Deck 9: A: Language and Communication

Question 1

Infant-directed speech has exaggerated changes in pitch and loudness.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Young infants cannot discriminate sounds that they have never heard before.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Children are more likely to learn a word name when adults are not looking at an object when they name it.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

If an object already has a name and another name is presented, children will assume that the new name denotes a subcategory of the original name.

Question 5

Children with a referential style use language as a social tool.

Question 6

Preschool children ignore sentence cues when learning the meanings of words.

Question 7

Early on, use of gestures is completely independent of use of words.

Question 8

Expressive children's vocabularies include a large percentage of words that are names of objects, people, or actions.

Question 9

Children assume that a name refers to a whole object and not the parts of an object.

Question 10

By 12 months of age, children of English-speaking parents cannot discriminate speech sounds that are not found in English.

Question 11

Deaf infants often babble in signs.

Question 12

At about 18 months of age, many children experience a naming explosion.

Question 13

Phonemes include both consonant and vowel sounds.

Question 14

If a child knows the word dinosaur and sees that one dinosaur is consistently called Dino, the child will conclude that Dino is the name of the dinosaur.

Question 15

Infants as young as one month can discriminate different sounds.

Question 16

Common early words include greetings and words for food and toys.

Question 17

The use of symbols is not related to language development.

Question 18

Calling all four-legged animals doggie is an example of underextension.

Question 19

Cooing involves combining vowel and consonant sounds.

Question 20

When an unfamiliar word is heard, children will assume that the word refers to an object that is present that does not have a name.

Question 21

A specific area of the brain, usually the left hemisphere, plays a critical role in processing language.

Question 22

People can easily acquire language at any point in life.

Question 23

School-age children can detect sarcasm from the speaker's tone of voice but not from the context of the sarcastic comment.

Question 24

The single most important factor in growth of vocabulary is heredity.

Question 25

School-age children are more likely to be polite to adults and demanding with peers.

Question 26

Most toddlers understand that one's reply to comments should be related to the comment.

Question 27

Children learn general rules about grammatical morphemes.

Question 28

Individuals master the grammar of a foreign language at the level of a native speaker only if they are exposed to the language prior to adolescence.

Question 29

Naming objects that are the focus of a child's attention can help the child learn new words.

Question 30

Preschool children do not adjust their messages when their listeners lack critical information

Question 31

Children cannot understand complex metaphors until they can reason abstractly.

Question 32

According to the cognitive view, children learn language by searching across many examples stored in memory.

Question 33

Chimpanzees learn grammar as easily as young children.

Question 34

During the stage of two-word speech, children use wh- words when asking questions.

Question 35

"Two mans" is an example of overregularization.

Question 36

Infants' early attempts to communicate include pointing, touching, or making noises.

Question 37

By three years of age, children understand that a comment should be followed by a response.

Question 38

Adding -s and -ing are simple grammatical morphemes that are mastered at an early age.

Question 39

Bilingualism is very confusing for children and, consequently, bilingual children show more cognitive deficits than monolingual children.

Question 40

The production of two-word speech does not follow any rules.