Deck 13: D: Gender Stratification

Question 1

Which anthropologist is noted in the text as carrying out groundbreaking research on gender?

A)Emile Durkheim
B)Beverley McLachlin
C)Margaret Mead
D)Anna Porter

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which province was the last to grant women the right to vote in 1940?

A)Ontario
B)Manitoba
C)Quebec
D)B.C.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The point of describing gender in the Israeli kibbutzim is to show that:

A)gender is rooted in biology.
B)women can dominate men.
C)cultures define gender in different ways.
D)to show that boys and girls must be raised by biological parents.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Throughout the life course,gender shapes:

A)human feelings.
B)human thoughts.
C)human actions.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 5

The unequal distribution of wealth,power,and privilege between men and women is called:

A)sexism
B)gender equality
C)gender stratification
D)gender bias

Question 6

Comparing the performances of female and male athletes over time shows:

A)little or no change in female-male differences if performance
B)male performances are improving faster than female performances
C)women have been closing the gap with men in most athletic performances
D)no comparison of athletes has ever been made in a systematic way

Question 7

In his global study of gender,George Murdock found:

A)some agreement as to feminine and masculine tasks.
B)men and women were equally likely to be engaged in farming.
C)many tasks were considered masculine by some societies and feminine by others.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following concepts refers to social organization in which males dominate females?

A)patriarchy
B)matriarchy
C)monarchy
D)oligarchy

Question 9

The chapter argues that gender is a matter of not just difference but also of differences in:

A)power.
B)wealth.
C)privileges.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 10

Who originally asked the Supreme Court to recognize women as "persons"?

A)the Sassy Seven
B)the Famous Five
C)the Infamous Four
D)Sir John A.Macdonald

Question 11

The concept of gender refers to:

A)the degree of inequality between men and women in a society.
B)the secondary sex characteristics of individuals.
C)the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male.
D)patterns of sexual orientation.

Question 12

On average,young men show greater ____ ability than young women;young women show greater _____ ability than young men.

A)intellectual;sensory
B)mathematical;verbal
C)verbal;mathematical
D)sensory;intellectual

Question 13

The Persons Case was taken to Canada's Supreme Court by the Famous Five in order to have women recognized as "persons" so that they could:

A)vote
B)join the military
C)go to university
D)be eligible for appointment to the Senate

Question 14

Which concept refers to attitudes and activities that a society links to people of each sex?

A)primary sex characteristics
B)sexual orientation
C)gender roles
D)secondary sex characteristics

Question 15

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A)Men and women differ physically in some limited ways.
B)Overall,men are physically superior to women.
C)Overall,women are physically superior to men.
D)There are no physical differences between men and women.

Question 16

On average,do women or men live longer?

A)On average,men outlive women by about one year.
B)On average,women outlive men by about one year.
C)On average,men outlive women by about five years.
D)On average,women outlive men by about five years.

Question 17

Which of the following characteristics is typical of the kibbutzim?

A)differential workloads are assigned for men and women
B)sex domination favours women over men
C)gender is irrelevant to much of everyday life
D)boys and girls are raised with families

Question 18

Based on the map and discussion in the text,where would you go to find societies in which women's social power is lowest compared to that of men?

A)Europe
B)North America
C)Africa
D)South America

Question 19

What is the form of social organization in which females dominate males?

A)patriarchy
B)matriarchy
C)monarchy
D)oligarchy

Question 20

Margaret Mead's research on gender in three societies in New Guinea illustrates that:

A)all societies define masculinity in much the same way.
B)all societies define femininity in much the same way.
C)some societies recognize gender differences;some do not.
D)what is feminine to one society may be masculine to another.

Question 21

The concept "glass ceiling" refers to:

A)the barrier that prevents women from reaching the top
B)the fact that women's dreams are easily broken
C)the fact that cleaning the home is all most women do
D)the fact that cleaning the home is all most women do

Question 22

What concept refers to an invisible,yet real,barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle management positions?

