anthropological classification system of which of the following?

A) household structure
B) family structure
C) spouse selection criteria
D) kinship terminology
E) descent

Question 19

Large extended households are most prevalent in which mode of livelihood?

A)circumpolar foraging
B)socialism
C)industrialism/informatics
D)temperate-climate foraging
E)agriculture

Question 20

According to the textbook, kinship is based on which three factors?

A)love, respect, and caring
B)descent, divorce, and fate
C)descent, sharing, and marriage
D)genetics, language, and learning
E)sharing, adoption, and marriage

Question 21

A world center of finance and trade, Hong Kong lacks natural resources and agricultural land, so it imports most of its food and raw materials.

Question 22

The Republic of Ghana has rich natural resources and exports gold, timber, and cocoa.

Question 23

A rule that says a person must find a marriage partner from outside their village is called exogamy.

Question 24

Brideprice is more common in foraging societies than in other modes of livelihood.

Question 25

In Minangkabau society women control the production of, and men the market sale of rice.

Question 26

The major ethnic group in Ghana are the Akan.

Question 27

The naming system in rural Hong Kong reflects the power, importance, and autonomy of males.

Question 28

Most cultural anthropologists would accept as the minimal accepted definition of marriage a "union between two or more people."

Question 29

Cultural anthropologists generally accept that marriage involves a binding union between a man and woman such that children born to them are considered legitimate by society.

Question 30

In the United States, notions of romantic love are more strongly held by Euro-American women than by African-American women.

Question 31

Bilineal descent systems are found in roughly one third of cultures.

Question 32

When marriage involves a woman of lower status than the man, this is referred to as isogamy.

Question 33

Adopting a child forms kinship bonds that the textbook categorizes as sharing-based.

Question 34

In Niger, the current marriage crisis is caused by the fact that many young men cannot raise the necessary funds for the brideprice and additional gifts to the bride's family.

Question 35

Neolocal marital residence implies that newlyweds will transition from a nuclear to an extended household.

Question 36

Bilineal kinship is more characteristic of foraging and industrial/informatics societies than of the other three modes of livelihood.

Question 37

In South India, cross-cousin marriage is a preferred form of marriage.

Question 38

A major cause of the "marriage crisis" throughout sub-Saharan Africa is the high rate of unemployment about marriage-age men.

Question 39

Fostering is a formal and permanent form of child transfer.

Question 40

An extended household contains more than one adult married couple.

Question 41

An endogamous marriage requirement can be based on social category, kinship or locality

Question 42

Describe two different economic transfer involved in marriage arrangements and their implications for the status of the bride and groom.

Question 43

Describe one aspect of intrahousehold relationships with an ethnographic example.

Question 44

When goods and money go from the bride's family to the groom's family, this is referred to as __________.

Question 45

With the rise of industrialization and urbanization, the existence of the longhouse household tradition in Borneo is __________.

Question 46

Discuss the three bases of kinship discussed in the textbook.

Question 47

The three bases of kinship described in the textbook are __________, sharing, and marriage.

Question 48

In brother-sister relationships in Beirut, Lebanon, the dominant sibling is the __________.

Question 49

Located in the southeastern United States, in the wider Appalachian region, the state of __________ has more farmers per square mile than any other state and a per capita income that is 43rd in the 50 states.

Question 50

A nuclear household that contains one or more adult children, as is becoming increasingly common in the U.S., is referred to as ___________.

Question 51

Dowry gifts in Ghana typically include __________.

Question 52

Compared to village exogamy, the practice of village __________ (in-marriage) tends to maintain close ties between a bride and her family of origin.

Question 53

Define the incest taboo and some important cross-cultural variations in it.

Question 54

What is unilineal descent and with which modes of livelihood is it most associated? Discuss an ethnographic example.

Question 55

Islamic teachings on family matters are one factor explaining the decline of the matrilineal tradition among the Minangkabau

Question 56

An example of a matrilineal culture is __________.

Question 57

Define a nuclear household and an extended household. How do they differ in terms of key functions?

Question 58

__________ is the term that applies to marriages between one man and several women.

Question 59

One force of change in contemporary household arrangements is __________.

Question 60

A marriage that transfers resources from the bride's side to the groom's is __________.

Question 61

Present key findings of cultural anthropologists on adoption and fostering of children.

Question 62

Discuss how and why household structure is changing in contemporary times. Provide one example of such change.

Question 63

Describe three criteria of spouse selection.

Question 64

How is marriage changing in contemporary cultures?

Question 65

How does the mode of livelihood affect kinship systems? Give concrete examples.

Question 66

What findings did ethnographic research in rural Kentucky provide to help prevent wife abuse there?

Question 67

Discuss how patrilineal descent shapes naming practices in a Chinese village of rural Hong Kong Territory.

Question 68

Discuss key findings about husband-wife relationships cross-culturally and in Japan.

Question 69

How do the terms "family" and "household" differ from each other? Define each and explain the contrasts and similarities. Draw a kinship diagram of your family and then draw a diagram of your household (the people with whom you live when you are not at college).

Question 70

Discuss the varying role of romantic love in spouse/partner selection.

Question 71

What are key features of Minangkabau culture of Indonesia and what changes are they experiencing today?