Deck 4: A: Growth and Health

Question 1

Initial ejaculations usually contain enough sperm to fertilize an egg.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Most of the body's muscle fibres are not present at birth.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Breast-fed babies are ill more often than bottle-fed babies.

Question 5

Fat accumulates rapidly during the first year of life.

Question 6

Breast-fed babies are less prone to diarrhea and constipation.

Question 7

Bones acquire most of their mass during childhood and adolescence.

Question 8

Most people with osteoporosis are women.

Question 9

Early menstrual cycles are usually irregular and without ovulation.

Question 10

Infants need to consume fewer calories per kilogram of body weight than do adults.

Question 11

During prenatal development, cartilage turns to bone beginning with the centre and then moving to the ends of the cartilage structures.

Question 12

Boys reach their mature stature about two years before girls do.

Question 13

Increased pickiness while eating occurs in children who are around two years of age.

Question 14

The pituitary gland signals other glands to secrete hormones that stimulate pubertal changes in the body.

Question 15

Muscle growth during puberty is more pronounced in girls than in boys.

Question 16

Bottle-fed babies make the transition to solid food more easily than breast-fed babies.

Question 17

Toddlers and young children have disproportionately small heads.

Question 18

Children should be forced to "clean their plates."

Question 19

Early adolescence is a period of rapid growth.

Question 20

Sleep is essential for normal growth because 80 percent of growth hormone is secreted during sleep.

Question 21

After one year of age, the most common cause of childhood death in North America is malnutrition.

Question 22

Menarche occurs earlier in countries where nutrition and health care are adequate.

Question 23

Pneumonia, diarrhea, measles, malaria, and malnutrition account for the vast majority of childhood deaths worldwide.

Question 24

Malnutrition is not common in industrialized countries.

Question 25

The timing of puberty for girls can be influenced by their fathers, specifically by the quantity and quality of paternal interactions.

Question 26

The effects of malnutrition are especially damaging during infancy.

Question 27

The effects of malnutrition can be cured simply by providing an adequate diet.

Question 28

Adopted children and adolescents' weights are related to the weights of their adoptive parents and not to the weights of their biological parents.

Question 29

The age of menarche is still dropping in industrialized countries.

Question 30

Early maturation has psychological consequences that differ for boys and girls.

Question 31

During the preschool years, internal control of eating is replaced gradually with external signals.

Question 32

People with bulimia may purge food from their bodies by taking laxatives.

Question 33

Many childhood deaths can be prevented with simple treatments such as vaccinations.

Question 34

The most common cause of death among African-American adolescent boys is motor vehicle accidents.

Question 35

Motor vehicle accidents are the most common cause of accidental death in children.

Question 36

Malnutrition affects a child's intelligence and ability to pay attention.

Question 37

In the United States, over the past three decades, the number of overweight children has doubled and the number of overweight adolescents has tripled.

Question 38

The most effective weight-loss programs for obese children involve training for the parents as well.

Question 39

Menarche occurs earlier in girls who experience much chronic stress or depression.

Question 40

Infectious diseases are the leading killers of young children worldwide.

Question 41

The ability to perceive spatial relations is usually largely due to neurons located in the left hemisphere of the brain.

Question 42

The gradual disappearance of synapses is thought to be beneficial because it weeds out synapses that are not frequently used.

Question 43

There is a region in the temporal cortex that seems to play a special role in recognizing faces.

Question 44

A part of the neuron called the dendrite receives information from other neurons.

Question 45

Almost all of the neurons that the brain will ever have are produced between 10 and 28 weeks after conception.

Question 46

The cell body sends information to other neurons.

Question 47

The small knobs at the ends of the axon are called synapses.

Question 48

The wrinkled surface of the brain is called the corpus callosum.

Question 49

Around seven months after conception, all six layers of the brain are in place.

Question 50

The ability to produce and understand language is usually largely due to neurons in the left hemisphere of the brain.