A)glass ceiling
B)hidden sexism
C)polite discrimination
D)imaginary discrimination

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT true about gender and schooling in Canada?

A)a generation ago school texts portrayed versatile characters who were invariably male
B)gender stereotyping is less common in contemporary school tests
C)in university,the gender typing ends with males and females taking similar majors
D)gender studies courses attract more women than men

Question 24

Women earn approximately what share of all degrees,diplomas,and certificates in Canada?

A)20 percent
B)40 percent
C)60 percent
D)85 percent

Question 25

Currently in Canada,the largest proportion of women politicians is found in:

A)municipal politics
B)provincial politics
C)federal politics
D)international politics

Question 26

Which of the following job categories has mostly women as workers?

A)physicians
B)corporate managers
C)college professors
D)elementary school teachers

Question 27

In Canada,women in the labour force working full time earned _____ as much as men working full time.

A)97 percent
B)87 percent
C)71 percent
D)57 percent

Question 28

Drawing on Janet Lever's observations of children at play,which of the following would you conclude to be true?

A)Gender has little effect on young children.
B)Girls spend much more time at play than boys do.
C)Boys favor games with clear winners and losers.
D)Boys favor games that develop communication and cooperation.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is a correct reason to see women as a minority in Canada?

A)At every class level,women have less income,wealth,education,and power than men do.
B)Almost all women see themselves as a minority.
C)In Canada,men outnumber women.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 30

In today's Canadian work force:

A)men and women have the same types of jobs.
B)women and men receive the same pay.
C)women are concentrated in several categories of jobs.
D)a majority of working women hold "pink collar" jobs.

Question 31

Which sociologist suggested that infants are ushered into the "pink world" of girls or the "blue world" of boys?

A)Janet Lever
B)Carol Gilligan
C)Jessie Bernard
D)Dorothy Smith

Question 32

In 1929,in Canada:

A)women could vote in federal elections
B)women could not sit in the House of Commons
C)women could not sit in the Senate
D)could not do anything that had to do with politics

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT one of the six explanations put forth for women in Canada earning 71 cents on the male dollar?

A)women choose occupations that are poorly paid
B)women take time out from their jobs to have children
C)women are less likely to be promoted
D)women have less post-secondary education that men

Question 34

The housework that women do after returning from the workplace is referred to by sociologists as:

A)shared responsibility
B)a cultural liability
C)second shift
D)women's "lot"

Question 35

At about what age do children begin to apply gender distinctions to themselves?

A)2 years
B)3 years
C)6 years
D)15 years

Question 36

Where would you look in Canadian schools to find courses in which men outnumber women?

A)the fine arts
B)the sciences
C)the social sciences
D)any and all subjects

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of gender division in advertising?

A)voice-overs are typically female
B)women predominate in ads for cars and alcoholic beverages
C)men predominate in ads for new appliances
D)women predominate in ads for cleaning products

Question 38

Intersection theory explains that which of the following is a source of social disadvantage?

A)gender
B)race
C)class
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 39

"Pink-collar" work refers to what type of jobs?

A)clerical
B)professional
C)housework
D)medical

Question 40

Which of the following helps explain the rising share of women in the paid labor force during the last century?

A)the increase in the number of people working on farms
B)a high divorce rate
C)the increasing size of Canadian families
D)the fact that working women earn more than working men

Question 41

What would a social researcher conclude about the status of women as a minority?

A)women are a minority because patriarchy makes women dependent for much of their social standing on men
B)women are a minority because they see themselves as a minority
C)women as a whole are not a minority because gender does not match the importance of racial or cultural differences
D)women in Canada are not a minority because discrimination against them is marginal

Question 42

When did feminism as a social movement in Canada begin?

A)in the mid-1700s
B)in the mid-1800s
C)in the mid- 1900s
D)in 1918

Question 43

Which type of feminism links the social disadvantages of women to the capitalist economic system?

