Question 1

In terms of racial/ethnic categories,most people arrested for a violent crime in Canada are _____.&#10;A)white&#10;B)Aboriginal&#10;C)French&#10;D)Chinese

Accepted Answer

Most people arrested for violent crimes in Canada are white, as they make up the largest racial/ethnic group in the country.

Question 2

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among:&#10;A)high-income males.&#10;B)middle-class men and women.&#10;C)low-income youths.&#10;D)all class levels.

Accepted Answer

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among low-income youths. Cohen's theory of delinquent subcultures posits that young people in lower-class neighborhoods face unique strains and turn to deviant subcultures to cope with their status frustration. Similarly, Miller's theory of focal concerns suggests that lower-class youths prioritize certain values, such as toughness and excitement, that can lead to deviant behavior.

Question 3

According to Elliot Currie,factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include:&#10;A)our cultural homogeneity.&#10;B)a lack of interest in punishing offenders.&#10;C)the high level of immigration.&#10;D)our emphasis on individual economic success,which weakens the social fabric.

Accepted Answer

According to Elliot Currie, the high crime rate in the United States can be attributed to our emphasis on individual economic success, which weakens the social fabric.

Question 4

The United States is the only western,high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The United States is the only western, high-income nation that regularly uses the death penalty. Many other western countries have abolished the death penalty in law or practice.

Question 5

In Robert Merton's strain theory of deviance,which of the following concepts refers to the process of seeking conventional goals but rejecting the conventional means to achieve them?&#10;A)innovation&#10;B)ritualism&#10;C)retreatism&#10;D)rebellion

Accepted Answer

Innovation in Merton's strain theory refers to the process of seeking conventional, socially accepted goals (such as wealth or status) but using unconventional or illegitimate means to achieve them. This includes engaging in criminal activity or breaking social norms to achieve success. Ritualism refers to giving up on achieving societal goals and instead focusing on conforming to societal norms, while retreatism is giving up on both societal goals and norms. Rebellion involves rejecting both conventional goals and means while seeking to create new societal norms and values.

Question 6

The oldest justification for punishing an offender is:&#10;A)deterrence.&#10;B)retribution.&#10;C)social protection.&#10;D)rehabilitation.

Accepted Answer

Retribution is based on the idea that offenders deserve to be punished for their wrongdoing. This idea of punishment dates back to ancient times and was based on the concept of "an eye for an eye" and the idea that punishment should be proportional to the harm caused by the offender.

Question 7

In legal terms,a crime is composed of which two components?&#10;A)the act and criminal intent&#10;B)a criminal and a victim&#10;C)the act and the social harm&#10;D)the law and the violation

Accepted Answer

A crime is composed of both the act (actus reus) and criminal intent (mens rea). The act refers to the physical or external element of the crime, such as theft or assault, while criminal intent refers to the mental or internal element of the crime, such as the intention to steal or harm someone. Without both components, an act cannot be considered a crime.

Question 8

State four ways in which,according to Emile Durkheim,deviance is functional for society as a whole.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State four ways in which,according to Emile...

Question 9

The likelihood a person will be arrested for a street crime rises sharply:&#10;A)during the late teenage years.&#10;B)in the late twenties.&#10;C)during the middle thirties.&#10;D)over age forty.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the highest rate of street crime arrests occur during the late teenage years, specifically between the ages of 16 and 19. After this age, the likelihood of being arrested for a street crime decreases.

Question 10

Biological factors,including genetics,explain most criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

While genetics may play a role in some criminal behaviors, multiple factors such as environment, upbringing, and social influences also contribute to criminal behavior. It is not accurate to say that genetics explain most criminal behavior.

Deck 9: C: Deviance