Deck 7: A: Groups and Organizations

Question 1

Expressive leaders are more likely than instrumental leaders to enjoy more personal affection from group members.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Secondary groups are more likely than primary groups to be goal oriented.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Members of a social group usually think of themselves as a special "us."

Answer 3

True

Question 4

People riding together on a subway are correctly called a social group.

Question 5

Generally,people in secondary relationships think of others as a means to some end

Question 6

Reference groups can be primary groups but never secondary groups.

Question 7

"Groupthink" is a form of social conformity in groups.

Question 8

The leadership style that allows group members the most autonomy is "laissez-faire."

Question 9

In the process of anticipatory socialization,people use social groups they wish to join as reference groups.

Question 10

Irving Janis demonstrated how discussion always improves decision making in a social group.

Question 11

One person's in-group may well be another person's out-group.

Question 12

Asch's experiment in group conformity shows most people would not compromise their personal judgment to avoid being seen as different.

Question 13

Milgram's experiment showed that people are easily influenced by both "ordinary people" and legitimate authority figures.

Question 14

The boundary that distinguishes members from nonmembers is clearer in secondary groups than in primary groups.

Question 15

Expressive leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks.

Question 16

Your circle of friends is an example of a secondary group.

Question 17

As the number of members in a group goes up,the number of possible relationships among them goes up much faster.

Question 18

The number of people in a group does not affect how the members interact with one another.

Question 19

In general,people in secondary groups are more likely than people in primary groups to "keep score" in terms of who owes what to whom.

Question 20

The sociologist who explored the primary group was Charles Horton Cooley.

Question 21

The tendency of bureaucratic organizations to perpetuate themselves is referred to as "bureaucratic alienation".

Question 22

Formal organizations are designed to meet the personal needs of participants.

Question 23

A social network is really a web of weak social ties.

Question 24

Oligarchy refers to the rule of the many by the few.

Question 25

Compared to Canadian organizations,many formal organizations in Japan have had more qualities of primary groups.

Question 26

As groups increase in size,interaction between members becomes more intense and more personal.

Question 27

Simmel referred to a group of three as a dyad.

Question 28

Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research shows that clear rules,firmly and uniformly applied,increase a business organization's profitability.

Question 29

As groups grow larger,they become less stable.

Question 30

Today's business organizations make greater use of competitive work teams.

Question 31

Typically,the people with the largest social networks are young,well educated,and live in big cities.

Question 32

Scientific management was an effort to humanize the workplace.

Question 33

Frederick Taylor,the creator of "scientific management," would have favored a flatter organizational shape and more organizational flexibility.

Question 34

Today's more competitive organizations have a more hierarchical,pyramid shape.

Question 35

Max Weber believed that the spread of bureaucracy would greatly improve the quality of life for modern people.

Question 36

Internet sites such as Facebook.com help people create vast social networks.

Question 37

A psychiatric hospital can be a coercive organization for a patient,a utilitarian organization for a psychiatrist,and a normative organization for a part-time volunteer.

Question 38

The "McDonaldization of society" thesis echoes Weber's belief that rational systems are efficient but dehumanizing.

Question 39

As large organizations have expanded in Canada,privacy has increased.

Question 40

Bureaucracy places more importance on personal ties than on technical competence.

Question 41

The post-industrial economy has created more routine service jobs than highly skilled jobs.

Question 42

Formal organizations are relatively new,dating back to the mid-1850s.