A)liberal feminism
B)socialist feminism
C)radical feminism
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 44

In 1989,which of Canada's major federal political parties became the first to elect a woman leader?

A)Conservative
B)Liberal
C)NDP
D)Reform Party

Question 45

If you could end violence against women in one setting,which of the following would reduce this type of violence the most?

A)the workplace
B)the home
C)public places
D)college campuses

Question 46

Which of the following does the social conflict perspective believe to be true?

A)gender involves similarity in power,but difference in behaviour
B)in hunting and gathering times,the activities of men were more important than the activities of women
C)a productive surplus led to a concern by men to control the behaviour of women
D)according to Engels,capitalism reduces male domination

Question 47

In 1993,_____________ became Canada's first,and only thus far,female Prime Minister.

A)Kim Campbell
B)Alexa McDonough
C)Audrey McLaughlin
D)Jessie Bernard

Question 48

Talcott Parsons explained that males tend toward _____ behaviour,while females are more _____.

A)instrumental;expressive
B)expressive;instrumental
C)egalitarian;hierarchical
D)rational;emotional

Question 49

Talcott Parsons described gender in terms of:

A)power differences.
B)complementarity.
C)violence.
D)the sexual objectification of women.

Question 50

What is TRUE about sexual harassment?

A)it happens to men and women
B)it has had little impact on the workplace
C)it is always blatant and direct
D)it never happens to men

Question 51

Which type of feminism seeks to end patriarchy by eliminating the idea of gender itself?

A)liberal feminism
B)socialist feminism
C)radical feminism
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 52

What is the term for comments,gestures,or physical contact of a sexual nature that are deliberate,repeated and unwelcome?

A)discrimination
B)sexual harassment
C)acquaintance assault
D)sexual innuendo

Question 53

Which of the following statements about pornography is FALSE?

A)Pornography is unrelated to sexual violence
B)Pornography constitutes a multi-million dollar\e a year industry
C)Pornography is a moral issue
D)Pornography is a power issue

Question 54

Engels claimed that men's desire to control their property brought about:

A)educational reform.
B)widespread use of birth control.
C)monogamous marriage.
D)the rise of industry.

Question 55

Who was Canada's first woman governor-general?

A)Adrienne Clarkson
B)Kim Campbell
C)Jeanne Sauve
D)Cairine Wilson

Question 56

Which type of feminism accepts the basic organization of Canadian society,but seeks to give women the same rights and opportunities as men?

A)liberal feminism
B)socialist feminism
C)radical feminism
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 57

Structural-functional analysis points out that industrialization encourages:

A)men to take control of the workplace.
B)growing gender equality.
C)women to have more children.
D)All of the above are correct.

Question 58

Feminists support all but one of the following.Which is the one that feminists do not support?

A)ending gender stratification
B)ending sexual violence
C)weakening the importance of gender in people's lives
D)limiting sexual freedom

Question 59

Friedrich Engels claimed that capitalism:

A)reduced all forms of inequality.
B)reduced patriarchy.
C)had little effect on patriarchy.
D)increased patriarchy.

Question 60

Sexual harassment became an issue in Canada in:

A)the 1990s.
B)the 1960s.
C)the 1890s.
D)the 1780s.

Question 61

Opposition to feminism is:

A)expressed by a majority of people in the United States.
B)directed mostly at socialist and radical feminism.
C)now just about gone in the United States.
D)increasing over time.

Question 62

Looking back over Canadian history,we see a general trend by which women:

A)have gained opportunities and power.
B)have made little movement toward equality with men.
C)are steadily losing ground and becoming less equal to men.
D)have retained their position of dominance over men.

Question 63

Which branch of feminism rejects all statements of claim made by other branches of feminism?

A)Marxist
B)Inclusive
C)Postmodernism
D)Radical

Question 64

Women's hockey in Canada:

A)was played at the turn of the 20th century
B)had a team in the 1930s that possessed a win-loss record of 348-2
C)won a gold medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics
D)all of the above are correct